Intelligenza Artificiale最新文献

{"title":"Trademarks: The retrospect, definitions, partial tools of research","authors":"Yu.V. Zhil'tsova, A. V. Zhil'tsova, O. Pavlova","doi":"10.24891/IA.24.2.206","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24891/IA.24.2.206","url":null,"abstract":"Subject. Currently, the growing competition and the economic crisis make manufacturers and sellers actively use trademarks so as to win new business and retain customers. Over 80 percent of any buying decision depend on the visual information, rather than the reasonable approach. Legal issues of trademark use in business relations draw the attention of professional and scientific communities in Russia and abroad, dating back to far away times.\u0000Objectives. We provide the rationale for a clearer definition of trademark for purposes of legal relations, examine the partial tools for studying verbal trademarks, and conduct an experiment to prove the efficiency of tachistoscopic tools for trademark studies as part of legal examinations.\u0000Methods. The study is based on general and partial methods of research. Studying verbal trademarks, the use of tachistoscopic tools helped conduct an experiment and make conclusions, notwithstanding a small sample.\u0000Results. Trademarks circulated in business affairs even in the A.C. times. In the second half of the 19th century, advanced economies set up the legislative framework on personalization means. All corresponding regulations are still being improved consistently. The systems approach and generalization helped sort out priority views on the concept trademark and coin a more specific term, which is important for scientific and practical activities of lawyers, managers and economists. Drawing upon the experiment, we made respective conclusions and suggest extrapolating them to similar studies as part of legal examinations.\u0000Conclusions and Relevance. Trademark is a construct of law from professionals' perspectives and a symbol attracting people’s attention to goods as ordinary people perceive it. In mixed economies, consumers’ perception of goods significantly determines the producer’s market position. Therefore, many market actors need to specify the concept trademark, including legal departments of companies. Trademark disputes have become more frequent cases heard by the Russian arbitration courts. So, the specified definition and the experiment are of scientific and applied value. The findings are designated to improve the legislative framework for personalization means. The tools and findings we present in our experiment can serve not only for scientific, but also practical purposes of legal examinations concerning verbal trademarks. They will also work for teaching on legal disciplines.","PeriodicalId":42055,"journal":{"name":"Intelligenza Artificiale","volume":"22 1","pages":"206-226"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2021-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47363070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Code of Ethics for Professional Accountants: Modern tendencies and principles","authors":"E. Makarenko","doi":"10.24891/IA.24.2.128","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24891/IA.24.2.128","url":null,"abstract":"Subject. Choosing the code of ethics for professional accountants' thinking and moral activity appears to become a key to a higher professional status. It is necessary to ensure the commercial comfort as much as possible for professional accountants to demonstrate their knowledge and observe professional principles.\u0000Objectives. I carry out a systemic study into advantages that help accountants respect professional principles of ethics.\u0000Methods. The study relies upon the modeling of economic cases, analyzes and synthesizes the information with reference to accounting and management.\u0000Results. The article discusses the relationship of the thinking and ethical activity of professional accountants as part of their professional activity that makes them observe the code of professional conduct. I add unusual cases of economic threats companies face to the evident relationship of the ethical principles and typical threats that influence the performance of professional accountants. With all the threats and causes combined, professional accountants sometimes have to depart from professional principles of ethics. Having this in mind, I substantiate the possibility of deriving the highest and lowest effects from the moral activity of accountants, which reflects the quality of their thinking activity. To elevate the professional status and reinforce the code of ethics for professional accountants, I prove that the accountant's professional knowledge influences the business image of a respective entity. The article shows that the motivation is important to raise the professional accountants' responsibility as part of their thinking and moral activities.\u0000Conclusions and Relevance. Studying the impact of the relationship between the moral and thinking activity of professional accountants on their performance can be useful to set certain relations between accountants and their employers. If the professional accountant takes his/her best efforts to develop the business and social image of the company, observing the professional code of ethics, while the employer manages to motivate the accountants, they will build the effective business management and mitigate economic risks.","PeriodicalId":42055,"journal":{"name":"Intelligenza Artificiale","volume":"22 1","pages":"128-141"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2021-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44133733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Accounting for non-financial tangible assets: Convergence with IFRS, achievements, challenges, prospects","authors":"T. Druzhilovskaya","doi":"10.24891/IA.24.2.142","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24891/IA.24.2.142","url":null,"abstract":"Subject. This article discusses the problems of accounting for non-financial tangible assets associated with the introduction of new FSBU (Russian Federal Accounting Standards) for commercial organizations and non-profit organizations outside the public sector.