{"title":"Fault detection and classification in permanent magnet synchronous machines using Fast Fourier Transform and Linear Discriminant Analysis","authors":"Reemon Z. Haddad, E. Strangas","doi":"10.1109/DEMPED.2013.6645703","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/DEMPED.2013.6645703","url":null,"abstract":"The main objective of this paper is to propose a method to detect the presence of a fault in Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machines (PMSMs), determine the type of that fault and estimate the severity in the case of eccentricity fault. In this paper, three types of faults are discussed: static eccentricity, inter-turn short circuit, and demagnetization faults. The machine is controlled using a three phase current source and the harmonics of the stator voltage are used as detailed features for the classifier for fault detection. Two dimensional (2-D) Finite Element Analysis (FEA) is used to model and simulate the machine under healthy and faulty conditions. Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) analysis is performed to the phase voltage signal to detect the frequency spectrum and Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA) is chosen as a classification method. To validate the method, two different types of PMSMs are tested: the first with a concentrated winding and the second with a series distributed winding. The tests are applied for different operation loads.","PeriodicalId":425644,"journal":{"name":"2013 9th IEEE International Symposium on Diagnostics for Electric Machines, Power Electronics and Drives (SDEMPED)","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121840448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Power MOSFET failure and degradation mechanisms in flyback topology under high temperature and high humidity conditions","authors":"Ilkka Vaalasranta, J. Pippola, L. Frisk","doi":"10.1109/DEMPED.2013.6645691","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/DEMPED.2013.6645691","url":null,"abstract":"This article describes observations about power MOSFET failures and degradation experienced during accelerated testing involving high temperature and high humidity stresses. The examined power MOSFETs were operated in commercial variable speed drives in flyback transformer topology as power switches. Known power MOSFET failure mechanisms are summarized and electrical stresses typical for the flyback topology are reviewed. In addition, effects of electrical stresses due to power interruptions were studied. The power MOSFET failure analysis results are presented. The visual appearance of the samples with catastrophic damage was examined with such analysis methods as X-ray, acoustic microscopy (SAM) and optical microscopy. The samples with no obvious failures were also analyzed in research for electrically measurable failure precursor parameters to characterize the physical degradation of the devices. Under these test circumstances, the power MOSFET channel off-resistance RDS-off was discovered to have degraded. This resistive leakage phenomenon was also visualized with backside OBIRCH technique.","PeriodicalId":425644,"journal":{"name":"2013 9th IEEE International Symposium on Diagnostics for Electric Machines, Power Electronics and Drives (SDEMPED)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115640200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Exploitation of induction machine's high-frequency behavior for online insulation monitoring","authors":"P. Nussbaumer, M. Vogelsberger, T. Wolbank","doi":"10.1109/DEMPED.2013.6645773","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/DEMPED.2013.6645773","url":null,"abstract":"The trend to increased energy efficiency and profitable capital expenditure leads to the operation of drive systems at or near their rated values and to increased running time. Thus, down time due to machine breakdown (e.g. in a traction drive) leads to high economic losses for the operator. Furthermore, the breakdown of safety-critical devices may lead to dangerous situations. Due to the above stated reasons the demand for operation reliability is constantly increasing. The fast switching of the voltage source inverter (VSI) in adjustable speed drives (ASD) leads to increased stress for the winding insulation. Thus, it gets even more important to monitor the condition of the insulation in inverter-fed drives. Degradation of the insulation results in an alteration of the machine's high-frequency behavior. The proposed method is capable of detecting such changes by evaluation of the transient current reaction on inverter switching.","PeriodicalId":425644,"journal":{"name":"2013 9th IEEE International Symposium on Diagnostics for Electric Machines, Power Electronics and Drives (SDEMPED)","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127989409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"On-line inter-turn short-circuit detection in permanent magnet synchronous generators","authors":"B. Aubert, J. Régnier, S. Caux, D. Alejo","doi":"10.1109/DEMPED.2013.6645736","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/DEMPED.2013.6645736","url":null,"abstract":"This paper focus on inter-turn short-circuit detection in Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generators (PMSG). Inter-turn short-circuit current are among the most critical in the PMSG. For safety considerations, a fast detection is required when a fault occurs. In this work, a fault indicator for on-line diagnosis is proposed. Based on a faulty PMSG model expressed in Park's reference frame, the number of short-circuited turns is estimated using Extended Kalman Filter (EKF). Simulation and experimental results are provided to demonstrate the quickness and the robustness of the fault indicator with regards to various operating points on an electrical network.","PeriodicalId":425644,"journal":{"name":"2013 9th IEEE International Symposium on Diagnostics for Electric Machines, Power Electronics and Drives (SDEMPED)","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128382990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Inter-turn fault detection in five-phase pmsms. Effects of the fault severity","authors":"H. Saavedra, J. Riba, L. Romeral","doi":"10.1109/DEMPED.2013.6645764","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/DEMPED.2013.6645764","url":null,"abstract":"This paper deals with the effects of inter-turn short circuit faults in five-phase permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSMs). For this purpose a finite-elements model (FEM) of a faulty machine with 1, 2 and 4 inter-turns in short circuit is analyzed. From the results of this model the effects of these fault severities in the stator currents and zero-sequence voltage components (ZSVC) harmonics is analyzed and the possibility of developing a fault diagnosis scheme based on the changes in their spectral content is exposed. Moreover, the effect of the fault severity on the total power losses in the machine is presented. Inter-turn faults generate large circulating currents which may lead to catastrophic failures. Therefore it is very important to know the increase in power losses in the machine due to the occurrence of such faults for applying corrective actions at the precise time once the fault has been diagnosed.","PeriodicalId":425644,"journal":{"name":"2013 9th IEEE International Symposium on Diagnostics for Electric Machines, Power Electronics and Drives (SDEMPED)","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121432342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. G. Norniella, J. Cano, G. A. Orcajo, C. Rojas, J. Pedrayes, M. F. Cabanas, M. G. Melero
