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Journal of International Humanitarian Legal Studies最新文献

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Giovanni Mantilla, Lawmaking Under Pressure: International Humanitarian Law and Internal Armed Conflict 压力下的立法:国际人道法与国内武装冲突
IF 0.9
Journal of International Humanitarian Legal Studies Pub Date : 2021-09-09 DOI: 10.1163/18781527-BJA10033
D. Matyas
{"title":"Giovanni Mantilla, Lawmaking Under Pressure: International Humanitarian Law and Internal Armed Conflict","authors":"D. Matyas","doi":"10.1163/18781527-BJA10033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/18781527-BJA10033","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":41905,"journal":{"name":"Journal of International Humanitarian Legal Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2021-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45672323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
‘Guilty of Having Been Obedient’ “因听话而有罪”
IF 0.9
Journal of International Humanitarian Legal Studies Pub Date : 2021-06-17 DOI: 10.1163/18781527-bja10031
E. Owusu
{"title":"‘Guilty of Having Been Obedient’","authors":"E. Owusu","doi":"10.1163/18781527-bja10031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/18781527-bja10031","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000One of the most debated subjects among academics and experts in the fields of International Humanitarian Law and International Criminal Law is the principle of individual criminal responsibility for war crimes. Even more contentious is that aspect of the principle relating to crimes committed under superior orders – a legal strategy employed by many defendants at the Nuremberg war crimes trials. This paper contributes to the debate by establishing the extent to which Article 33 of the Rome Statute, which adopts the conditional liability approach, is justified. The article achieves its objective by critically discussing the subject from a combination of legal, psychological and moral philosophical perspectives. It presents a historical account of the superior orders defence, highlighting how two conflicting liability doctrines, absolute liability and conditional liability, have traditionally been applied by the courts, and taking a stance in favour of the latter. The article, however, underlines some pressing questions that Article 33 raises. It offers a brief exegesis of the emotion of fear to show how it may destroy voluntariness, arguing that as a modifier of voluntariness, grave fear, in certain circumstances, should exculpate perpetrators in claims of crime under superior orders, even where the orders were manifestly unlawful.","PeriodicalId":41905,"journal":{"name":"Journal of International Humanitarian Legal Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2021-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43006432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Referral of the Situation in Venezuela to the International Criminal Court: The Office of the Prosecutor Should Not Step In… Yet 将委内瑞拉局势提交国际刑事法院:检察官办公室不应介入
IF 0.9
Journal of International Humanitarian Legal Studies Pub Date : 2021-05-31 DOI: 10.1163/18781527-BJA10028
I. Garfunkel
{"title":"The Referral of the Situation in Venezuela to the International Criminal Court: The Office of the Prosecutor Should Not Step In… Yet","authors":"I. Garfunkel","doi":"10.1163/18781527-BJA10028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/18781527-BJA10028","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000On 26 September 2018, six American States Parties to the Rome Statute referred the Situation in Venezuela to the Office of the Prosecutor (‘OTP’) of the International Criminal Court, regarding crimes against humanity. Those States rested on Article 14 of the Rome Statute to proceed. That referral – namely, crimes committed outside the territory of the referring State(s) – was the second of its kind received by the icc in its more than 15-year working history. The otp is currently considering the referral under the so-called ‘Preliminary Examination’ stage, wherein the admissibility test is likely to be addressed within the complementarity principle, according to Article 17 of the Rome Statute. Despite the duty to exercise their criminal jurisdiction, as the Preamble to the Rome Statue stipulates, and the fact that those six American States recognize some sort of extraterritorial jurisdiction, those States remained inactive. What should the otp do when six democracies, who are able to act, do not even try to launch an investigation for crimes they have expressed concerns about, without providing an explanation for their inactivity? This article will analyse how the otp should deal with this referral in terms of the complementarity principle, having regard to the positive approach to complementarity. Accordingly, it will be argued that the Prosecutor should refrain from intervening until those States attempt to act and/or, in case of legal or factual inability, justify the referral.","PeriodicalId":41905,"journal":{"name":"Journal of International Humanitarian Legal Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2021-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46162084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Prolonged Occupation and Exploitation of Natural Resources 自然资源的长期占用和开发
IF 0.9
Journal of International Humanitarian Legal Studies Pub Date : 2021-05-03 DOI: 10.1163/18781527-BJA10029
Emilia Pabian
{"title":"Prolonged Occupation and Exploitation of Natural Resources","authors":"Emilia Pabian","doi":"10.1163/18781527-BJA10029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/18781527-BJA10029","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000During recent years, natural gas reserves have been located off the coast of Cyprus and their possible exploitation has drawn the attention of Turkey, which has been in occupation of Northern Cyprus for decades. This contribution explores whether the law of occupation could provide a legal basis for the exploitation by Turkey of Northern Cyprus’ natural gas, specifically considering the prolonged nature of the occupation. It argues that Turkey is obliged to comply with the restrictive rules governing the use of natural resources in occupied territories. Furthermore, this contribution discusses the argument that during prolonged occupations an occupying power should be granted more leeway in imposing wider ranging initiatives to prevent the local population’s developmental stagnation, including more extensive natural resource exploitation. However, this contribution argues that granting such leeway has the potential to entrench the authority of the occupant into a state of permanency under the guise of legitimacy.","PeriodicalId":41905,"journal":{"name":"Journal of International Humanitarian Legal Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2021-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45708014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Applying Humanitarian Law: A Review of the Legal Status of the Turkey–Kurdistan Workers’ Party (pkk) Conflict 人道主义法的适用：土耳其-库尔德斯坦工人党冲突的法律地位考察