\u0000Objectives. The article aims to study and systematize the impact of the new FSBU regulations on the accounting for non-financial tangible assets, justify the convergence of this accounting with IFRS regulations, identify problems, and justify the prospects for their solution.\u0000Methods. For the study, I used the methods of critical analysis, synthesis, comparison, observation, and the analogy approach.\u0000Results. The article describes the impact of the adoption of the new FSBU on the accounting for non-financial tangible assets, such as inventories, fixed assets, investment real estate, biological assets. It identifies the degree to which this accounting is linked to IFRS regulations, as well as the problems associated with the recognition, evaluation and reflection in the reporting of non-financial tangible assets in the reporting of Russian organizations as a result of the introduction of the new FSBU. The article shows the prospects for solving the problematic aspects of accounting for non-financial tangible assets of Russian organizations.\u0000Conclusions and Relevance. The introduction of the new FSBU will help significantly bring the accounting for non-financial tangible assets to IFRS requirements. The introduction of the new FSBU does not eliminate all differences from IFRS requirements in accounting for and reporting of non-financial tangible assets of Russian organizations. Solving the problematic aspects of the introduction of regulations of the new FSBU will contribute to the prospects for further reform of the Russian accounting. The results obtained have both applied and theoretical applications in the field of financial accounting.","PeriodicalId":42055,"journal":{"name":"Intelligenza Artificiale","volume":"22 1","pages":"142-165"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2021-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46301046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Geometric Piecewise Cubic Bézier Interpolating Polynomial with C2 Continuity","authors":"Mustafa Fadhel, Z. Omar","doi":"10.15622/IA.2021.20.1.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15622/IA.2021.20.1.5","url":null,"abstract":"Bézier curve is a parametric polynomial that is applied to produce good piecewise interpolation methods with more advantage over the other piecewise polynomials. It is, therefore, crucial to construct Bézier curves that are smooth and able to increase the accuracy of the solutions. Most of the known strategies for determining internal control points for piecewise Bezier curves achieve only partial smoothness, satisfying the first order of continuity. Some solutions allow you to construct interpolation polynomials with smoothness in width along the approximating curve. However, they are still unable to handle the locations of the inner control points. The partial smoothness and non-controlling locations of inner control points may affect the accuracy of the approximate curve of the dataset. In order to improve the smoothness and accuracy of the previous strategies, а new piecewise cubic Bézier polynomial with second-order of continuity C2 is proposed in this study to estimate missing values. The proposed method employs geometric construction to find the inner control points for each adjacent subinterval of the given dataset. Not only the proposed method preserves stability and smoothness, the error analysis of numerical results also indicates that the resultant interpolating polynomial is more accurate than the ones produced by the existing methods.","PeriodicalId":42055,"journal":{"name":"Intelligenza Artificiale","volume":"20 1","pages":"133-159"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2021-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45844585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Models and Methods for Discovery of Local Area Network Topology with Incomplete Data","authors":"A. Aleshkin, S. Balakirev, V. Nevzorov, P. Savochkin","doi":"10.15622/IA.2021.20.1.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15622/IA.2021.20.1.3","url":null,"abstract":"A lot of network  management tasks require a description of the logical and physical computer network topology. Obtaining such a description in an automatic way is complicated due to the possibility of incompleteness and incorrectness of the initial data on the network structure. This article provides  a study on the properties of incomplete initial data on network device connectivity on the link layer. Methods for generalized handling of the heterogeneous input data on the link layer are included. We describe models and methods for deriving  a missing part of the data, as well as the condition in which it is possible to get a single correct network topology description. The article includes algorithms for building a link layer topology description from incomplete data when this data is possible to fulfill up to the required level. Also, we provide methods for detecting and resolving an ambiguity in the data and methods for improving incorrect initial data. The tests and evaluations provided in the article demonstrate the applicability and effectiveness of the build methods for discovering  various heterogeneous real-life networks. Additionally,  we show the advantages of the provided methods over the previous analogs: our methods are able to derive up to 99% data on link layer connectivity in polynomial time; able to provide a correct solution from an ambiguous data.","PeriodicalId":42055,"journal":{"name":"Intelligenza Artificiale","volume":"20 1","pages":"68-93"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2021-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45559976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Models and methods for local area network topology discovery with incomplete data","authors":"A. Andreev, A. Shabaev","doi":"10.15622/IA.2021.20.1.