Legal Information Management最新文献

{"title":"‘A Library is a Growing Organism’: Redefining Artificial Intelligence and the Role of the Information Professional in the Corporate Legal World","authors":"Jake Hearn","doi":"10.1017/S1472669622000159","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S1472669622000159","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This article, written by Jake Hearn, seeks to define and reevaluate artificial intelligence (AI) in the context of the corporate legal world. The article explores some of the opportunities on offer to information professionals to ensure that the profession continues to grow within the economic, cultural and professional context it is situated.","PeriodicalId":42162,"journal":{"name":"Legal Information Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46753763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sarah A Sutherland, Legal Data and Information in Practice: How Data and the Law Interact (Routledge, 2022). 170 pages, 11 b/w illustrations. Hardback: ISBN 9780367649906; Paperback: ISBN: 9780367649883; ebook: ISBN 9781003127307.","authors":"Jas Breslin","doi":"10.1017/s1472669622000184","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s1472669622000184","url":null,"abstract":"Figuring out how data in the legal sector can be understood and used to create new opportunities for the future is a challenge to legal information professionals the world over; which is why books like Legal Data and Information in Practice, by Sarah A. Sutherland, can be so useful. Sutherland, who is the President and CEO at the Canadian Legal Information Institute (CANLII), writes regularly on legal data internationally and is therefore well placed to tackle the subject of accessibility and exploitation of legal data in a variety of organisational settings. This book, which is sub-titled How Data and the Law Interact, is broken down into nine chapters, with chapter one setting the scene, outlining why a better understanding of data is needed, and providing some examples of the benefits this brings: such as improving the profitability of a legal practice, developing insights into how decisions are made, and understanding how different legal systems produce differing data – while also uncovering sources of legal data. Chapter two takes a more detailed look at where legal data can be found and identifies issues with accessing such data. Then the technical aspects of data formats are described in chapter three, where challenges specific to legal data are highlighted, including a succinct consideration of why understanding formatting issues will significantly increase the success of any data driven project. The fourth chapter gives the reader an overview of the various data analysis techniques available, including statistical analysis, machine learning, natural language processing, plus other methods, while chapter five gives more practical information, building on the previous chapter and helping the reader to formulate an approach to interpreting and analysing legal data. Chapter six discusses in more detail the challenges faced when using legal data, noting that these are often exacerbated by the fact that data has not always been created with the intention that it will actually be used as data (for example, case law or legislation). Also, the contextual ambiguity of legal data needs to be considered, and therefore it can be hard to create reliable analysis using traditional methods of analysis. The last three chapters look towards the future of the field of data analysis. An overview of artificial intelligence (AI) is provided in chapter seven, with a discussion on the promise and challenges automating routine data tasks will entail. Law and politics are covered in chapter eight, and in the final chapter Sutherland sets out some probable, plausible, and possible futures which take into account not only the adoption of technology within the legal discipline but also its acceptance, while also considering how concerns within the wider society might play out. Legal Data and Information in Practice provides the perfect introduction to legal data and the associated key concepts","PeriodicalId":42162,"journal":{"name":"Legal Information Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42057318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Citation Metrics for Legal Information Retrieval: Scholars and Practitioners Intertwined?","authors":"G. Wiggers, S. Verberne, G. Zwenne","doi":"10.1017/S1472669622000160","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S1472669622000160","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This paper is written by Gineke Wiggers, Suzan Verberne and Gerrit-Jan Zwenne and examines citations in legal documents in the context of bibliometric-enhanced legal information retrieval. It is suggested that users of legal information retrieval systems wish to see both scholarly and non-scholarly information, and legal information retrieval systems are developed to be used by both scholarly and non-scholarly users. Since the use of citations in building arguments plays an important role in the legal domain, bibliometric information (such as citations) is an instrument to enhance legal information retrieval systems. This paper examines, through literature and data analysis, whether a bibliometric-enhanced ranking for legal information retrieval should consider both scholarly and nonscholarly publications, and whether this ranking could serve both user groups, or whether a distinction needs to be made. Their literature analysis suggests that for legal documents, there is no strict separation between scholarly and non-scholarly documents. There is no clear mark by which the two groups can be separated, and in as far as a distinction can be made, literature shows that both scholars and practitioners (non-scholars) use both types. They perform a data analysis to analyze this finding for legal information retrieval in practice, using citation and usage data from a legal search engine in the Netherlands. They first create a method to classify legal documents as either scholarly or non-scholarly based on criteria found in the literature. We then semi- automatically analyze a set of seed documents and register by what (type of) documents they are cited. This resulted in a set of 52 cited (seed) documents and 3086 citing documents. Based on the affiliation of users of the search engine, we analyzed the relation between user group and document type. The authors’ data analysis confirms the literature analysis and shows much crosscitations between scholarly and non-scholarly documents. In addition, we find that scholarly users often open non-scholarly documents and vice versa. Our results suggest that for use in legal information retrieval systems citations in legal documents measure part of a broad scope of impact, or