Innovations: Technology, Governance, Globalization最新文献

{"title":"America Is Not in Decline, and Startups Are an Important Reason Why: A Case Study of Albuquerque, New Mexico (Innovations Case Narrative: Village Capital and Revolution LLC, the “Rise of the Rest”)","authors":"R. Baird, Herbie Ziskend","doi":"10.1162/inov_a_00249","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1162/inov_a_00249","url":null,"abstract":"At Village Capital and Revolution LLC, we too see America as an archipelago of startups and reinvention. Our core investment thesis is to put money behind talented entrepreneurs who are tackling problems in cities beyond the traditional startup hubs. Revolution, led by AOL cofounder Steve Case, is in fact investing 90 percent of its AMERICA IS NOT IN DECLINE, AND STARTUPS ARE AN IMPORTANT REASON WHY","PeriodicalId":422331,"journal":{"name":"Innovations: Technology, Governance, Globalization","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125126622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Building a Thriving Ecosystem for Young Entrepreneurs in Taiwan","authors":"J. Y. Feng","doi":"10.1162/INOV_A_00242","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1162/INOV_A_00242","url":null,"abstract":"tem that is accessible and supports entrepreneurship across the country, especially for our youth. Through various strategies developed in Taipei, we have set a positive course for entrepreneurship in Taiwan. Four core strategies have been adopted: relaxing regulations, networking, fundraising, and incubating. Thirteen ministries are involved in offering 44 policy initiatives and projects that aim to create a thriving ecosystem, starting in Taipei and expanding across the country. Some of the best-known cases will be presented in this essay.","PeriodicalId":422331,"journal":{"name":"Innovations: Technology, Governance, Globalization","volume":"231 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131646502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Boosting Tech Innovation: Ecosystems in Cities: A Framework for Growth and Sustainability of Urban Tech Innovation Ecosystems","authors":"V. Mulas, M. Minges, Hallie Applebaum","doi":"10.1162/inov_a_00251","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1162/inov_a_00251","url":null,"abstract":"Cities are emerging as hubs of technological innovation. This is characterized by an ongoing shift from technology parks in suburban areas, to entrepreneurial activity within cities. There is a global trend of startups in cities like Berlin, Buenos Aires, Mumbai and Madrid. The rise of technology startups in cities is leading to new sources of employment and economic growth, by creation of new businesses and employment categories. Traditional manufacturing and routine cognitive skills jobs are being eroded, and the creation of new sources of employment and growth is vital to maintain competitiveness, reduce poverty, and increase shared prosperity. The growth of tech innovation and entrepreneurship is not equal in all cities. Some cities experience higher, faster, and more sustainable growth than others. This paper discusses research on what factors make tech innovation and entrepreneurship ecosystems grow faster and larger in some cities. The findings point out that the social dimension, or the interpersonal connections and communities, are critical for the growth and sustainability of the ecosystem; and, that networking assets (defined as community building events, skill training events, collaboration spaces, and networking of mentors) are central to this social dimension. This paper includes a) proposed framework for urban technology innovation ecosystems based on this findings; b) testing of the framework in New York, and; c) policy implications of this findings.","PeriodicalId":422331,"journal":{"name":"Innovations: Technology, Governance, Globalization","volume":"123 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126002075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Minding the Identity Gaps","authors":"Ignacio Mas, D. Porteous","doi":"10.2139/SSRN.2189989","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/SSRN.2189989","url":null,"abstract":"In inclusion circles, the issue of digital identity tends to be dominated by the perspectives of law enforcement (anti-money laundering and – terrorist financing), legal compliance (how long records need to be kept), and technological implementation choices (phones or cards, biometric or not). But what needs to be at the center is how to manage the competing interests of providers and their clients over customer information. We examine three distinct trust gaps that define the core problem of digital identities: the confidence – or security – with which identities can be asserted and confirmed, the control – or privacy – with which personal information associated with one´s identity can be revealed and distributed, and the relevance and accuracy of the inferences – or reputations – that are drawn from people´ personal information and the history of interactions.","PeriodicalId":422331,"journal":{"name":"Innovations: Technology, Governance, Globalization","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116828602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Accion Venture Lab (Case Narrative)","authors":"P. Breloff","doi":"10.1162/inov_a_00231","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1162/inov_a_00231","url":null,"abstract":"innovations / volume 10, number 1-2 © 2015 