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Los castillos Mayor y Real de la ciudad de Calatayud en el año 1371 a la luz de dos inventarios del Archivo Real 根据皇家档案馆的两份清单，卡拉塔尤市的主要城堡和皇家城堡在1371年
IF 0.4 3区 历史学
Gladius Pub Date : 2016-11-21 DOI: 10.3989/GLADIUS.2016.0007
Álvaro Cantos Carnicer
{"title":"Los castillos Mayor y Real de la ciudad de Calatayud en el año 1371 a la luz de dos inventarios del Archivo Real","authors":"Álvaro Cantos Carnicer","doi":"10.3989/GLADIUS.2016.0007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3989/GLADIUS.2016.0007","url":null,"abstract":"The text shows the study of two interesting inventories mentioning the objects of two castles (“Mayor” and “Real”) of Calatayud (Aragon), carried out in 1371. Firstly, the original text in Catalan of the Archive of the Crown of Aragon has been transcribed. The work is focused on the elements of armour, arms and artillery machines; the nature and function of every object have been researched, comparing, as far as possible, with other contemporary sources; the terminology has also been analysed and some evident Aragonese words have been found. This work has allowed to know the different elements existing in the castles, establishing their specificity, state and lacks, sometimes not easily explicable, as in the case of the crossbows. The meticulous description of the artillery machines is absolutely exceptional.","PeriodicalId":42057,"journal":{"name":"Gladius","volume":"36 1","pages":"141-160"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2016-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70059587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
A possible Roman Period sword from Grzybowo (Grzybowen), Masuria, NE Poland. The archaeological and technological context 一把可能是罗马时期的剑，来自波兰东北部马苏里亚的Grzybowo (Grzybowen)。考古和技术背景
IF 0.4 3区 历史学
Gladius Pub Date : 2016-11-21 DOI: 10.3989/GLADIUS.2016.0006
G. Żabiński, Aleksandra Rzeszotarska-Nowakiewicz, Tomasz Nowakiewicz, Bartosz Kontny, Paweł Kucypera
{"title":"A possible Roman Period sword from Grzybowo (Grzybowen), Masuria, NE Poland. The archaeological and technological context","authors":"G. Żabiński, Aleksandra Rzeszotarska-Nowakiewicz, Tomasz Nowakiewicz, Bartosz Kontny, Paweł Kucypera","doi":"10.3989/GLADIUS.2016.0006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3989/GLADIUS.2016.0006","url":null,"abstract":"The paper discusses a recent stray find of a sword fragment with a possible stamp from Masuria in NE Poland. It was found close to a Roman Period cemetery of the Bogaczewo Culture. On typological grounds, the sword can be classified as a Roman Period weapon. However, the results of metallographic examinations suggest that the find may have been made either from very clean bloomery steel (or hypoeutectoid crucible steel) or from mass-made Industrial Age steel (Bessemer, Thomas, Siemens-Martin, etc.). On the other hand, the chemical composition of the sword would rather imply a pre-Industrial Period steel. In conclusion, it is carefully suggested that the weapon may be a genuine Ancient sword, although its final recognition as a Roman Period weapon could only be verified by finds made from similar metal in undoubted Roman Period contexts.","PeriodicalId":42057,"journal":{"name":"Gladius","volume":"36 1","pages":"97-139"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2016-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70059955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Las espadas de hierro de la necrópolis de Son Pellisser; avance preliminar Son Pellisser墓地的铁剑;初步进展
IF 0.4 3区 历史学
Gladius Pub Date : 2016-11-21 DOI: 10.3989/GLADIUS.2016.0002
Agustín Fernández Martínez, Mercedes Alvarez Jurado-Figueroa
{"title":"Las espadas de hierro de la necrópolis de Son Pellisser; avance preliminar","authors":"Agustín Fernández Martínez, Mercedes Alvarez Jurado-Figueroa","doi":"10.3989/GLADIUS.2016.0002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3989/GLADIUS.2016.0002","url":null,"abstract":"This paper submits the iron swords from the necropolis of Son Pellisser (Calvia-Majorca). Although the materials that we find are numerous and still under research offer a preliminary study about three imported swords, found in burial objects, also their possible origin and way of introduction on the island. These weapons could be the first archaeological evidence that the Balearic mercenaries participated in the Wars of Sicily, between Carthaginians and Greeks, from the fifth century BC.","PeriodicalId":42057,"journal":{"name":"Gladius","volume":"36 1","pages":"33-47"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2016-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70058875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
El desarrollo de empuñadura de karabela de las espadas y sables: un estudio comparativo 卡拉贝拉剑柄与剑柄的发展:比较研究
IF 0.4 3区 历史学
Gladius Pub Date : 2016-11-21 DOI: 10.3989/GLADIUS.2016.0009
Denis Toichkin, Manouchehr Moshtagh Khorasani
