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The impact of article title on the interpretation of scientific research 文章标题对科学研究解释的影响

St open Pub Date : 2023-07-12 DOI: 10.48188/so.4.8

Marica Barać, Ivana / Buljan

{"title":"The impact of article title on the interpretation of scientific research","authors":"Marica Barać, Ivana / Buljan","doi":"10.48188/so.4.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48188/so.4.8","url":null,"abstract":"Aims: Interpretation and comprehension of the available health information may be a difficult task for the public, since previous studies have shown that understanding scientific articles can be difficult for lay people. This study aimed to determine whether title incongruence with the conclusions of the study affects readers’ interpretation and understanding of the read content.Methods: We conducted a randomized trial via an online survey using abbreviated summaries of two scientific articles (named “Breakfast” and “Music” trial groups), each of which had a title congruent or incongruent with the conclusion. The participants were adults (n=283), women (81.6%), aged over 30 (53.7%) and with higher education (77.4%); 149 participants took part in the “Breakfast” group, and 134 participants took part in the “Music” group. The primary outcome was text comprehension measured by a correct answer to the question about the conclusion in the summaries.Results: In both trial groups, we found no differences in answer to the questions about whether the title was congruent or incongruent with the conclusion of the summaries. In the “Breakfast” group, an essential predictor factor for a correct answer was a higher score on knowledge dimensions, while in the “Music” group correct answer predictors, except higher scores on knowledge dimensions, were family physician and search of domestic health websites as sources of health information. Finally, the knowledge score was the only predictor in the overall logistic regression model, where data from both groups was merged (Cox & Snell R2=0.32).Conclusion: The title does not affect making of conclusions based on scientific information, which means that people rely on the read article content or some other part of the article other than the title itself.","PeriodicalId":422483,"journal":{"name":"St open","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116430003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

How much are the IMRaD structures of diploma theses and original research articles similar? A cross-sectional analysis of diploma theses from the Dental Medicine study in Split 文凭论文和原创研究论文的IMRaD结构有多少相似之处?斯普利特牙科医学研究毕业论文的横断面分析

St open Pub Date : 2023-07-03 DOI: 10.48188/so.4.7

I. Delić, D. Kero

{"title":"How much are the IMRaD structures of diploma theses and original research articles similar? A cross-sectional analysis of diploma theses from the Dental Medicine study in Split","authors":"I. Delić, D. Kero","doi":"10.48188/so.4.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48188/so.4.7","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To investigate how much the IMRaD structure of diploma theses defended in graduate Study of Dental Medicine at University of Split School of Medicine is compatible with that of the original research articles, considering the proportions of IMRaD sections – Introduction, Methods, Results and Discussion.Materials and methods: 150 diploma theses defended between 2016 and 2021 were collected from the Digital Academic Archives and Repositories (DABAR) and compared with 150 original research articles published in five dental scientific journals during the same period. The length of each IMRaD section in diploma theses and original research articles was measured using the Word Count in MS Office Word and expressed as the number of words. The overall length of IMRaD structure was calculated by adding the length of each IMRaD section. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and linear regression.Results: On average, the overall length of IMRaD structure of diploma theses was longer than that of the original research articles. On average, the longest section in diploma theses was the Introduction (occupied almost 50% the overall length of IMRaD structure). In the average original research article, the Introduction section occupied about 15% of the overall length of IMRaD structure, while the Discussion was the longest section. The highest correlation with the overall length of IMRaD structure in diploma theses was found for Introduction (R=0.82; R2=0.67; P<0.001). In original research articles, the Discussion section was most highly correlated with the overall length of IMRaD structure (R=0.62; R2=0.38; P<0.001).Conclusion: The IMRaD structure of diploma theses defended in graduate Study of Dental Medicine in Split differs from the structure of original research articles published in dental scientific journals. Diploma theses have a comparatively longer introduction and shorter discussion section than original research articles.","PeriodicalId":422483,"journal":{"name":"St open","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128996576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Ballistic injury to the neck in a soldier injured in the war in Ukraine 乌克兰战争中受伤士兵的颈部弹道损伤

St open Pub Date : 2023-06-23 DOI: 10.48188/so.4.6

Dmytro Mialkovskyi, Iurii Mikheiev, Oleksandr Yegorov, Kostiantyn Deinichenko, Vitalii Lukiianchuk

