Al-Jamiah-Journal of Islamic Studies最新文献

{"title":"Revisiting the Javanese Muslim Slametan: Islam, Local Tradition, Honor and Symbolic Communication","authors":"Mohamad Abdun Nasir","doi":"10.14421/ajis.2019.572.329-358","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14421/ajis.2019.572.329-358","url":null,"abstract":"Slametan, referring to a broad communal prayer, feast, and food-offering to commemorate or celebrate critical live cycles, such as birth, marriage, and death, constitutes an essential ritual for Javanese Muslims. Despite growing Islamization, in which this ritual is often renamed as tahlilan, elements of local beliefs in it remain. This study aims to re-examine the Javanese Muslim death ritual tradition and offers a new interpretation. It explores the elements of local belief and its convergence with the universal Islamic teaching and demonstrates that the Javanese norms fit the fundamental Islamic doctrines, rendering this ritual easily acceptable by the Javanese. This study concurs with the previous studies stating that this ritual paves tolerance and social integration and unites Islam and local tradition. However, this study specifically examines the meanings of the death ritual and argues that the idea of honoring predecessors and maintaining an uninterrupted symbolic communication between the alive, namely descendants, and the dead such as late parents and forebears, constitute common Javanese and Islamic values. [Slametan merupakan salah satu ritus penting bagi muslim Jawa yang berupa doa dan makan bersama serta berbagi makanan untuk memperingati atau merayakan peralihan daur hidup seperti kelahiran, pernikahan dan kematian. Meskipun Islamisasi terus berlanjut, ritus yang sering disebut juga dengan tahlilan ini masih menyisakan unsur-unsur kepercayaan lokal. Dalam artikel ini akan ditinjau kembali ritus tradisi kematian muslim Jawa dan menawarkan sebuah interpretasi baru. Tulisan ini juga mengeksplorasi unsur-unsur lokal yang menemukan titik temu dengan ajaran nilai universal dalam Islam serta menunjukkan kesepahaman norma Jawa dengan doktrin dasar Islam sehingga ritus ini mudah diterima oleh orang Jawa. Tulisan ini juga sependapat dengan kajian-kajian sebelumnya yang menyatakan bahwa ritus ini menguatkan pondasi toleransi, integrasi sosial dan penyatuan Islam dengan tradisi lokal. Meskipun demikian tulisan ini fokus pada pemaknaan ritus kematian dan berpendapat bahwa penghormatan pada leluhur serta menjaga komunikasi simbolik antara yang meninggal dan dan yang hidup, terutama yang ditinggalkan merupakan hal yang umum dalam nilai-nilai Kejawaan dan Keislaman.]","PeriodicalId":42231,"journal":{"name":"Al-Jamiah-Journal of Islamic Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2019-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48242471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Registering Muslim Marriages: Penghulu, Modin, and the Struggles for Influence","authors":"Muhammad Latif Fauzi","doi":"10.14421/ajis.2019.572.397-424","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14421/ajis.2019.572.397-424","url":null,"abstract":"This article deals with the position of penghulu and modin and examines how they struggle for influence in the context of marriage registration. Materials of this article result from my ethnography in a village in East Java in 2017. I did interviews, participant observation and document analysis and applied the “state-in-society” approach to analyse the finding. In this article, I suggest that to maintain their influence, penghulu tend not to present themselves as ulama although their identity as a religious authority is highly important. Instead, penghulu identify themselves as the state agency by materialising their authority to provide state recognition of Muslim marriages into the resource of power. On the other hand, modin play important roles in bridging the relationship between the state and society. Modin find themselves subject to compromise between competing legal orders so that they sometimes need to produce an alternative legal norm to make their intermediary role possible. [Artikel ini mendiskusikan posisi penghulu dan modin serta melihat bagaimana mereka berjuang