Paul Breloff Paul Breloff is the founding Managing Director of the Accion Venture Lab. Accion Venture Lab, launched in 2012, is a seed-stage impact investment initiative that provides small amounts of capital (up to $500,000) and management support to jumpstart game-changing financial inclusion startups around the world, promoting better financial services to more people at the base of the pyramid (BOP). Lack of financial access is a massive global problem. At Accion we believe, and the research shows, that the right financial tools can make or break whether someone will be able to take advantage of an opportunity (e.g., invest at the right time to grow a business) or absorb a financial shock (e.g., pay for an emergency medical procedure without spiraling into debt). According to the World Bank’s Global Findex Database 2014, roughly two billion people around the world lack access to formal financial services. Our efforts address this widespread issue by helping to provide access to financial tools that help underserved customers—particularly low-income customers and small business owners—improve their lives. A reliable place to borrow and save, for example, can help a household manage uneven cash flow, smooth consumption, and build working capital; insurance can help mitigate risk and manage shocks; new types of payment services can help reduce transaction costs and keep money with families, rather than big money transfer organizations. Evidence also shows that financial inclusion is positively correlated with growth and employment at the macro level. Venture Lab is an in-house, strategic venture capital arm of Accion, a financial inclusion nonprofit organization headquartered in the United States, with offices in Colombia, Ghana, and India, and with 200 staff members around the globe. Although this strategic, in-house venture capital model is common among mainstream banks (e.g., Citi Ventures, American Express Ventures), it remains uncommon among nonprofits, which rarely have the resources to foot the bill for exploratory investment arms. Venture Lab’s purpose is to spur innovation in financial inclusion, specifically innovation led by the earliest and most unproven startups. We believe that market incumbents— the big banks, credit card companies, and remittance players—need a healthy dose of inspiration or perhaps fear from a new breed of entrepreneurs poised to shake up the status quo in global finance. Accion Venture Lab Paul Breloff","PeriodicalId":422331,"journal":{"name":"Innovations: Technology, Governance, Globalization","volume":"45 1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114456949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bank on Her: The Smart Solution for Financial Inclusion","authors":"Mary Ellen Iskenderian","doi":"10.1162/INOV_A_00227","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1162/INOV_A_00227","url":null,"abstract":"innovations / volume 10, number 1-2 © 2015 Mary Ellen Iskenderian The World Bank released a startling piece of news this spring in its latest Global Findex database report: since 2011, 700 million people worldwide have acquired bank accounts. In fact, access to bank accounts grew more in the past few years than in the past few decades—a rapid and dramatic change usually unheard of in development circles. The growth in access to vaccines and bed nets that prevent malaria, for instance, does not even come close. Despite these impressive gains, however, the gender gap in financial inclusion persists. While millions more men now have access to formal financial services, millions of women—particularly low-income women—have been left behind. As of 2014, 65 percent of men worldwide had a bank account, compared to 58 percent of women. Although this reflects a significant increase from 2011, when 54 percent of men and 47 percent of women had an account, the gender gap stands at nine percentage points in the developing world and seven points globally.1 The gap is even wider in some regions; it stands at 18 percent in South Asia, and in the Middle East, men are twice as likely as women to have an account. The efforts made by public, private, and philanthropic actors to increase financial inclusion over the past few years have clearly paid off, largely because of a commitment to reaching the unbanked through innovative, user-friendly digital financial services. Now it is time to apply those solutions—both the technological tools and the political and sociocultural strategies—to the specific needs of half of the world’s population that has largely been left out: women. There is every reason to believe that, if key players turn their attention to closing this gender gap, the results will be no less impressive than other efforts to increase financial inclusion. Why is raising the bar on financial inclusion worth the effort? Expanding financial inclusion has a profound impact on overall economic growth and community development. At the macro level, expanding financial inclusion increases GDP growth and results in greater labor force participation; at the micro level, it leads to a significant increase in financial capability and in the social stability of families and individuals. Governments and global development organizations have heightened their focus on","PeriodicalId":422331,"journal":{"name":"Innovations: Technology, Governance, Globalization","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133311945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pioneering the