{"title":"Ballistic injury to the neck in a soldier injured in the war in Ukraine","authors":"Dmytro Mialkovskyi, Iurii Mikheiev, Oleksandr Yegorov, Kostiantyn Deinichenko, Vitalii Lukiianchuk","doi":"10.48188/so.4.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48188/so.4.6","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction and relevance: Penetrating neck trauma results in a 10% mortality rate for patients and management can be challenging, often requiring a multidisciplinary approach.Methods: This is a case report of a 33-year-old male patient who received a neck gunshot through the oral cavity during close combat on the south front of the Ukrainian-Russian war in January 2023.Clinical discussion: A CT scan revealed a foreign body in the neck on the right side, between the mastoid process and the right jaw angle. A CT scan with contrast revealed a foreign body in the neck – a bullet – and helped with observing relations to surrounding tissues and following the bullet’s trajectory. The multidisciplinary team performed surgery for foreign body removal. As a first step, carotid arteries and the internal jugular vein were dissected and looped to control potential bleeding. The bullet was 7.62 caliber. The patient recovered well with minimal postoperative complications, including hypoglossal and facial nerve neuropathy, which resolved in two weeks.Conclusion: The proximity gunshot resulted in unexpectedly moderate tissue injury, but regardless of the relatively low destruction of palate tissue, the location of the foreign body near carotid arteries made the surgery approach challenging.","PeriodicalId":422483,"journal":{"name":"St open","volume":"76 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139368897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Association between catastrophizing, postoperative pain, and injury severity in soldiers injured during the first year of the war in Ukraine 乌克兰战争第一年受伤士兵的灾难、术后疼痛和损伤严重程度之间的关系

St open Pub Date : 2023-06-20 DOI: 10.48188/so.4.5

D. Dmytriiev, O. Nazarchuk, Leonarda Gambiroža, Irma Nina Orlandić, Livia Puljak, D. Sapunar

{"title":"Association between catastrophizing, postoperative pain, and injury severity in soldiers injured during the first year of the war in Ukraine","authors":"D. Dmytriiev, O. Nazarchuk, Leonarda Gambiroža, Irma Nina Orlandić, Livia Puljak, D. Sapunar","doi":"10.48188/so.4.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48188/so.4.5","url":null,"abstract":"Aims: The aim of this study was to investigate the associ-ation between catastrophizing, postoperative pain, and in-jury severity following war-related injuries among soldiers injured during the first year of the war in Ukraine.Methods: This cross-sectional study included 135 patients with war-related injuries treated at the Center of Thermal Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery of the Vinnytsia re-gional University hospital in Ukraine between August 2022 and November 2022. Following surgical treatment, patients’ catastrophizing was assessed using the Ukrainian version of the Pain Catastrophizing Scale (UA-PCS) and correlated with the pain levels assessed with the numerical rating scale (NRS), and the scores obtained with Injury Severity Score (ISS) and the Combat Exposure Scale (CES). The poten-tial pre-existing traumatic events in a participant’s lifetime were assessed with The Life Events Checklist for DSM-5 (LEC-5).Results: Multiple regression analyses showed no significant association between the PCS total score and demographic variables of age, gender, marital status, education, duration of military service, or time from injury. Only 3.6% of the variance in the catastrophizing scores was accountable for the contribution of independent demographic variables. We found a moderate positive correlation between catastroph-izing scores (including all the subscales) with pain NRS, ISS, and CES scores. The pain NRS, ISS, and CES scores account for 43.4% of the variability of PCS scores. Previous traumat-ic events did not contribute to the catastrophizing scores.Conclusion: Our study describes a positive association be-tween catastrophizing, sustained injuries, combat expo-sure, and postoperative pain. Since our sample consists of injured soldiers that were young and healthy before suffering major war-related polytrauma, our study offers a unique perspective, different from all other previous studies in which catastrophizing was investigated in a ci-vilian population.","PeriodicalId":422483,"journal":{"name":"St open","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131177122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The God of faith and (or) the God of the philosophers in the light of the conversion of Blaise Pascal 信仰的上帝和(或)哲学家的上帝根据布莱兹·帕斯卡的皈依