untuk berebut pengaruh di masyarakat dalam hal pencatatan perkawinan. Bahan-bahan artikel ini diperoleh dari etnografi yang saya lakukan di sebuah desa di Jawa Timur pada tahun 2017. Saya melakukan wawancara, observasi partisipatif, dan analisis dokumen serta menggunakan pendekatan “state-in-society” untuk menganalisa temuan lapangan. Saya menyimpulkan bahwa untuk mempertahankan pengaruhnya, penghulu cenderung tidak menampilkan dirinya sebagai ulama meskipun identitas mereka sebagai otoritas agama tetap penting. Sebaliknya, mereka mengidentifikasi diri mereka sebagai agen negara dengan mentransformasi otoritas untuk memberikan pengakuan negara atas perkawinan sebagai sumber kekuasaan. Selain itu, modin memiliki peran penting dalam menjembatani hubungan negara dan masyarakat. Modin berada dalam situasi kompetisi antar norma hukum sehingga terkadang perlu untuk membuat norma hukum alternatif untuk mempertahankan posisi mereka.","PeriodicalId":42231,"journal":{"name":"Al-Jamiah-Journal of Islamic Studies","volume":"58 1","pages":"397-424"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2019-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90929248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Subjectivity of Nawāl Al-Sa’dāwī: Critique on Gender Relations in Religious Construction in Adab Am Qillah Adab Work","authors":"Y. Latifi, W. Udasmoro, Juliasih J.","doi":"10.14421/ajis.2019.572.257-286","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14421/ajis.2019.572.257-286","url":null,"abstract":"This writing examines three short stories in the short story anthology of Adab Am Qillah Adab by Nawāl Al-Sa’dāwī, namely: “Adab.Am Qillah Adab”, “al Umm al-Suwisriyyah al-Qātilah”, and “Qiṣṣah Fatḥiyyah al-Miṣriyyah”. The analysis focuses on Nawâl al-Sa’dâwi’s critique of religious constructions of gender relations. The subjectivity of Salvoj Žižek is the theory used and hermeneutics is the method of analysis. The purpose of the study is to find out the reasoning behind the radical acts of Al-Sa’dāwī over her rejection of patriarchal religious constructions in her three short stories. The result of the analysis shows that the literary work is the explanation of the radicalization of the author’s actions, Al-Sa’dāwī, as a subject. Such radicalization is her rejection of the needy Symbolic (patriarchal religion construction) as her attempt to escape the Symbolic. Al-Sa’dāwī continues to move because the subject is split and empty. Therefore, Al-Sa’dāwī makes an effort to seek full self-fulfillment to and approach The Real in order to kill the old tyrannical Symbolic and pick up the new Symbolic, which is the construction of a just religion and liberate women. [Tulisan ini mengkaji tiga cerpen dalam antologi cerpen Adab Am Qillah Adab karya Nawâl al-Sa’dâwi, yaitu: “Adab..Am Qillah Adab”, “al-Umm al-Suwisriyyah al Qātilah”, dan “Qiṣṣah Fatḥiyyah al-Miṣriyyah”. Analisis difokuskan pada kritik Nawāl Al-Sa’dāwī terhadap konstruksi agama atas relasi gender. Subjektivitas Salvoj Žižek adalah teori yang dipakai dan hermeneutik merupakan metode analisisnya. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui alasan di balik tindakan radikal Al-Sa’dāwī atas penolakannya pada konstruksi agama yang patriarkis dalam tiga cerpennya. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa karya sastra menjelaskan radikalisasi tindakan pengarang, Al-Sa’dāwī, sebagai sebuah subjek. Radikalisasi tersebut adalah penolakannya terhadap Yang Simbolik yang berkekurangan (konstruksi agama patriarkis) sebagai usahanya untuk melepaskan diri dari Yang Simbolik. Al-Sa’dāwī akan terus bergerak dikarenakan subjek itu terbelah dan juga kosong. Oleh sebab itu, Al-Sa’dāwī melakukan upaya untuk mencari pemenuhan dirinya secara terus-menerus dan mendekati The Real agar dapat membunuh The Symbolic lama yang tiranik dan menjemput The Symbolic baru, yaitu konstruksi agama yang adil dan membebaskan perempuan.]","PeriodicalId":42231,"journal":{"name":"Al-Jamiah-Journal of Islamic Studies","volume":"39 1","pages":"257-286"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2019-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85069622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Three