Youth and Technology Movement in Africa and Beyond (Case Narrative)","authors":"N. Harry","doi":"10.1162/inov_a_00230","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1162/inov_a_00230","url":null,"abstract":"When I was growing up, my father often said to me, “They can take everything else away from you, but they can’t take away how much you have in your head.” His words have resonated with me throughout my life. Perhaps that is why, when I started Youth for Technology Foundation (YTF) from a cubicle at Microsoft in 2000, I became so obsessed with my vision that I had no choice but to pursue it. Fortunately, I did not have to convince my husband, Telema, that my vision for YTF was worth pursuing; he soon joined me as cofounder. Let me provide a little background. Born to an American mother and a Nigerian father, I have lived most of my life in Nigeria, a developing country, which has had a profound effect on my view of the world. My father was the only child in his family to finish a postprimary education. When the Biafra War broke out in Nigeria, he was one of just a few people to earn a scholarship to study in the United States. It was there he fell in love with an American woman, my mother. My mother was the first entrepreneur I knew. In the early 1980s, she opened La Pâtisserie, the first outdoor French restaurant in Nigeria. A mere ten years old, I learned at her feet, at first just running small errands. I later became a marketer and, finally, a host. I remember my mother working very long days. She not only had an entrepreneurial enterprise to manage, she also had to deal with the unique challenges of being an American woman trying to do business in Nigeria. She learned to cut through red tape to secure contracts with dignitaries and government officials. I sometimes would wander into the kitchen for a glass of water in the middle of the night and find my mother preparing elegant displays for some catered event. She inspired me to solve problems creatively, and thus to work to change the world.","PeriodicalId":422331,"journal":{"name":"Innovations: Technology, Governance, Globalization","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129383240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Value of Proximity Finance: How the Traditional Banking System Can Contribute to Microfinance","authors":"Lauro Gonzalez, E. Diniz, Marlei Pozzebon","doi":"10.1162/inov_a_00233","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1162/inov_a_00233","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":422331,"journal":{"name":"Innovations: Technology, Governance, Globalization","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125950579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mobilizing Banking for Indonesia's Poor","authors":"Michael Mori, T. Zimmer","doi":"10.1162/inov_a_00232","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1162/inov_a_00232","url":null,"abstract":"innovations / volume 10, number 1-2 © 2015 Michael Mori and Trevor Zimmer Michael Mori and Trevor Zimmer conducted research into the financial lives of low-income Indonesians as MasterCard Fellows at The Fletcher School’s Institute for Business in the Global Context, with funding from The MasterCard Center for Inclusive Growth. They currently work for Dalberg Design Impact Group at Dalberg Global Development Advisors. BACKGROUND","PeriodicalId":422331,"journal":{"name":"Innovations: Technology, Governance, Globalization","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130368756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Elephant in the Room: Financial Inclusion for the Missing Middle","authors":"J. Dougherty, Radoslava Dogandjieva","doi":"10.1162/inov_a_00235","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1162/inov_a_00235","url":null,"abstract":"Donor agencies, philanthropists, and social innovators are much enamored of financial inclusion these days. Their enthusiasm is matched by their expenditures: the Consultative Group to Assist the Poor (CGAP), in its 2013 Funders Survey, estimated that donors committed at least $29 billion to advance financial inclusion in 2012 alone.1 The Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation’s Financial Services for the Poor program spent nearly $90 million in 2013, almost exclusively to support digital payments, savings, and credit products for the poor in developing countries. Partly as a result of this largesse, electronic payment platforms and other technological innovations have sprung up across the landscape of the Global South. Virtually no discussion on digital financial inclusion can avoid mentioning Safaricom’s M-PESA, a mobile payments service that leveraged initial funding from the UK’s Department for International Development to achieve phenomenal success in Kenya and, to a lesser extent, a few neighboring countries. Many other less famous initiatives have also sought to expand financial inclusion using mobile technology, including payment platforms like Zoona in Zambia and products aimed at expanding access to microcredit, like InVenture and the SIMLab Credit Project. Giving poor people direct access to basic financial services is a laudable goal in itself, one that can generate important benefits. Evaluations of microfinance programs","PeriodicalId":422331,"journal":{"name":"Innovations: Technology, Governance, Globalization","volume":"97 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114692863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}