{"title":"El desarrollo de empuñadura de karabela de las espadas y sables: un estudio comparativo","authors":"Denis Toichkin, Manouchehr Moshtagh Khorasani","doi":"10.3989/GLADIUS.2016.0009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3989/GLADIUS.2016.0009","url":null,"abstract":"The karabela hilt is described as a hilt with a crossguard and a pommel in the shape of a stylized head of a bird most often similar to a hawk. This type of handle was usually mounted on long cavalry saber blades. In general, karabela s were mounted with different types of blades, often those of a wedged-shape, curved blade of a classical Persian shamshir . The oldest karabela s (of Turkish origin or based on Turkish models) that are preserved in the museums of Poland, generally have blades with a raised back edge called a yelman . The main feature of the socalled `saber of hawk`, a characteristic form of a curved pommel resembling the head of a hawk and a cross guard, is closely associated with karabela . The main goal of the present article is to do a comparative study on different sources on sabers and swords with a karabela hilt and try to establish an origin of this type of hilt.","PeriodicalId":42057,"journal":{"name":"Gladius","volume":"36 1","pages":"181-197"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2016-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70059631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Sacrificios caninos en las Jándicas: una hipótesis sobre el culto a Enodia en el ejército macedonio 犬科动物祭祀:关于马其顿军队中伊诺迪亚崇拜的假设
IF 0.4 3区 历史学
Gladius Pub Date : 2016-11-21 DOI: 10.3989/GLADIUS.2016.0004
M. Villanueva
{"title":"Sacrificios caninos en las Jándicas: una hipótesis sobre el culto a Enodia en el ejército macedonio","authors":"M. Villanueva","doi":"10.3989/GLADIUS.2016.0004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3989/GLADIUS.2016.0004","url":null,"abstract":"The dismemberment of a female dog as a purification ceremony before a ritual combat that the Macedonian army held in the Xandica, could be related to Ennodia goddess, an equivalent to Hecate in the Thessalian and Macedonian context. From the historical sources statements and the archaeological remains, we try to prove this hypothesis, in which we present the possibility that this ritual was incorporated with Thessalian troops that Philip II introduced in the Macedonian army in the context of the deep military reform developed when he came to the head of the kingdom.","PeriodicalId":42057,"journal":{"name":"Gladius","volume":"36 1","pages":"59-76"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2016-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70058998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
“Cruzando aceros”. El comercio de espadas entre España e Italia en los siglos XVI y XVII “在钢材对面。”16和17世纪西班牙和意大利之间的剑贸易
IF 0.4 3区 历史学
Gladius Pub Date : 2016-11-21 DOI: 10.3989/GLADIUS.2016.0008
R. M. G. Pascual
{"title":"“Cruzando aceros”. El comercio de espadas entre España e Italia en los siglos XVI y XVII","authors":"R. M. G. Pascual","doi":"10.3989/GLADIUS.2016.0008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3989/GLADIUS.2016.0008","url":null,"abstract":"This paper analyses sword trade between Spain and Italy in sixteenth and seventeenth centuries through the study of two commercial routes used by European commercial networks from two unpublished sources: Archivio di Stato di Firenze and Archivo Historico de Protocolos de Granada. Firstly, we will examine sword importation through Leghorn, port of Florence and Tuscany, from the Spanish ports of Cadiz and Alicante, among others. Secondly, we will analyse Italian sword trade carried out by Genoese commercial companies placed in Granada. These merchants supplied swordsmiths from Granada —almost unknown by historiography— with Italian sword blades from Milan, Brescia, Serravalle and Genoa.","PeriodicalId":42057,"journal":{"name":"Gladius","volume":"36 1","pages":"161-179"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2016-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70059599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Lanzas largas y tácticas de los Germanos occidentales en el siglo I D. C. (según la descripción de Tácito) 公元一世纪西日耳曼人的长矛和战术(根据塔西佗的描述)
IF 0.4 3区 历史学
Gladius Pub Date : 2016-11-21 DOI: 10.3989/GLADIUS.2016.0003
Alexander K. Nefedkin
{"title":"Lanzas largas y tácticas de los Germanos occidentales en el siglo I D. C. (según la descripción de Tácito)","authors":"Alexander K. Nefedkin","doi":"10.3989/GLADIUS.2016.0003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3989/GLADIUS.2016.0003","url":null,"abstract":"In the battle array the German warriors with long spears and large shields stood at the front since their shields were of no use within the ranks. The size of the shields provided good protection against enemy weapons and therefore armor was not very necessary for the warriors. On the other hand, the lack of armor encourages the development of good coverage by a large shield. Behind the shield-bearers stood a large body of warriors armed with missiles: the Germans were armed with spears and javelins. During close combat the shield-bearers covered their throwers from enemy attack. Extending their long spears forward, they did not allow the enemy to approach closely, striking him from a distance. Large shields protected well against missiles both the shield-bearers and the throwers standing behind them. The elementary tactics of the Germans gives us the key to understanding the interaction on the battlefield of throwers and warriors armed with long spears and shields.","PeriodicalId":42057,"journal":{"name":"Gladius","volume":"36 1","pages":"49-58"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2016-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70058939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Catalina Alfonso: una “maestra de fazer pólvora” durante el reinado de los Reyes Católicos 卡塔琳娜·阿方索:天主教君主统治时期的“火药大师”