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15622/IA.2021.20.1.6","url":null,"abstract":"A lot of network management tasks require a description of the logical and physical computer network topology. Obtaining such a description in an automatic way is complicated due to the possibility of incompleteness and incorrectness of the initial data on the network structure. This article provides a study on the properties of incomplete initial data on network device connectivity on the link layer. Methods for generalized handling of the heterogeneous input data on the link layer are included. We describe models and methods for deriving a missing part of the data, as well as the condition in which it is possible to get a single correct network topology description. The article includes algorithms for building a link layer topology description from incomplete data when this data is possible to fulfill up to the required level. Also, we provide methods for detecting and resolving an ambiguity in the data and methods for improving incorrect initial data. Tests and evaluations provided in the article demonstrate the applicability and effectiveness of the build methods for discovering various heterogeneous real-life networks. Additionally, we show advantages of the provided methods over the previous analogs: our methods are able to derive up to 99% data on link layer connectivity in polynomial time; able to provide a correct solution from an ambiguous data.","PeriodicalId":42055,"journal":{"name":"Intelligenza Artificiale","volume":"20 1","pages":"160-180"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2021-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42886403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stability of Tracking the Delay of Phase-shift Keyed Signals with Spectrum Expanding in Synchronization Systems of Radio Engineering Systems","authors":"G. Maltsev, A. Evteev","doi":"10.15622/IA.2021.20.1.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15622/IA.2021.20.1.1","url":null,"abstract":"The issues of ensuring the stability of delay tracking in synchronization systems of radio engineering systems when receiving phase-shift keyed signals with spectrum expansion based on pseudorandom sequences are considered. When working with moving objects, the delay of the received signal continuously changes, synchronization errors occur, and the quality of signal reception largely depends on the stability of the tracking scheme for the delay, characterized by the probability of tracking failure. Delay tracking is usually considered as the main task of the synchronization system of the considered radio systems with phase-manipulated signals with spectrum expansion based on pseudo-random sequences. \u0000The effect of synchronization errors when tracking the delay of a received phase-shift keyed signal with a spectrum extension based on pseudorandom sequences on the probability of tracking failure is studied. The calculation method is used to obtain families of dependences of the probability of tracking failure on the values of random and systematic components of the delay tracking error, normalized to the capture band of the time discriminator of the delay tracking scheme for various combinations of these parameters. The areas of weak and strong influence of the value of tracking errors over the delay of the received signal on the probability of tracking failure are determined. The nature of impact of random and systematic components of tracking error on the probability of failure of tracking was analyzed and it was found that in the General case is the ambiguity of normalized mean square of tracking error as the optimization criterion while minimizing the likelihood of tracking loss. \u0000Calculations performed for a wide range of changes in the normalized delay tracking errors show that to ensure a given quality of signal reception in a radio system with phase-shift keyed signals with spectrum expansion based on pseudorandom sequences, a joint choice of parameters of the delay tracking system that determine the value of random and systematic components of the tracking error is necessary. The results obtained can be used to analyze the characteristics of synchronization systems that monitor the parameters of received signals with a spectrum extension, and to justify the technical solutions of the synchronization system that provide the required quality of signal reception in information and measurement of radio-electronic systems.","PeriodicalId":42055,"journal":{"name":"Intelligenza Artificiale","volume":"20 1","pages":"16-42"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2021-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67104526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"VALIDACIÓN DEL MÉTODO PARA LA DETERMINACIÓN DE ORO POR ENSAYO AL FUEGO COMBINADO CON ESPECTROMETRÍA DE ABSORCIÓN ATÓMICA EN MUESTRAS GEOLÓGICAS MINERAS METALÚRGICAS","authors":"Diana Buitrón O., Diego Barona D., Francisco Iturra M., Johana León F.","doi":"10.26807/IA.V9I1.188","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26807/IA.V9I1.188","url":null,"abstract":"La presente investigación describe el proceso de validación del método para la determinación de oro por ensayo al fuego combinado con