St open Pub Date : 2023-05-10 DOI: 10.48188/so.4.4

Stipe Mlikotić, Ante Vučković

{"title":"The God of faith and (or) the God of the philosophers in the light of the conversion of Blaise Pascal","authors":"Stipe Mlikotić, Ante Vučković","doi":"10.48188/so.4.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48188/so.4.4","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: To discuss the relationship between God as understood in philosophy and God as understood by the Christian faith in the light of the conversion of the scientist Blaise Pascal.Methods: We offered an explanation of the philosophemeattributable to Blaise Pascal, and then examined the mean-ing of the phrase God of the philosophers, with special at-tention to Plato’s and Aristotle’s theology, and then assessed the prominent features of the Christian God. The Hellenistic environment in which early Christianity spread and its influence on early Christian theology were analysed, with special emphasis on the term logos.Results: Blaise Pascal’s Christian faith was not in accordance with Catholic Church, although Pascal considered himself a Catholic. We demonstrated that term God of philosophers is ambiguous term, i.e. what that God is. It appears that most probably God of philosophers is god of Aristotle or Plato because these two philosophers had the biggest impact on the evolution of natural theology. The God of philosophersis more like an impersonal concept than a person like God of faith. We presented the essential features of the Christian God: the doctrine of the Trinity, God’s creation, God’s per-sonality and God’s incarnation, and discussed on the differ-ent understandings of the term logos, and its importance. For us, the term logos served as a point of contact between the philosophical and the Christian understanding of God. Conclusion: Christianity is a faith based on reason, i.e. in Christian God can be known through reason and not just by faith. We tried to go beyond Pascal’s radical distinction between the God of faith and the God of the philosophers, namely through the lens of the philosophical term logos and show the there is no radical difference between the God of faith and God of philosophers","PeriodicalId":422483,"journal":{"name":"St open","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127197337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Cross-sectional analysis of relationship between strategic orientation, structural arrangements and size of enterprises in Croatia – a pilot study 克罗地亚战略方向、结构安排和企业规模之间关系的横断面分析-一项试验性研究

St open Pub Date : 2023-05-05 DOI: 10.48188/so.4.3

Danijela Mihanović, I. Matić

{"title":"Cross-sectional analysis of relationship between strategic orientation, structural arrangements and size of enterprises in Croatia – a pilot study","authors":"Danijela Mihanović, I. Matić","doi":"10.48188/so.4.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48188/so.4.3","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To investigate the relationship between the two basic constructs of organizational design, strategic orienta-tion, and structural arrangements, as well as to re-examine the role of enterprise size in the variations of both con-structs.Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out by regu-lar mail in the first half of 2019, using already existing and empirically validated measurement instruments for the constructs of strategic orientation and organizational struc-ture characteristics. Management board representatives or managing directors of the contacted enterprises were asked for their views on the situation in their enterprise in rela-tion to the researched constructs. Descriptive and bivariate statistical analyses were performed.Results: On the sample of 37 enterprises, the strategic orien-tation ‘analyzer enterprise’ was predominant. In addition, organic organizational structure characteristics slightly prevailed over mechanistic characteristics. A regression analysis was carried out, establishing a positive relation-ship between strategic orientation and organizational structure characteristics (R2=0.160; P=0.014), especially with communication as a characteristic of mentioned organiza-tional structure (R2=0.239; P=0.002). T-tests confirmed the significance of the role of enterprise size for organizational structure characteristics (P=0.067). In other words, larger enterprises tend to foster mechanistic organizational struc-ture characteristics. Variations in the types of strategic ori-entation of enterprises were not related to the size of those enterprises (P=0.296).Conclusion: The design and adaptation of organizational and structural arrangements of enterprises are related to their selected strategic orientation. An increase in enter-prise size inevitably leads to more rigid mechanistic struc-tural arrangements, while the status of a small enterprise does not automatically imply the ‘prospector’ strategic ori-entation or the successful development and implementa-tion of innovations.","PeriodicalId":422483,"journal":{"name":"St open","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122251626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Stochastic gravitational-wave background on large cosmological scales 大宇宙尺度上的随机引力波背景

St open Pub Date : 2023-04-21 DOI: 10.48188/so.4.2

Tamara Rom

引用次数: 0

The impact of war on cytopathological practice in Ukraine 战争对乌克兰细胞病理学实践的影响

St open Pub Date : 2023-04-05 DOI: 10.48188/so.4.1

O. Sulaieva, P. Botsun, O. Koshyk, Iryna Omelianenko, Mariia Burkatska, I. Panko, Tetyana Meged, Svitlana Pischanska, Valentyna Korpachova, Oleksandr Dudin