Sufi Communities Guarding the Earth: A Case Study of Mitigation and Adaptation to Climate Change in Indonesia","authors":"M. Ahmad","doi":"10.14421/ajis.2019.572.359-396","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14421/ajis.2019.572.359-396","url":null,"abstract":"Prasenjet Duara (2015) accuses divine religions as the cause of the environmental crisis and natural disasters. Duara's thesis was counterattacked by scientists and religionists who stated that religion has the spirit and teachings of careness for the environment. Nevertheless, the arguments they built are still theological, normative and theoretical. This study is an antithesis to the Duara’s statement and at the same time presents evidence based on the primary data that occurred in three Sufi communities. The focus of this study analyzes Sufi activism in Indonesia in safeguarding the earth, as a form of substantial religious responses to the environmental crisis due to climate change. Through the principles and mechanism of qualitative research methods, researchers sought to analyze mitigation and adaptation actions to climate change carried out by the Majlis Zikir Kraton Pekalongan, Jamaah Aoulia Panggang and Pesan Trend Ilmu Giri. The data are obtained through interviews, observation and documentation and they are analyzed interactively. The results of the study revealed that climate change is believed by the Sufis as God’s authority due to human destructive behavior. For Sufis, overcoming climate change must begin with a change in the perspective of human relations, nature and God. In the case of three Sufi communities, religion is not just a doctrine of the relationship between God and humans, but also operational guidance on how to synergize with nature. Through a substantial religious spirit, the Sufis guard the earth through the re-actualization of the narratives of takhalli, tahalli and tajalli, as ecological repentance, ecological movements, and ecological campaigns in mitigating and adapting to climate change. [Prasenjet Duara (2015) menuduh agama-agama samawi sebagai penyebab terjadinya krisis lingkungan dan bencana alam. Tesis Duara mendapat serangan balik dari ilmuwan dan agamawan yang menyatakan bahwa agama memiliki spirit dan ajaran kepedulian terhadap lingkungan. Hanya saja argumen yang mereka bangun masih bersifat teologis, normatif dan teoritis. Kajian ini merupakan antitesa terhadap pernyataan Duara, dan sekaligus menyajikan bukti berdasarkan data-data lapangan  yang terjadi pada tiga komunitas sufi. Fokus kajian ini menganalisis aktivisme kaum sufi di Indonesia dalam menjaga bumi, sebagai bentuk respons kaum beragama subtansial terhadap krisis lingkungan akibat perubahan iklim.  Melalui prinsip dan mekanisme metode penelitian kualitatif, peneliti berusaha menganalisis tindakan mitigasi dan adaptasi terhadap perubahan iklim yang dilakukan oleh Majelis Zikir Kraton Pekalongan, Jamaah Aoulia Panggang dan Pesan Trend Ilmu Giri Yogyakarta. Data-data diperoleh melalui wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi dan dianalisis secara interaktif. Hasil kajian mengungkap bahwa perubahan iklim diyakini oleh kaum sufi sebagai otoritas Tuhan yang disebabkan perilaku destruktif manusia. Bagi kaum sufi, mengatasi perubahan iklim harus dimulai da","PeriodicalId":42231,"journal":{"name":"Al-Jamiah-Journal of Islamic Studies","volume":"11 1","pages":"359-396"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2019-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85245871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Indonesian Interpretation of the Qur’an on Khilāfah: The Case of Quraish Shihab and Yudian Wahyudi on Qur'an, 2: 30-38","authors":"M. Djidin, Sahiron Syamsuddin","doi":"10.14421/AJIS.2019.571.143-166","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14421/AJIS.2019.571.143-166","url":null,"abstract":"Today the issue of building al-khilāfah al-islāmīyah (Islamic Caliphate) has been raised by Hizbut Tahrir Indonesia (HTI). One of its arguments is that it is obligatory, because Qur’an, 2:30 mentions the term khalīfah. However, this argument has been questioned by many Muslim scholars. Some of them are Quraish Shihab and Yudian