espectrofotometría de absorción atómica en sedimentos, rocas, concentrados y relaves, con el objetivo de obtener resultados confiables. En el estudio se establecieron los parámetros de validación, los cuales son: límite de detección (LD), límite de cuantificación (LC), intervalo de trabajo, linealidad, selectividad y especificidad, repetibilidad y precisión intermedia, veracidad e incertidumbre, y sus criterios de cumplimiento. Mediante análisis estadístico de los resultados experimentales, y junto a los criterios de aceptación y rechazo, se evaluaron los parámetros de validación antes mencionados. Finalmente, el método implementado por el laboratorio químico del IIGE para la determinación de oro, se declara validado en muestras de sedimentos, rocas, concentrados y relaves.","PeriodicalId":42055,"journal":{"name":"Intelligenza Artificiale","volume":"9 1","pages":"119-136"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2021-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42515656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"COMPARACIÓN DE LA RELACIÓN DE FENOLES TOTALES, FLAVONOIDES Y CAPACIDAD ANTIOXIDANTE EN BRÁCTEAS DE DOS VARIEDADES DE BOUGAINVILLEA GLABRA CHOISY","authors":"Carmita Jaramillo J., Juan C. Armijos A., Raquel Cedeño S., Mercedes Campo F., L. Rojas","doi":"10.26807/IA.V9I1.203","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26807/IA.V9I1.203","url":null,"abstract":"Con el objetivo de comparar la relación existente entre el contenido de fenoles totales, flavonoides y la capacidad antioxidante en las brácteas naranjas y moradas de Bougainvillea glabra Choisy, se obtuvieron extractos secos (ES) a partir de muestras de brácteas secas y molidas utilizando como disolvente una mezcla hidroalcohólica (50 %) y sonicación. Los contenidos promedios de fenoles totales (mg de EAG/g ES) y de flavonoides (mg EQ/g ES) resultaron ser los más altos en la variedad naranja. Se evaluó la capacidad antioxidante usando el método de la inhibición del radical libre 2,2-difenil-1-picrilhidrazilo (DPPH.), obteniéndose que las brácteas naranjas presentaron la mayor capacidad antioxidante, con una concentración inhibitoria del 50 % (CI50) promedio de 37 mg/mL, mientras que en la variedad morada el CI50 fue de 270 mg/mL. La correlación entre fenoles y flavonoides resultó ser altamente positiva, mientras que entre estos compuestos químicos y la capacidad antioxidante fue altamente negativa. Ambas muestras de B. glabra exhiben potencial antioxidante, siendo la superior en las brácteas de color naranja, y con relaciones significativas positivas (p<0,05) con los niveles de fenoles totales y flavonoides.","PeriodicalId":42055,"journal":{"name":"Intelligenza Artificiale","volume":"9 1","pages":"167-179"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2021-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42590217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Holding Geostationary Satellite at Given Standing Point, Taking into Account Additional Phase Restrictions","authors":"V. Gorbulin, E. Kotyashov, V. Chernyavskiy, N. Gruzdev","doi":"10.15622/IA.2021.20.1.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15622/IA.2021.20.1.2","url":null,"abstract":"The active lifetime of orbital facilities in the geostationary orbit (GSO), which include stationary artificial earth satellites (SAES) for various purposes, can be more than 15 years. At the same time, in modern conditions of orbital grouping increment, the number of space debris, including those on the GSO, also increases: SAES, which have finished its active lifetime and were not transferred to disposal orbit for some reasons, shards of SAES appeared from collision with meteors or accidents. This leads to the increase of probability of collisions with active SAESs. The listed factors determine the need of considering not only the problem of keeping SAESs in vicinities of position, but also the task of avoiding collisions with space debris objects (SDO), while the costs of the working fluid should not increase. \u0000A great attention is being paid to rational power units placing during the projection of new space shuttles, especially those with long useful lifetime. In this article, it is assumed that SESs are equipped with several correction motors, which make it possible to create control accelerations in only several directions, without changing the orientation of the SES itself. In other words, in this task it is assumed that the corrections of the parameters of the AES orbit do not affect the orientation of the SAES itself. This condition is a severe limitation in the synthesis of the SES’s control system. \u0000In the considered methodological approach, the costs of the working fluid are set as a functionality from control, which are necessary to perform the next correction, after which the SAES will not have dangerous distances and approaching in projection horizon’s interval. This makes it possible to avoid situations when the decision on control is being made after the SES leaves the vicinity of the station point, and first of all, the approach to the SDO at a distance less than a liminal one. This article provides the results of modeling, which indicate the effectiveness of the proposed solutions. \u0000An important advantage compared with the existing methods is the consideration of the movement of the SAES relatively not only to the stationary point, but also to several other objects located in its vicinity, both controlled and uncontrolled. Moreover, there can be any given number of objects.","PeriodicalId":42055,"journal":{"name":"Intelligenza Artificiale","volume":"20 1","pages":"43-67"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2021-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42064091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}