{"title":"The impact of war on cytopathological practice in Ukraine","authors":"O. Sulaieva, P. Botsun, O. Koshyk, Iryna Omelianenko, Mariia Burkatska, I. Panko, Tetyana Meged, Svitlana Pischanska, Valentyna Korpachova, Oleksandr Dudin","doi":"10.48188/so.4.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48188/so.4.1","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: To investigate the impact of Russian invasion on Ukrainian healthcare services related to cytopathology screening and diagnostics.Methods: The workload and output of the cytopathological laboratory located in Kyiv before and during 8 months of Russian invasion were analyzed. The laboratory performance was assessed by the total number of cytologic cases, the turn-around time (TAT) index, and the percentage of timely reported test results. The geographic distribution of cases was also analyzed.Results: There was a significant decline in the workload of the laboratory during the first two months of the war, and the numbers of cytopathology specimens fell to less than one third of prewar levels, and the TAT was prolonged. Since May 2022, the efficiency and quality of cytopathologic testing has been largely restored in most parts of Ukraine, only to be affected again by increased Russian bombardment toward the end of summer 2022. The number of cytology specimens was reduced and the source of cytology specimens changed from the prewar conditions reflecting the relocation of the CSD Lab to western Ukraine.Conclusion: Cytolopathological screening and diagnostics were seriously disrupted in Ukraine during the Russian invasion resulting in a decreased volume of cytology specimens received in the CSD Lab during the early months of the war. By adapting to the war conditions and reorganizing the cytology services, CSD Lab has continued providing cytology services at a level of efficiency similar to those of the prewar period. However, the volume of cytology specimens remains much smaller than before war, indicating that the cytology services have been adversely affected by the war.","PeriodicalId":422483,"journal":{"name":"St open","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122190468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Sports live text commentary as a hybrid register 作为混合注册的体育实况文本评论

St open Pub Date : 2022-12-24 DOI: 10.48188/so.3.14

Marin Pažanin, I. Petrovic

{"title":"Sports live text commentary as a hybrid register","authors":"Marin Pažanin, I. Petrovic","doi":"10.48188/so.3.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48188/so.3.14","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: To present and analyze features of live text commen-tary (LTC) as a recent register of the English language using examples from the coverage of UEFA Euro 2020. The paper explores the influence of spoken language and sports an-nouncer talk (SAT) on the register. It focuses on the differ-ences and similarities between LTC and SAT and presents an overview of features unique to LTC.Methods: LTC was examined as a text variety following Chovanec’s (2018) analysis and using the register perspec-tive proposed by Biber and Conrad (2009). Examples from fourteen LTCs reporting on the UEFA Euro 2020 competition held in June/July 2021 were analyzed, including their typ-ical situational and linguistic characteristics and some of their functions.Results: LTC is a hybrid register that exemplifies today’s convergence of different media. LTCs take the context of production from live blogs, while their language is main-ly reminiscent of SAT, including tense usage and adoption of certain forms. Spoken language, in general, is also an in-fluence, especially on the syntactic and grammatical levels. Distinct LTC features include the internal structure, icons, and interactiveness of the text. The analyzed commentaries feature clearly outlined sections (e.g., opening and closing posts) that serve specific discursive purposes. Icons have a particular function in LTC; their meaning is well-estab-lished, and they sometimes function as utterances. Another remarkable characteristic is the intertextuality derived from text contributions provided by various spectators of the sports event, including fans. This interaction is, at times, simulated. Conclusion: The paper confirmed LTC as a hybrid format with avenues for further hybridization. In LTC, we see an intertwining of different elements, which, taken together, produce a new whole in a process typical of the conver-gence seen in the media today. The most innovative aspects of LTC, the intertextuality, interactiveness, and co-produc-tion of a text, are limited.","PeriodicalId":422483,"journal":{"name":"St open","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127817480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Changes in wedding customs in Gornja Poljica in the hinterland of Split, Croatia, in the last hundred years 克罗地亚斯普利特腹地Gornja Poljica近百年来婚礼习俗的变化

St open Pub Date : 2022-12-22 DOI: 10.48188/so.3.13

Marijana Pavković

{"title":"Changes in wedding customs in Gornja Poljica in the hinterland of Split, Croatia, in the last hundred years","authors":"Marijana Pavković","doi":"10.48188/so.3.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48188/so.3.13","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: To examine how wedding customs have acquired unwritten rules over time and how much they have changed in the last hundred years.Methods: Semi-structured interviews with three respondents from Gornja Poljica (Split city hinterland) and a secondary analysis of sources with the aim of analyzing the course and customs of weddings over three generations in Gornja Poljica.Results: As in the past, there is a wedding procedure consisting of the gathering of wedding guests, the pick-up of the bride at her home, the wedding ceremony, the celebration, and the visit of the bride’s family to her new home. The new customs are a bachelorette party, a garter toss, a wedding cake and wearing a wedding dress all night. Of 28 customs from 100 years ago, nine (one-third) have disappeared, the wedding day has been changed from Monday to Saturday, the ceremony has been shortened from three days to one, the number of wedding guests has been increased, and the bachelorette party has been introduced.Conclusion: From the narratives, it appears that the wedding ceremony is primarily a personal event, one of the most important in the life of the bride and groom, especially for the woman, for whom it represents a permanent change in family and social status. Until the 1950s, women were more passive in the role of bride than they are today. Through the process of women’s emancipation, globalization and the possibility of free choice, the values and practice of marriage itself have changed.","PeriodicalId":422483,"journal":{"name":"St open","volume":"79 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126317215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0