Wahyudi. In this article a comparative study is conducted in such a way we can provide readers with a ‘direct’ comparasion between Shihab’s and Wahyudi’s thoughts. The emphasis of their differences is shown more clearly than their similarities. Some important points that are discussed here are their interpretations of Qur’an, 2: 30-38. After analyzing their statements expressed in their writings and interviews, we have found that both have the same idea that Qur’an, 2: 30 does not talk about the Islamic Caliphate, and therefore, it cannot be used as an argument for its building. We have also found that they have exegetical differences that might refer to the fact that Shihab has much emphasis on the ‘historical meaning’ of the verses, whereas Wahyudi prefers their ‘significance’ for human beings.[Wacana khilafah Islam di Indonesia menguat seiring dengan kehadiran Hizbut Tahrir Indonesia (HTI). Salas satu argumen mereka adalah adanya istilah khalīfah dalam Qur’an, 2: 30. Namun argument tersebut justru menjadi persoalan bagi pemikir muslim lainnya, dua diantaranya Quraish Shihab dan Yudian Wahyudi. Dalam tulisan ini diharapkan pembaca dapat melihat secara langsung perbandingan dua pemikiran tersebut. Beberapa point penting yang diperdebatkan adalah tafsir ayat Qur’an, 2: 30-38. Berdasarkan analisis pada karya tulis dan wawancara, keduanya sama – sama menunjukkan bahwa ayat tersebut di atas tidak membahas al-khilāfah al-islāmīyah. Meskipun keduanya sependapat, masing-masing memberikan tekanan yang berbeda dimana Shihab lebih ke makna historis, sedangkan Wahyudi condong ke signifikasi bagi kemanusiaan.] ","PeriodicalId":42231,"journal":{"name":"Al-Jamiah-Journal of Islamic Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2019-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49540787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Between the Influence of Customary, Dutch, and Islamic Law: Jaksa Pepitu and Their Place in Cirebon Sultanate History","authors":"Tendi Tendi, Djoko Marihandono, Abdurakhman Abdurakhman","doi":"10.14421/AJIS.2019.571.117-142","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14421/AJIS.2019.571.117-142","url":null,"abstract":"The field of law is an interesting matter in the study of Indonesian history. The meddling of the various elements of culture and tradition due to political dynamics and power in the nation’s history, making law in Indonesia one type of hybrid entity. The interference of the law was not only seen from its legal products, but also from the bodies given the responsibility to enforce the law at that time. One of the prosecutors’ agency that had existed in the past was Jaksa Pepitu. This study aims to reveal the origins of the Jaksa Pepitu, elaborate on their works in the field of law in Cirebon environment, and describe the legal influences that contributed to the color of this collegial council. By way of historical research methodology and narrative approach, it can be seen that the prosecutor’s council is the agency essential in the practice of law. They were linked to Cirebon princes and  can be appointed through VOC approval. In addition, the actions of the prosecutors can be seen from the position, independence, and authority they have. The various things surrounding the Jaksa Pepitu indicate that it is legal institution influenced by customary, Western and Islamic laws. [Bidang hukum menjadi hal yang menarik dalam kajian sejarah Indonesia. Percampuran pelbagai unsur budaya dan tradisi akibat adanya dinamika politik dan kekuasaan dalam perjalanan bangsa, membuat hukum di Indonesia menjadi salah satu jenis hukum yang bersifat hybrid. Percampuran hukum itu tidak hanya dilihat dari produk hukum yang dihasilkan, namun juga dapat ditelisik dari badan yang diberi tanggung jawab untuk menegakkan hukum pada masa itu. Salah satu badan jaksa yang pernah eksis di masa lalu adalah Jaksa Pepitu. Studi ini bertujuan untuk mengungkapkan asal muasal Jaksa Pepitu, menguraikan kiprahnya dalam bidang hukum di lingkungan Cirebon, dan mendeskripsikan pengaruh-pengaruh hukum yang turut memberi warna dewan kolegial ini. Dengan metodologi penelitian sejarah dan pendekatan naratif yang dilakukan, dapat diketahui bahwa