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As Nature Formed It: Venus Sculptures and the ‘Natural’ Waistline in Dress Reform Discourse 自然形成:维纳斯雕塑与服饰改革话语中的“自然”腰围
IF 0.2 3区 社会学
Classical Receptions Journal Pub Date : 2020-12-14 DOI: 10.1093/crj/claa015
H. Franks
{"title":"As Nature Formed It: Venus Sculptures and the ‘Natural’ Waistline in Dress Reform Discourse","authors":"H. Franks","doi":"10.1093/crj/claa015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/crj/claa015","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 In the second half of the nineteenth century, ancient sculptures of Venus became models for the ‘natural’ waistline. Drawings of the Venus de Medici or de Milo were popular in texts published by American dress reformers, who advocated for the rejection of corsets and tight-lacing. This article takes as its subject these drawings and their simultaneous signification of multiple bodies: a specific sculpture, an idealized form, the ‘natural’ form of any female torso, and the supposedly superior physicality of the ancient Greeks. It argues that the elision of these various bodies is facilitated by the treatment of ancient sculptures as ‘truth-to-nature’ representations — images that are simultaneously ideal and faithful to the form produced by nature. This understanding is encouraged by drawings of the statues, which imply the comparability of sculpture and body. In this way, the sculptures enter dress reform discourse, serving as both a faithful representative of a now-lost ancient body and a kind of visual lexicon by which living women might revive ancient aesthetic and moral perfection. As constructions of aspirational physical ideals, the sculptures and the drawings of Venus are enlisted in a developing and deeply charged visualization of white American womanhood.","PeriodicalId":42730,"journal":{"name":"Classical Receptions Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2020-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1093/crj/claa015","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46432899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
American Archias: Cicero and The Souls of Black Folk 《美国阿奇亚斯:西塞罗与黑人的灵魂》
IF 0.2 3区 社会学
Classical Receptions Journal Pub Date : 2020-11-28 DOI: 10.1093/crj/claa016
David Withun
{"title":"American Archias: Cicero and The Souls of Black Folk","authors":"David Withun","doi":"10.1093/crj/claa016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/crj/claa016","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 While scholars have long noted the classical influences apparent in the style and thought of W. E. B. Du Bois, there has been little sustained discussion of the nature of these influences and their manifestations in his writings. This article seeks to correct that absence through an examination of the influence of Cicero’s Pro Archia poeta on Du Bois’s most well-known work, The Souls of Black Folk. Though Du Bois mentions many other authors in Souls, the Pro Archia is the only work of another author mentioned by name as a source for Du Bois’s thought. Extrapolating from this explicit reference to the Pro Archia as well as numerous other references to and influences by Cicero’s works throughout Du Bois’s oeuvre, I posit a two-fold influence of the Pro Archia on Souls as Du Bois draws upon the dual argument in Cicero’s work. First, Du Bois seeks to defend the civil rights of African Americans, drawing on Cicero’s argument for the legal status and citizenship rights of the poet Archias. Both Cicero and Du Bois go beyond mere legal argumentation, however, to provide a defence of the necessity of the liberal arts and a celebration of poets and their work.","PeriodicalId":42730,"journal":{"name":"Classical Receptions Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2020-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1093/crj/claa016","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44680211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Pyrrhonian Scepticism in Thomas Elyot's Defence of Good Women (1540) 托马斯·艾略特《为好女人辩护》中的皮罗尼主义怀疑主义(1540)
IF 0.2 3区 社会学
Classical Receptions Journal Pub Date : 2020-11-17 DOI: 10.1093/crj/claa014
Kosta Gligorijevic
{"title":"Pyrrhonian Scepticism in Thomas Elyot's Defence of Good Women (1540)","authors":"Kosta Gligorijevic","doi":"10.1093/crj/claa014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/crj/claa014","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This article discusses the first known mention of Pyrrhonian Scepticism in the English language, which occurs in Thomas Elyot’s 1540 Defence of Good Women. The article inquires into the sources of Elyot’s knowledge of Pyrrhonism and into his motivations for mentioning Pyrrhonists in a text on the social and political status of women. I conclude that, on the balance of evidence, the most likely source of Elyot’s ideas on Pyrrhonism is Galen’s De Temperamentis. Furthermore, I argue that the rejection of a straw man version of Pyrrhonism serves as a tool of authorial positioning for Elyot, and in particular as a means of reassuring his reader that the Defence is not intended ironically. Elyot chooses Pyrrhonism as a philosophical position representing bad faith arguments, and he likely does so because of the hostile treatment of Pyrrhonism in Galen’s works, and especially in De Temperamentis.","PeriodicalId":42730,"journal":{"name":"Classical Receptions Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2020-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1093/crj/claa014","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43079786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Spectacle of Helen in Euripides’ Helen and Marlowe’s Doctor Faustus 欧里庇得斯《海伦》和马洛《浮士德医生》中的海伦奇观