{"title":"Detection of coupling inductor faults in three-phase adjustable speed drives with direct power control-based active front-end rectifiers","authors":"J. G. Norniella, J. Cano, G. A. Orcajo, C. Rojas, J. Pedrayes, M. F. Cabanas, M. G. Melero","doi":"10.1109/DEMPED.2013.6645765","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/DEMPED.2013.6645765","url":null,"abstract":"Inductors are utilized as the typical filtering option in three-phase adjustable speed drives (ASDs) with an active front-end rectifier (AFE) controlled by the so-called direct power control (DPC) method. Faults in the coupling inductors are one of the possible causes of failure in those systems. In this paper, a new algorithm for the early detection of coupling inductor faults in DPC-based AFEs of ASDs is presented. Most of these faults involve variations of the coil inductance value, as in the case of inter-turn short circuits. The proposed algorithm estimates and tracks the coupling inductance value to achieve a correct diagnosis. Therefore, a major system breakdown can be avoided. The algorithm also provides the identification of the winding where the fault occurs.","PeriodicalId":425644,"journal":{"name":"2013 9th IEEE International Symposium on Diagnostics for Electric Machines, Power Electronics and Drives (SDEMPED)","volume":"57 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134601846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
E. Fournier, A. Picot, J. Regnierl, M. T. Yamdeu, J. Andrejak, P. Maussion
{"title":"On the use of Spectral Kurtosis for diagnosis of electrical machines","authors":"E. Fournier, A. Picot, J. Regnierl, M. T. Yamdeu, J. Andrejak, P. Maussion","doi":"10.1109/DEMPED.2013.6645700","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/DEMPED.2013.6645700","url":null,"abstract":"This paper explores the efficiency of Spectral Kurtosis (SK) in the area of electrical machines diagnosis. In the literature, Spectral Kurtosis is mainly presented as a tool used to detect non-stationary components in a signal. However, classical use of SK is unsuitable for detection of new stationary components or slow evolutions in a spectrum. In order to detect different types of faults, three indicators are designed from the original definition of the Spectral Kurtosis. These indicators are first tested and compared on synthetic signals. Then, their performance are demonstrated for unbalance detection in a Induction Machine (IM) using current signal.","PeriodicalId":425644,"journal":{"name":"2013 9th IEEE International Symposium on Diagnostics for Electric Machines, Power Electronics and Drives (SDEMPED)","volume":"147 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132290392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Partial discharge measurements in electrical machines controlled by variable speed drives: From design validation to permanent PD monitoring","authors":"L. Fornasari, A. Caprara, G. Montanari","doi":"10.1109/DEMPED.2013.6645744","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/DEMPED.2013.6645744","url":null,"abstract":"The new IEC 60034-18-41 Standard deals with Partial Discharge (PD) measurements on random wound electrical rotating machines controlled by Variable Speed Drives (VSD). It settles down guidelines for PD measurements during both off-line and on-line conditions. The research work described in the current paper applies IEC standard requirements regarding the measurement setup, showing working cases where this approach was successful. The main purpose was not only to check for the presence of PD phenomena during design validation under specified stress conditions, but also to detect and monitor PD behavior versus time during service conditions.","PeriodicalId":425644,"journal":{"name":"2013 9th IEEE International Symposium on Diagnostics for Electric Machines, Power Electronics and Drives (SDEMPED)","volume":"59 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133452326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Induction motor stator faults diagnosis by using parameter estimation algorithms","authors":"F. Duan, R. Zivanovic","doi":"10.1109/DEMPED.2013.6645728","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/DEMPED.2013.6645728","url":null,"abstract":"Parameter estimation is a cost-effective method for fault detection of induction motors. This method is based on detecting change of the characteristic parameters at presence of fault. However, the challenge of parameter estimation is nonlinearity of a machine model which results in multiple local minima involved during the computation process. This paper investigates the suitability of local and global search methods to be used in the estimation of characteristic parameters that are indicating stator short circuit faults. Results of practical case studies are presented where two search methods (local and global) are evaluated and compared. A further study in noisy environment proves the feasibility of diagnosing the fault based on stator currents with low signal to noise ratio.","PeriodicalId":425644,"journal":{"name":"2013 9th IEEE International Symposium on Diagnostics for Electric Machines, Power Electronics and Drives (SDEMPED)","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134402474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A new method to separate broken rotor failures and low frequency load oscillations in three-phase induction motor","authors":"T. Goktas, M. Arkan, O. Ozguven","doi":"10.1109/DEMPED.2013.6645706","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/DEMPED.2013.6645706","url":null,"abstract":"For a time-varying loads, the presence of load fluctuation may sometimes have the same effect as broken rotor failure in a stator current of induction motors. In recent years, many methods, which are used to distinguish these two effects, have been published. In this study, a new method, which is based on Analytical Signal Angular Fluctuation (ASAF) signal, is developed to separate effects of load oscillation from broken rotor bar, especially when load oscillation is close to twice slip frequency. The simulation results are presented for the proposed method to show that, discerning broken rotor bar faults from low frequency load oscillation is possible. The developed method is independent of motor parameters.","PeriodicalId":425644,"journal":{"name":"2013 9th IEEE International Symposium on Diagnostics for Electric Machines, Power Electronics and Drives (SDEMPED)","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115658259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}