dewan jaksa itu merupakan badan penanggung jawab bidang hukum. Mereka memiliki keterkaitan dengan para pangeran Cirebon dan dapat diangkat dengan persetujuan VOC. Selain itu, kiprah para jaksa ini dapat dilihat dari posisi, independensi, dan wewenang yang mereka miliki. Adapun pelbagai hal yang mengitari Jaksa Pepitu menunjukkan bahwa mereka ini adalah badan yang dipengaruhi oleh hukum adat, Barat, dan Islam.]","PeriodicalId":42231,"journal":{"name":"Al-Jamiah-Journal of Islamic Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2019-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43741435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Tale of Two Royal Cities: The Narratives of Islamists' Intolerance in Yogyakarta and Solo","authors":"M. N. Azca, Hakimul Ikhwan, Mohammad Zaki Arrobi","doi":"10.14421/AJIS.2019.571.25-50","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14421/AJIS.2019.571.25-50","url":null,"abstract":"The article discusses the narratives of “Islamist” intolerance in two cities of Yogyakarta and Solo in the post-Suharto era. It aims to elucidate the multiplicity of intolerance acts and the complexity of underpinning factors to intolerance. It argues that Islamist intolerance has manifested in various forms, ranging from the ideological, instrumental, and symbolic form. However, these categorizations of ideological, instrumental, and symbolic are not clear-cut and permanent one, but there is always some possible overlap between them. There is also the possibility that the form of intolerance can change in different times and occasions. This study is based on fieldwork research taken during 2014-2016 in both cities. Methodologically, this research-based article used Extended Cased Method (ECM). The data was collected by employing indepth interview and participant observation with secondary sources such as local media and government documents.[Tulisan ini membahas narasi Islam intoleran di dua kota, Solo dan Yogyakarta, pasca rezim Soeharto. Selain itu juga menjelaskan sejumlah aksi intoleran dan kompleksitas faktor-faktor yang berkelindan dalam peristiwa tersebut. Tulisan ini mengajukan argumen bahwa Islam intoleran mempunyairagam bentuk, mulai dari ideologis, instrumentalis hingga simbolis. Meskipun demikian, kategori tersebut tidak bersifat kaku dan permanen, tetapi terkadang bersifat saling overlap satu sama lainnya. Ada kemungkinan juga bentuk intoleran berubah seiring dengan perubahan waktu dan kondisi. Kajian ini berdasarkan pada studi lapangan di dua kota pada rentang waktu 2014-2016. Secara metodologi kajian ini menggunakan pendekatan Extended Cased Method (ECM). Data dikumpulkan melalui serangkaian wawancara mendalam dan observasi partisipatif dengan didukung data sekunder dari arsip daerah dan sejumlah media surat kabar lokal.]","PeriodicalId":42231,"journal":{"name":"Al-Jamiah-Journal of Islamic Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2019-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44806854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Augmenting Science in the Islamic Contemporary World: A Strategic Attempt at Reconstructing the Future","authors":"Muqowim Muqowim, Zulkipli Lessy","doi":"10.14421/AJIS.2019.571.197-230","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14421/AJIS.2019.571.197-230","url":null,"abstract":"During five centuries (6th to 11th C.E.), the advancement of science in the Muslim world displayed Muslim civilization as the scientific Mecca. This era saw many other civilizations learning science from Muslims seen as exemplary in modernizing life and sharing guidance for moral conduct. This was accomplished by embedding norms and inventions and as a result of factors such as royal patronage and personal sacrifice. This paper seeks to reclaim historical data through reflection and contextualization. Analysis of relevant past contexts paves a path leading from romanticism and antiquanism into the contemporary world. Secondary resources, such as historical books and journals, reveal how science in Islam was developed and nurtured through patronage, institutional establishment, networking, and other factors, leading to valuable inventions. The Islamic Golden Era of