IF 0.9
Journal of International Humanitarian Legal Studies Pub Date : 2021-03-25 DOI: 10.1163/18781527-BJA10026
Deniz Arbet Nejbir
{"title":"Applying Humanitarian Law: A Review of the Legal Status of the Turkey–Kurdistan Workers’ Party (pkk) Conflict","authors":"Deniz Arbet Nejbir","doi":"10.1163/18781527-BJA10026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/18781527-BJA10026","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000This article assesses the applicability of the criteria for non-international armed conflict to the situation in South-Eastern Turkey. It demonstrates that the Kurdistan Workers’ Party (also known as the pkk), as a party to the conflict, fulfils the three main criteria laid down in conventional international humanitarian law and developed by indicative factors in international jurisprudence for assessing the existence of a non-international armed conflict in the context of Common Article 3 to the 1949 Geneva Conventions: being an organised armed group, having the ability to engage in ‘protracted violence’, and complying with law of armed conflict. It establishes that the pkk qualifies as an organised armed group under responsible command and has the operational ability, structure and capacity to carry out ‘protracted violence’, to respect fundamental humanitarian norms of international humanitarian law and to control territory. The article also ascertains that Turkey is clearly bound by the provisions of the four Geneva Conventions of 1949, including Common Article 3, and customary international humanitarian law. Accordingly, it concludes that the conflict between the pkk and the Turkish security forces qualifies as a non-international armed conflict within the meaning of both Common Article 3 and customary international humanitarian law.","PeriodicalId":41905,"journal":{"name":"Journal of International Humanitarian Legal Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2021-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47431189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Fact-Finding in Situations of Atrocities: In Search of Legitimacy 暴行情况下的事实调查:寻找合法性
IF 0.9
Journal of International Humanitarian Legal Studies Pub Date : 2021-03-15 DOI: 10.1163/18781527-BJA10027
P. Parisi
{"title":"Fact-Finding in Situations of Atrocities: In Search of Legitimacy","authors":"P. Parisi","doi":"10.1163/18781527-BJA10027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/18781527-BJA10027","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000While international inquiries have long been used by states and international organisations to address situations of human rights violations, it is only since the turn of the millennium that they have increasingly become the focus of academic reflection. Harwood’s book is unique in that it represents the first effort at systematically surveying and systematising the practice of atrocity-related UN inquiries. In this essay, building on both the arguments set out in the book and other relevant scholarship, I propose three lenses to read through Harwood’s meticulous review of the practice of UN inquiries: legitimacy, juridification, and roles and functions. While Harwood makes a largely critical-descriptive argument that positions atrocity-related UN inquiries in the liminal space between principle and pragmatism, I contend that any discussion about the roles and functions of international inquiries should be informed by a reflection on their legitimacy.","PeriodicalId":41905,"journal":{"name":"Journal of International Humanitarian Legal Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2021-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44181407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Noelle Higgins, The Protection of Cultural Heritage during Armed Conflict: The Changing Paradigms 诺埃尔·希金斯:《武装冲突中的文化遗产保护:不断变化的范式》
IF 0.9
Journal of International Humanitarian Legal Studies Pub Date : 2021-01-12 DOI: 10.1163/18781527-12010001
A. Jakubowski
{"title":"Noelle Higgins, The Protection of Cultural Heritage during Armed Conflict: The Changing Paradigms","authors":"A. Jakubowski","doi":"10.1163/18781527-12010001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/18781527-12010001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":41905,"journal":{"name":"Journal of International Humanitarian Legal Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2021-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42942635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Nicholas Tsagourias and Alasdair Morrison (eds), International Humanitarian Law: Cases, Materials and Commentary 尼古拉斯·察古里亚斯和阿拉斯代尔·莫里森主编，《国际人道法:案例、材料和评论》
IF 0.9
Journal of International Humanitarian Legal Studies Pub Date : 2021-01-12 DOI: 10.1163/18781527-12010002
D. Turns
{"title":"Nicholas Tsagourias and Alasdair Morrison (eds), International Humanitarian Law: Cases, Materials and Commentary","authors":"D. Turns","doi":"10.1163/18781527-12010002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/18781527-12010002","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":41905,"journal":{"name":"Journal of International Humanitarian Legal Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2021-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45157897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Peer Reviewers of Volume 11 第11卷的同行评审
IF 0.9
Journal of International Humanitarian Legal Studies Pub Date : 2020-12-09 DOI: 10.1163/18781527-01102016
{"title":"Peer Reviewers of Volume 11","authors":"","doi":"10.1163/18781527-01102016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/18781527-01102016","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":41905,"journal":{"name":"Journal of International Humanitarian Legal Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2020-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46384184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Disputed Territories and International Criminal Law: Israeli Settlements and the International Criminal Court, written by Simon McKenzie 《争议领土与国际刑法:以色列定居点与国际刑事法院》，西蒙·麦肯齐著
IF 0.9
Journal of International Humanitarian Legal Studies Pub Date : 2020-12-09 DOI: 10.1163/18781527-bja10019
H. Jöbstl
{"title":"Disputed Territories and International Criminal Law: Israeli Settlements and the International Criminal Court, written by Simon McKenzie","authors":"H. Jöbstl","doi":"10.1163/18781527-bja10019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/18781527-bja10019","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":41905,"journal":{"name":"Journal of International Humanitarian Legal Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2020-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41936510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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