Jordan Journal of Physics最新文献_第2页

Optical Setup for Investigating the Hyperpolarizability of Organic Nanostructure Materials in Solutions Using Electric Field Induced Second Harmonic Generation 利用电场诱导二次谐波产生研究有机纳米结构材料在溶液中超极化率的光学装置

Jordan Journal of Physics Pub Date : 2023-08-31 DOI: 10.47011/16.3.11

{"title":"Optical Setup for Investigating the Hyperpolarizability of Organic Nanostructure Materials in Solutions Using Electric Field Induced Second Harmonic Generation","authors":"","doi":"10.47011/16.3.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47011/16.3.11","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: In this paper, an optical setup for electric field-induced second-harmonic generation (EFISH) at 1.9 μm experiment was arranged and used to investigate and determine the hyperpolarizability of some nanostructure organic components in two different solutions. First, a laser beam at 1.9 μm was generated by pumping a hydrogen Raman cell pressurized to 55 bar with 10 Hz Q-switched Nd: YAG nanosecond laser operating at λ = 1.064 μm. Next, the generated laser beam was aligned with all optical components within the assembly. The final step was to optimize the beam’s power and polarization at the center of the EFSH cell. Different nanostructure organic samples in solutions were prepared with nearly the same standard concentration of about 5 mmol/L to be investigated under the optimized system. Two solvents were used in this work, dichloromethane, or DCM (CH2Cl2), and chloroform, or trichloromethane (CHCl3). First, the harmonic order hyperpolarizability of five organic molecules in solutions with different chemical components such as quinolinium groups and organic boron complexes (supplied by the Chemistry Department at Catania University, Italy) were experimentally investigated experimentally. Only component (2-(2-[5′-(N,N-dimethylamino)-(2,2′-bithiophen)-5-yl]vinyl)-1-methyquinolin-1-ium iodide) in chloroform showed a significant difference in Maker fringes amplitude of the applied electrical field in comparison with fringes of its pure solvent. The value ofμfor this component has been calculated as 1320 x 10-48 esu. This value indicates that the component is a suitable candidate for use in second-harmonic generation imaging for biological applications. Keywords: Electric field-induced second-harmonic generation (EFISH), Harmonic light, Organic materials, hyperpolarizability. PACS: Nonlinear optics, 42.65.-k, Electric fields, instrumentation for measurement, 07.50.-e, Organic-inorganic hybrid nanostructures, 81.07.Pr, Organic materials optical materials, 42.70.Jk","PeriodicalId":42562,"journal":{"name":"Jordan Journal of Physics","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136035916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Electron Emission from High-Purity Copper Wires 高纯度铜线的电子发射

Jordan Journal of Physics Pub Date : 2023-06-30 DOI: 10.47011/16.2.12

{"title":"Electron Emission from High-Purity Copper Wires","authors":"","doi":"10.47011/16.2.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47011/16.2.12","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Field electron emission measurements were carried out on copper of 99.95% purity emitters, with apex radii in the nano and micrometer range. Samples have been prepared by electrochemical etching using phosphoric acid (H3PO4) solution. Measurements have been carried out under high vacuum environments with a base pressure of 10-7 mbar. Samples were installed in a field electron microscope (FEM) with an anode (tip)-to-cathode (screen) distance of 10 mm. Scanning electron microscope images, electrons spatial distribution behavior, and the current-voltage characteristics (I-V) have been studied and analyzed. Copper emitters have been prepared as electron sources and tested. The results showed a typical current-voltage characteristic from a coat emitter. The scanning electron microscope showed the sample geometry and cleanness. These copper electron emitters have been found to have significant aspects (high voltage breakdown mechanism) affecting the performance of advanced systems such as the electronic accelerator of The European Organization for Nuclear Research, known as CERN. This work aims to study this type of material to understand the high voltage breakdown phenomena in copper and the reasons behind it to provide a solution to such phenomena. Keywords: Field electron emission, Current-voltage characteristics, Copper tips, High vacuum.","PeriodicalId":42562,"journal":{"name":"Jordan Journal of Physics","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136366132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Investigation of the Effects of Yb and Nd Doping and Operating Temperature on CeO2 Photocatalyst Properties Yb和Nd掺杂及操作温度对CeO2光催化剂性能影响的研究

Jordan Journal of Physics Pub Date : 2023-06-30 DOI: 10.47011/16.2.10

引用次数: 0

Thermophysical Assessment of Lead Magnesium Alloy at Different Temperatures 铅镁合金在不同温度下的热物理性能评价