IF 0.2 3区 社会学
Classical Receptions Journal Pub Date : 2020-10-19 DOI: 10.1093/crj/claa005
Dustin W. Dixon, John S. Garrison
{"title":"The Spectacle of Helen in Euripides’ Helen and Marlowe’s Doctor Faustus","authors":"Dustin W. Dixon, John S. Garrison","doi":"10.1093/crj/claa005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/crj/claa005","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This essay traces a line of thought through post-Homeric receptions of Helen, taking as its primary case studies Euripides’ Helen and Christopher Marlowe’s Doctor Faustus. Both plays feature Helen as a figure for articulating the phenomenological challenges that audiences face when viewing mimetic art on the stage. This essay argues that these profoundly metatheatrical plays use scenes of characters’ seeing the distinctive beauty of Helen to compare the power of theatrical spectacle to witnessing the supernatural.","PeriodicalId":42730,"journal":{"name":"Classical Receptions Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2020-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1093/crj/claa005","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42806659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Thomas Carlyle and Stoicism 托马斯·卡莱尔和斯多葛主义
IF 0.2 3区 社会学
Classical Receptions Journal Pub Date : 2020-10-10 DOI: 10.1093/crj/claa008
Alexander Jordan
{"title":"Thomas Carlyle and Stoicism","authors":"Alexander Jordan","doi":"10.1093/crj/claa008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/crj/claa008","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Recent studies have pointed to the importance of Thomas Carlyle’s engagement with classical thought, especially Epicureanism and Cynicism. However, in these recent studies, Carlyle’s debts to Stoicism have received only passing attention. Previous scholars hardly considered the question at all, and those who did argued that Carlyle could never have accepted the passive withdrawal and indifference of the Stoics. By way of corrective, the current article offers a comprehensive account of Carlyle’s engagement with Stoicism, showing that he subscribed to an active interpretation of the latter that emphasized will, duty, and heroic action. Indeed, contemporaries were well aware of Carlyle’s debts to Stoicism, pointing out that his thought stood in stark contradiction to Christian doctrines of original sin. Thus, while Carlyle’s Stoicism was compatible with his hereditary Calvinism insofar as divine providence and duty were concerned, there was a significant contradiction regarding the question of sin. In this sense, Carlyle’s Stoicism made an important contribution to the ‘meliorist’ revolt against orthodox Christianity.","PeriodicalId":42730,"journal":{"name":"Classical Receptions Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2020-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1093/crj/claa008","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46521505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Ravenna on the Grand Tour: A View of Late Antiquity in the Eighteenth Century 拉文纳的大巡游：18世纪晚期古物观
IF 0.2 3区 社会学
Classical Receptions Journal Pub Date : 2020-10-02 DOI: 10.1093/crj/claa011
B. Thomas
{"title":"Ravenna on the Grand Tour: A View of Late Antiquity in the Eighteenth Century","authors":"B. Thomas","doi":"10.1093/crj/claa011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/crj/claa011","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Ravenna, the former grand capital of the late Roman and early Byzantine Empires and a popular modern UNESCO World Heritage site, is a city rarely included in major historical surveys of Italy during the Grand Tour. An exploration of period sources may reveal why: it was, for many centuries between the Middle Ages and the nineteenth century, a rundown parish town that was incredibly difficult to reach by conventional transportation. This article collates and deconstructs a number of Grand Tour sources in order to gain an understanding of Ravenna in the eighteenth century, and, further, an understanding of the contemporary attitudes towards post-Classical monuments and artwork. This exploration allows us to ask broader questions about Ravenna’s place on the Grand Tour. As a city with very little to offer in the way of Classical monuments, it slightly complicates our idea of classical reception on the Grand Tour and shows us how travellers navigated a place replete with late antique basilicas and Byzantine mosaics instead of marble sculptures and tombs.","PeriodicalId":42730,"journal":{"name":"Classical Receptions Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2020-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1093/crj/claa011","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48667658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Aural philology: Herder hears Homer singing 听觉文献学:牧人听到荷马的歌声
IF 0.2 3区 社会学
Classical Receptions Journal Pub Date : 2020-10-01 DOI: 10.1093/crj/claa007
Tanvi Solanki