IF 0.4 3区 历史学
Gladius Pub Date : 2015-12-30 DOI: 10.3989/GLADIUS.2015.0006
Rita Ríos de la Llave
{"title":"Catalina Alfonso: una “maestra de fazer pólvora” durante el reinado de los Reyes Católicos","authors":"Rita Ríos de la Llave","doi":"10.3989/GLADIUS.2015.0006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3989/GLADIUS.2015.0006","url":null,"abstract":"The discovery of a document about a woman who was a master in gunpowder during the reign of the Catholic Kings allows for reflection on the role of women in the exercise of military activity in the Middle Ages. Unlike thesis which tends to prioritize the role of women as victims of war and perform auxiliary or defensive tasks, it is concluded that there were medieval women who played more active works, for example in the art of gunpowder, although their labour has been unnoticed. A comparative method has been used to try to determine how the female protagonist of this work could have this trade, and it has served to highlight some gender differences in the practice of military activities.","PeriodicalId":42057,"journal":{"name":"Gladius","volume":"35 1","pages":"105-116"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2015-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70058735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
The Iron Tunic from Vimose (Funen, Denmark): Further Research into the Construction of Mail Garments 维莫斯(丹麦富南)的铁制束腰外衣:对盔甲结构的进一步研究
IF 0.4 3区 历史学
Gladius Pub Date : 2015-12-30 DOI: 10.3989/GLADIUS.2015.0005
Martijn A. Wijnhoven
{"title":"The Iron Tunic from Vimose (Funen, Denmark): Further Research into the Construction of Mail Garments","authors":"Martijn A. Wijnhoven","doi":"10.3989/GLADIUS.2015.0005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3989/GLADIUS.2015.0005","url":null,"abstract":"La cota de malla de Vimose (Fionia, Dinamarca) se encuentra en un estado extraordinario pese a corresponder a un artefacto de epoca Romana. Un examen detallado demuestra que su confeccion es muy similar a las tunicas romanas y difiere de las cotas de malla medievales. Los apliques para regular la apertura del cuello parecen un fenomeno germanico local. Precisamente esta mezcla de elementos germanicos y romanos en la cota de Vimose es excelente evidencia para el estudio de la manufactura local de las cotas de malla en el ambito germanico septentrional.","PeriodicalId":42057,"journal":{"name":"Gladius","volume":"35 1","pages":"77-104"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2015-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70058694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 7
Warfare and socio-political hierarchies: reflections on non-State societies of the Predynastic Nile Valley 战争和社会政治等级:对前王朝时期尼罗河谷非国家社会的反思
IF 0.4 3区 历史学
Gladius Pub Date : 2015-12-30 DOI: 10.3989/GLADIUS.2015.0001
Augusto Gayubas
{"title":"Warfare and socio-political hierarchies: reflections on non-State societies of the Predynastic Nile Valley","authors":"Augusto Gayubas","doi":"10.3989/GLADIUS.2015.0001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3989/GLADIUS.2015.0001","url":null,"abstract":"In a recent article, anthropologist Robert L. Carneiro reassessed his most debated hypothesis about the emergence of chiefdoms and the State as a result of environmental or social circumscription, theorized for a series of historical contexts including that of the Predynastic Nile Valley. The problem of the origin of the State is beyond our scope, but regarding the emergence of institutionalized leadership and chiefdoms in the Nile Valley, Carneiro’s ideas about warfare as a main factor in the process of social change remain interesting, even when his insistence in circumscription is still debatable. The aim of the present paper is to briefly review the available archaeological evidence of warfare among non-State societies of the Predynastic Nile Valley, and to evaluate its possible relation to the emergence of socio-political hierarchies, in turn refering to and criticizing some of Carneiro’s recent ideas about the issue.","PeriodicalId":42057,"journal":{"name":"Gladius","volume":"35 1","pages":"7-20"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2015-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70058391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
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