Jordan Journal of Physics Pub Date : 2023-06-30 DOI: 10.47011/16.2.3

引用次数: 0

In-situ Radiometric Assessment of UNESCO World Heritage Sites in Kathmandu Valley of Nepal Using Gamma Ray Spectrometry 利用伽玛射线能谱法对尼泊尔加德满都谷地联合国教科文组织世界遗产地进行现场辐射评估

Jordan Journal of Physics Pub Date : 2023-06-30 DOI: 10.47011/16.2.9

{"title":"In-situ Radiometric Assessment of UNESCO World Heritage Sites in Kathmandu Valley of Nepal Using Gamma Ray Spectrometry","authors":"","doi":"10.47011/16.2.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47011/16.2.9","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: The paper presents the results of rapid in-situ radiometric assessment of the seven UNESCO Cultural World Heritage Sites of the Kathmandu Valley in Nepal. The geological condition of the valley and NORM present in the building materials of Heritage Sites can increase gamma exposure and, therefore, be hazardous to the public and the environment. The objective of the study is to provide baseline data of annual effective dose (AED) and to assess associated health risks in the surrounding area of World Heritage Sites. The average absorbed dose rates in air and mass concentrations of radioelement 40K, 238U, and 232Th are measured in the range 120.907±11.121 to 152.320±15.072 nGy/h, 2.785±0.734 to 3.458±0.802%, 6.599±2.965 to 8.778±3.379 ppm and 17.744±+5.897 to 25.137±6.959 ppm, respectively. The dose rates contributed by the particular gamma radionuclides are also calculated. The statistical analysis shows that the distribution of dose rates is asymmetric with positive skewness. The dose rates have a high and positive correlation with the mass concentrations of radioelements. From the average measured absorbed dose rate, the AED and excess lifetime cancer risk (ELCR) are estimated. Despite the dose rate being higher than the global average value, it does not pose any radiological health risks to visitors or the public living in the vicinity (<1 mSv/y). Keywords: Mass concentration, AED, Building material, In-situ measurement, Gamma radiation, UNESCO sites.","PeriodicalId":42562,"journal":{"name":"Jordan Journal of Physics","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136365807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Theoretical Study of Intermixing in Au/Si System under Swift Heavy Ion Irradiation 快速重离子辐照下Au/Si体系混合的理论研究

Jordan Journal of Physics Pub Date : 2023-06-30 DOI: 10.47011/16.2.2

{"title":"Theoretical Study of Intermixing in Au/Si System under Swift Heavy Ion Irradiation","authors":"","doi":"10.47011/16.2.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47011/16.2.2","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: The behavior of the metallic multilayer Au100Å/Si100Å/Si under swift heavy ion irradiation has been studied within the inelastic thermal spike model. Gold has been chosen due to its insensitivity to irradiation. The heat transport in the electronic and lattice subsystem has been simulated using a three-dimensional numerical code that includes the energy transfer between the layers in a direction perpendicular to layer surfaces. The simulations have been done for four kinds of ions Pb, Xe, Kr, and Ar, at a specific energy of 3Mev/amu in order to study the influence of the electronic stopping power on the intermixing process. The results show that for Pb, Xe, and Kr, intermixing at the interface of Au/Si has been obtained. However, no mixing has been observed with Ar. Furthermore, the value of the interdiffusion coefficient for Au has been estimated to be approximately 11x10-4 cm2 s-1, which is characteristic of the liquid phase and, thus, supports the thermal spike model of mixing. For comparison, similar thermal spike simulations have been applied to Ti100Å/Si100Å/Si under the same irradiation conditions. We have found that Ti, which is a sensitive material, exhibits considerable intermixing with Si during Pb, Xe, and Kr irradiation. Whereas, a weak intermixing has been found after Ar irradiation; this is completely different from what has been observed in the Au/Si system. Keywords: Irradiation, Swift heavy ions, Thermal spike model, Ion beam mixing. PACS: 61.80.Az, 61.80.Jh, 61.80.LJ.","PeriodicalId":42562,"journal":{"name":"Jordan Journal of Physics","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136365808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Green Synthesized TiO2-SnO2 Nanocomposite for the Photocatalytic Degradation of Methylene Blue Dye 合成TiO2-SnO2纳米复合材料光催化降解亚甲基蓝染料