{"title":"Aural philology: Herder hears Homer singing","authors":"Tanvi Solanki","doi":"10.1093/crj/claa007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/crj/claa007","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 In 1769, Johann Gottfried Herder describes a private reading experience of a remarkably paradoxical nature. He tells us that he can only read ‘his’ Homer properly when he hears Homer singing Greek, while silently reading and translating by means of his German thoughts and mother tongue. Herder’s performative reading is anchored in what I call aural philology, a method innovative in its emphasis on the aural dimension in reconstructively imagining historical epochs. It is one which demarcates cultural difference through practices of listening and their remediation into reading. The problem, for Herder, is how to constitute the particularity of the German people even in affective acts of reading that, however momentarily, suspend cultural differentiation through effects of presence. I distinguish Herder’s philology from Vico and others who emphasized the oral origins of the Homeric epic, along with recent theories of philology as an affective, aurally mediated process. The article is an alternative view on the role of media in enlightenment theories of literature and culture separate from Friedrich Kittler’s Discourse Networks 1800/1900. Herder’s aural philology identifies a moment in the history of aurality and cultural difference, one that does not move fixedly towards modernity.","PeriodicalId":42730,"journal":{"name":"Classical Receptions Journal","volume":"12 1","pages":"401-424"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2020-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1093/crj/claa007","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49090839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Corrigendum to: Aural Philology: Herder Hears Homer Singing 勘误表：听觉语言学：赫尔德听到荷马歌唱
IF 0.2 3区 社会学
Classical Receptions Journal Pub Date : 2020-10-01 DOI: 10.1093/crj/claa025
{"title":"Corrigendum to: Aural Philology: Herder Hears Homer Singing","authors":"","doi":"10.1093/crj/claa025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/crj/claa025","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":42730,"journal":{"name":"Classical Receptions Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2020-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1093/crj/claa025","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49403660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Medea is a Good Boy: performing, subverting, and unmasking tragic gender 美狄亚是个好男孩：表演、颠覆和揭露悲剧性别
IF 0.2 3区 社会学
Classical Receptions Journal Pub Date : 2020-10-01 DOI: 10.1093/crj/claa012
Oliver Baldwin
{"title":"Medea is a Good Boy: performing, subverting, and unmasking tragic gender","authors":"Oliver Baldwin","doi":"10.1093/crj/claa012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/crj/claa012","url":null,"abstract":"In 1981, the Spanish playwright Luis Riaza published the play Medea es un buen chico (Medea is a Good Boy). In it, two male actors perform the main roles of Medea and the Nurse, who comment, with references to other fictional love stories, on the relationship between Medea and Jason. When Jason fails to arrive, the fiction is dismantled, revealing Medea’s identity as Jason’s rejected homosexual lover. Medea es un buen chico mixes elements of performativity, meta-theatricality, and myth in order to explore the limits of gender, sexuality, and the perceived social roles and norms they entail. This article explores how Riaza theatrically reflects on the social performativity of gender through the tragic character and story of Medea, her performance and subversion of her own gendered self, and her eventual rejection and social displacement.","PeriodicalId":42730,"journal":{"name":"Classical Receptions Journal","volume":"12 1","pages":"486-501"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2020-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1093/crj/claa012","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44254894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Collective memory and Spanish cultural politics: the revival of the Roman theatre of Merida (1910–35) 集体记忆与西班牙文化政治:梅里达罗马剧院的复兴(1910-35)
IF 0.2 3区 社会学
Classical Receptions Journal Pub Date : 2020-10-01 DOI: 10.1093/crj/claa004
Vasileios Balaskas
{"title":"Collective memory and Spanish cultural politics: the revival of the Roman theatre of Merida (1910–35)","authors":"Vasileios Balaskas","doi":"10.1093/crj/claa004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/crj/claa004","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 In the twentieth century, ancient theatres acquired symbolic values through their excavation, restoration, and cultural reuse. While elsewhere in the Mediterranean comparable cases show an early and powerful engagement of a populace with their antiquities, in Spain national ideals did not automatically engage with classical culture. In the case of the Roman theatre of Merida, cultural and historical realities dictated a series of cultural events that repeatedly concerned collective memory. In addition to the main sequence of the unique occasions surrounding the 1933 and 1934 performances at the theatre, various other agencies had systematically focused on its exploitation from the 1910s. These initiatives were endorsed by numerous formal visits and cultural events that took place in the theatre, from as early as 1914. Through successive spectacles staged at the theatre, a cultural tradition emerged, while political agendas occasionally exploited its increasing popularity, right up to the Spanish Civil War.","PeriodicalId":42730,"journal":{"name":"Classical Receptions Journal","volume":"12 1","pages":"470-485"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2020-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47300489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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