relevance, on the entire legal field. This means that for bibliometric-enhanced ranking in legal information retrieval, both scholarly and non-scholarly documents should be considered. The disregard by both scholarly and non-scholarly users of the distinction between scholarly and non-scholarly publications also suggests that the affiliation of the user is not likely a suitable factor to differentiate rankings on. The data in combination with literature suggests that a differentiation on user intent might be more suitable.","PeriodicalId":42162,"journal":{"name":"Legal Information Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49044912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"LIM volume 22 issue 2 Cover and Back matter","authors":"","doi":"10.1017/s1472669622000214","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s1472669622000214","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":42162,"journal":{"name":"Legal Information Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48921676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editorial","authors":"David K. Wills","doi":"10.1017/s1472669622000135","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s1472669622000135","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":42162,"journal":{"name":"Legal Information Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43052791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Hire Purpose: Skills for Interviewers","authors":"Jas Breslin","doi":"10.1017/s147266962200007x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s147266962200007x","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract There is plenty of advice for those about to take an interview for a job, but what about if you're sitting on the other side of the table? Here Jas Breslin, Research & Information Services Manager at top city law firm Charles Russell Speechlys, guides us though the key things to keep in mind when you're the one asking the questions.","PeriodicalId":42162,"journal":{"name":"Legal Information Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46684160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editorial","authors":"David K. Wills","doi":"10.1017/s1472669622000020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s1472669622000020","url":null,"abstract":"[...]Channarong Intahchomphoo and Christian Tschirhart, who have written for the journal in the recent past, have authored an article entitled ‘The Evolution of Data and Freedom of Expression and Hate Speech Concerns with Artificial Intelligence’. Since the previous issue of the journal one of our Board members, Joanne Whalley, stepped down;she had made an important contribution to the work of Board as one of our proof-readers for a number of the recent LIM issues. [...]my thanks go to our colleagues at Cambridge University Press - Craig Baxter, Production Editor for Journals and Jamie Davidson, Editor, HSS Journals.","PeriodicalId":42162,"journal":{"name":"Legal Information Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49300305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recruiting for Success: Best Practices for Job Interviews","authors":"Victoria North","doi":"10.1017/s1472669622000068","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s1472669622000068","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This article is aimed at anyone who is responsible for recruiting staff and discusses how to prepare for a successful job interview. It is written in the context of a competitive recruitment market caused by the increased workload in law firms since the outbreak of the Covid-19 pandemic. The author, Victoria North, is a senior information professional with many years of experience of building successful teams. She shares some of the best practices she has learnt during her career.","PeriodicalId":42162,"journal":{"name":"Legal Information Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48751120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploration of Domain Relevance by Legal Professionals in Information Retrieval Systems","authors":"G. Wiggers, S. Verberne, G. Zwenne, Wouter van Loon","doi":"10.1017/S1472669622000093","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S1472669622000093","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This paper, written by Gineke Wiggers, Suzan Verberne, Gerrit-Jan Zwenne and Wouter Van Loon, addresses the concept of ‘relevance’ in relation to legal information retrieval (IR). They investigate whether the conceptual framework of relevance in legal IR, as described by Van Opijnen and Santos in their paper published in 2017, can be confirmed in practice.1 The research is conducted with a user questionnaire in which users of a legal IR system had to choose which of two results they would like to see ranked higher for a query and were asked to provide a reason for their choice. To avoid questions with an obvious answer and extract as much information as possible about the reasoning process, the search results were chosen to differ on relevance factors from the literature, where one result scores high on one factor, and the other on another factor. The questionnaire had eleven pairs of search results. A total of 43 legal professionals participated consisting of 14 legal information specialists, 6 legal scholars and 23 legal practitioners. The results confirmed the existence of domain relevance as described in the theoretical framework by Van Opijnen and Santos as published in 2017.2 Based on the factors mentioned by the respondents, the authors of this paper concluded that document type, recency, level of depth, legal hierarchy, authority, usability and whether a document is annotated are factors of domain relevance that are largely independent of the task context. The authors also investigated whether different sub-groups of users of legal IR systems (legal information specialists who are searching for others, legal scholars and also for legal practitioners) differ in terms of the factors they consider in judging the relevance of legal documents outside of a task context. Using a PERMANOVA there was found to be no significant difference in the factors reported by these groups. At this moment there is no reason to treat these sub-groups differently in legal IR systems.","PeriodicalId":42162,"journal":{"name":"Legal Information Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"56957344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"BIALL ‘State of the Nation’ Survey December 2021","authors":"Biall ‘State","doi":"10.1017/s1472669622000044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s1472669622000044","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":42162,"journal":{"name":"Legal Information Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41365789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}