Jordan Journal of Physics Pub Date : 2023-06-30 DOI: 10.47011/16.2.6

{"title":"Green Synthesized TiO2-SnO2 Nanocomposite for the Photocatalytic Degradation of Methylene Blue Dye","authors":"","doi":"10.47011/16.2.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47011/16.2.6","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: TiO2-SnO2 nanocomposite was prepared by green synthesis method with the help of the Allium sativum extract obtained from garlic cloves. The green synthesized TiO2-SnO2 nanocomposite was characterized by XRD, SEM, EDS, Raman, ATR-FTIR, and UV-Visible spectroscopy. The XRD pattern reveals the polycrystalline nature of the synthesized nanocomposite and indicates the simultaneous presence of anatase and rutile phases of TiO2, along with SnO2. The calculated average crystallite size is 11.79 nm. The SEM images give the concept of surface morphologies of the synthesized nanocomposite. EDS spectrum detects the presence of Ti, Sn, and O in the synthesized nanocomposite material. The Raman spectrum confirms the chemical compositions. ATR-FTIR spectrum shows the presence of organic components of garlic as functional groups in the synthesized nanocomposite. The Tauc plot obtained from the UV-Visible spectral data displays the direct and indirect band gap values of 3.97 and 3.25 eV, respectively. Moreover, the present study investigates the effect of the synthesized nanocomposite’s concentration on the photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue (MB) dye. The aqueous suspension of TiO2-SnO2 nanocomposite photocatalyst with a concentration of 1.5 mg/mL exhibits maximum photocatalytic activity. Keywords: Green synthesis, TiO2-SnO2 nanocomposite, Allium sativum extract, Photocatalytic activity, Methylene blue.","PeriodicalId":42562,"journal":{"name":"Jordan Journal of Physics","volume":"110 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136366127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Mapping of Alpha Emitters for Soil Samples in Kufa Districts, Iraq 伊拉克库法地区土壤样品α辐射源的测绘

Jordan Journal of Physics Pub Date : 2023-06-30 DOI: 10.47011/16.2.7

引用次数: 0

Exact Treatment of the Infinite Square Well in One Dimension with λδ^' (x) Potential λδ^ (x)势一维无限大方阱的精确处理

Jordan Journal of Physics Pub Date : 2023-06-30 DOI: 10.47011/16.2.11

引用次数: 0

Gamma-ray Spectrometry and X-ray Fluorescence Analysis for Natural Radioactivity Evaluation Associated with Radiation Hazard in Construction Materials 与建筑材料辐射危害相关的天然放射性评价的伽马射线能谱法和x射线荧光分析

Jordan Journal of Physics Pub Date : 2023-06-30 DOI: 10.47011/16.2.8

{"title":"Gamma-ray Spectrometry and X-ray Fluorescence Analysis for Natural Radioactivity Evaluation Associated with Radiation Hazard in Construction Materials","authors":"","doi":"10.47011/16.2.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47011/16.2.8","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: This paper had threefold objectives: 1) to evaluate the natural radioactivity using the gamma spectrometry technique, 2) to correct the gamma self-absorption using the transmission method, and 3) to perform mineralogical analysis using the X-ray fluorescence (XRF) analyzer in seven different types of construction materials. The transmission method was used to measure the linear attenuation coefficient µ(E) of the samples as well as their standards at different energetic points. Next, the µ(E) coefficients were used to calculate the self-absorption correction factors (Cauto), and then they were introduced in a simplified formula to correct the fraction of the attenuated gamma radiation inside the traveled medium. Moreover, the quantitative assessment of natural radioactive elements (238U, 232Th, and 40K) was done in different geological matrices. The results have shown that the mean absorbed dose and the annual average dose received by these materials are 40.65 nGy.h-1and 0.2 mSv.y-1, respectively. According to the United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation (UNSCEAR), the obtained values in no way pose a risk to human health. For compositional analysis, the X-ray fluorescence (XRF) analyzer was used to determine the concentrations of the major oxides (SiO2, CaO, CO2, and Al2O3) along with other oxides in all collected samples. The compositional results show that the self-absorption correction factors varied depending on the density and chemical composition of a sample. The XRF data shows that the mineralogical compositions are within their recommended limit. Thus, from a health safety perspective, the composition of the minerals does not pose any significant risks. Keywords: Gamma Spectrometry, Natural Radioactivity, Construction Materials, Radiological Hazard, Self-Absorption. PACS NaI(Tl): Sodium iodide (NaI) detector activated by thallium (Tl), XRF: X-Ray Fluorescence.","PeriodicalId":42562,"journal":{"name":"Jordan Journal of Physics","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136366124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0