science flourished because Muslims scientists had an ethos motivating them toward discoveries. Key innovating scientists made cities such as Nishapur, Alexandria, Jundishapur, and Damascus become preeminent in scientific invention. This brought rapid development to Muslim life, as well as to the surrounding nations, extending to Greece and India and China. This paper argues that Muslim scientists of today’s world can benefit from the perspective that the Qur’an and hadiths are essential sources of general principles for conducting scientific and technological research. Both are key spirits for encouraging Muslim scientists to conduct rigorous studies.[ Selama 5 abad pertama, 6-11 Masehi, kemajuan ilmu pengetahuan di dunia muslim terwujud pada peradaban muslim di Mekkah. Era ini menunjukkan pelbagai peradaban lain belajar kepada muslim sebagai model kehidupan modern dan petunjuk kehidupan moral. Hal ini teruji oleh norma-norma dan penemuan-penemuan serta hasil akibat dari loyalitas dan keikhlasan. Artikel ini mencoba mengklaim ulang bukti historis melalui refleksi dan kontekstualisasi. Analisa konteks masa lalu yang tepat menghindari dari kecenderungan romantisme dan kekunoan dari pada dunia kontemporer. Sumber sekunder seperti buku dan jurnal, membuktikan bagaimana pengetahuan dalam Islam berkembang dan tumbuh melalui patronase, institusionalisasi, jejaring dan faktor lainnya yang mendukung penemuan baru. Keemasan ilmu masa Islam menjamur karena ilmuwan muslim mempunyai etos yang tinggi pada penjelajahan pengetahuan. Kunci inovasi para ilmuwan telah membuat kota–kota seperti Nishapur, Alexandria, Jundishapur dan Damaskus berkembang menjadi pusat pengetahuan. Perkembangan pesat kehidupan muslim ini akhirnya menyebar ke Yunani, India dan China. Artikel ini menunjukkan bahwa ilmuwan muslim saat ini dapat mengambil manfaat dari perspektif Qur’an dan hadits sebagai sumber utama dalam prinsip-prinsip penelitian ilmiah dan teknologi. Keduanya juga, Qur’an dan hadits, menjadi kunci semangat bagi ilmuwan muslim dalam kajian yang lebih maju.]","PeriodicalId":42231,"journal":{"name":"Al-Jamiah-Journal of Islamic Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2019-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44295726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Qur’an, Woman and Nationalism In Indonesia: Ulama Perempuan’s Moral Movement","authors":"K. Kusmana","doi":"10.14421/AJIS.2019.571.83-116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14421/AJIS.2019.571.83-116","url":null,"abstract":"This paper discusses how 'ulama perempuan' (Female Muslim woman clerics) use religious sources particularly, Qur’an, in their expression of moral movement as seen in media. It also contends that they try to make identity and sense of belonging by inviting themselves and others to participate in improving the wellbeing and cohesion of Indonesia as the nation. Using a descriptiveanalytic method, the study questions about the factors that have made it possible for some Indonesian ulama perempuan to propose a different view, and what do their movement represent in terms of nationalism? In answering them, the study relies its data on their recommendations both at KUPI (Kongres Ulama Perempuan Indonesia), April 25-27, 2017, Cirebon, West Java, and press release presented at Istiqlal Mosque, Jakarta on March 1, 2018, as well as two other recommendations that follow. The study finds that 'ulama perempuan' have made an alternative voice using some of religious sources (the Qur’an) and secular ones through their moral movements in improving the status and role of women, the well beings of children, and environment sustainability. Their movement attracts other agents particularly that of media to magnify the voice and make the movement gear as strong alternative message of soft nationalism.[Artikel ini membahas tentang bagaimana ulama perempuan di Indonesia menggunakan sumber hukum, khususnya al Qur’an dalam aktifitas gerakan moral yang terlihat dalam media massa. Mereka juga mencoba menunjukkan identitas dan perasaan kepedulian dengan melibatkan diri dalam perbaikan keadaan dan kesatuan bangsa. Dengan menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif analitis, tulisan ini mencoba menjawab pertanyaan mengenai factor-faktor yang membuat gerakan mereka memungkinkan untuk mengajukan pandangan alternatif dan merepresentasikan diri dalam wacana nasionalisme. Untuk menjelaskan hal tersebut, studi ini mendasarkan pada hasil rekomendasi mereka pada Kongres Ulama Perempuan Indonesia (KUPI) pertama di Cirebon tahun 2017 dan press release mereka di Masjid Istiqlal pada tanggal 1 Maret 2018, termasuk dua rekomendasi lain berikutnya. Artikel ini memberikan kesimpulan bahwa ulama perempuan mampu membuat pandangan alternatif dengan menggunakan sumber hukum Islam (al Qur’an) dan sumber lain melalui gerakan moral dalam mengangkat status dan peran perempuan, kesejahteraan anak-anak dan isu lingkungan yang berkelanjutan. Gerakan mereka juga menarik perhatian media untuk menguatkan pendapat dan gerakan mereka sebagai pesan alternatif dalam nasionalisme moderat.] ","PeriodicalId":42231,"journal":{"name":"Al-Jamiah-Journal of Islamic Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2019-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42860226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Expansion of Agricultural Zakat Revenue in Malaysia on the Basis of the Current Maslahah","authors":"Muhamad Firdaus Ab Rahman, H. A. A. Thaidi, A. S. Baharuddin, Azman Ab. Rahman, Siti Farahiyah Ab Rahim","doi":"10.14421/AJIS.2019.571.231-256","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14421/AJIS.2019.571.231-256","url":null,"abstract":"The reality concerning the agricultural zakat in Malaysia only impose the zakah on the paddy crops based solely on the opinion of Imam Shafi`i rather than an opinion of other scholars. This paper aims to critically examine the agricultural zakat in Islam based on Malaysian context and analyse the transformation of expanding the agricultural zakat based on the objective of Shariah. A qualitative methodology was employed to analyse the data through inductive, deductive, comparative and field research. As for the field research, the study has conducted semi-structured interviews with the Zakat Corporation, Islamic Religious Council and Mufti`s Department in the selected states in Malaysia, namely: Selangor, Penang, Terengganu and Sarawak. The finding demonstrated that the revenue of the agricultural-based zakat could be expanded according to the view held by Imam Hanafi and its benefit to the current agricultural economy. Thus, this paper proposes that every State’s Zakat Corporations and Islamic Religious Councils in Malaysia should reassess the existing ruling and legal framework of agricultural zakat in order to realize its revenue expansion as an effective solution for the current zakat collection. [Realitas zakat pertanian di Malaysia lebih mengutamakan qaul Imam Shafi`i dibandingkan dengan qaul-qaul mazhab lain. Pengelolaan zakat di Malaysia hanya dikenakan pada zakat pertanian dan terbatas kepada makanan pokok, yaitu padi. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis secara kritis zakat pertanian dalam konteks Malaysia serta mengkaji transformasi isu meluaskan zakat pertanian kepada tanaman selain padi berdasarkan maqasid syari’ah. Kajian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif, dimana analisis data menggunakan kaedah induktif, deskriptif, dan komparatif. Kajian lapangan juga dilakukan dalam bentuk wawancara dengan Jabatan Mufti Negeri dan Baitulmal Negeri di Malaysia; seperti Selangor, Pulau Pinang, Perlis, Terengganu dan Sarawak. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa hasil zakat pertanian dapat diperluas berdasarkan pendapat Imam Abu Hanifah yang lebih sesuai dengan maslahah ekonomi pertanian saat ini di Malaysia. Dengan demikian, studi ini mengusulkan bahwa lembaga zakat setiap negeri dan Dewan Agama Islam di Malaysia harus mengkaji kembali kerangka hukum zakat pertanian yang ada dalam rangka merealisasikan ekspansi penghasilannya sebagai solusi efektif untuk pengumpulan zakat saat ini.]","PeriodicalId":42231,"journal":{"name":"Al-Jamiah-Journal of Islamic Studies","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2019-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41804772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}