African Historical Review最新文献_第9页

Legacy Underplayed or Ignored? Tsietsi Mashinini: The Forgotten Warrior of South Africa's Liberation Struggle 遗产被低估还是被忽视？Tsietsi Mashinini：南非解放斗争中被遗忘的战士

African Historical Review Pub Date : 2017-07-03 DOI: 10.1080/17532523.2017.1414675

K. Maphunye

{"title":"Legacy Underplayed or Ignored? Tsietsi Mashinini: The Forgotten Warrior of South Africa's Liberation Struggle","authors":"K. Maphunye","doi":"10.1080/17532523.2017.1414675","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17532523.2017.1414675","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Tsietsi Mashinini symbolises youth resistance to racism and imperialism after he heroically led the June 16 1976 Soweto student uprisings that defied South Africa's apartheid government. Subsequently, the United Nations condemned apartheid as a crime against humanity, but Tsietsi became a political exile at the tender age of 19. In exile, he formed the South African Youth Revolutionary Council (SAYRCO) together with his comrades from the Soweto Students Representative Council (SSRC) that was banned by Pretoria in 1977 along with numerous other organisations. Ironically, Tsietsi's individual and collective legacy is underplayed or ignored in contemporary South Africa. His illustrious role has only grudgingly been recognised long after South Africa achieved liberal democracy in 1994. Yet Tsietsi's heroism and legacy inspired the students that he led when confronting the apartheid system. Like Tsietsi, thousands left the country to join the anti-apartheid liberation struggle. Thus, his activities remain etched deeply in their minds whenever they reflect on his legacy annually during the 1976 uprising's anniversary, now called Youth Day. Others put increasing pressure on apartheid at home until it relinquished power through negotiations. This article examines Tsietsi Mashinini's legacy and his contribution to South Africa's freedom struggle based on a review of the literature, historical records and media reports, theoretical reflection guided by Rational Choice Theory and Game Theory, and an analysis of the awards given to freedom struggle stalwarts and other South African luminaries. It concludes with observations on Tsietsi Mashinini's legacy, with the author's contention that his legacy—underplayed or ignored—will forever haunt post-1994 South Africa's democracy.","PeriodicalId":41857,"journal":{"name":"African Historical Review","volume":"49 1","pages":"22 - 47"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/17532523.2017.1414675","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42268503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

As the Crow Flies: My Bushman Experience with 31 Battalion 乌鸦飞:我在31营的布须曼经历

African Historical Review Pub Date : 2017-07-03 DOI: 10.1080/17532523.2017.1399530

A. Wessels

引用次数: 1

Imperiale Somer: Suid-Afrika tussen Oorlog en Unie, 1902–1910 帝国之夏：战争与联邦之间的南非，1902-1910

African Historical Review Pub Date : 2017-07-03 DOI: 10.1080/17532523.2017.1403118

C. Muller

引用次数: 0

Understanding Zimbabwe: From Liberation to Authoritarianism 了解津巴布韦:从解放到专制

African Historical Review Pub Date : 2017-07-03 DOI: 10.1080/17532523.2017.1403123

Lotti Nkomo

引用次数: 19

Colonial Cinema in Africa: Origins, Images, Audiences 非洲殖民电影:起源、影像、观众

African Historical Review Pub Date : 2017-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/17532523.2017.1327182

George Bishi

引用次数: 8

Verwoerd: Só Onthou Ons Hom 我们记得他。

African Historical Review Pub Date : 2017-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/17532523.2017.1326571

F. Nöthling

引用次数: 0

Trophies, Relics and Curios? Missionary Heritage from Africa and the Pacific 奖杯、文物和古玩？来自非洲和太平洋的传教士遗产

African Historical Review Pub Date : 2017-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/17532523.2017.1327503

C. Holdridge

引用次数: 0

The Idea of a Good and Bad Gemeinschaft in William Bloke Modisane’s Autobiography, Blame Me on History 威廉·布洛克·莫迪萨内自传《怪我历史》中的“好与坏”思想

African Historical Review Pub Date : 2017-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/17532523.2017.1341466

Lucky M Mathebe

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引用次数: 0

Die Herero-Opstand, 1904–1907 赫雷罗州，1904–1907

African Historical Review Pub Date : 2017-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/17532523.2017.1326562

F. J. Nöthling

引用次数: 0

Europe’s First Settler Colonial Incursion into Africa: The Genocide of Aboriginal Canary Islanders 欧洲第一个殖民者对非洲的殖民入侵：对加那利群岛原住民的种族灭绝

African Historical Review Pub Date : 2017-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/17532523.2017.1336863

M. Adhikari

{"title":"Europe’s First Settler Colonial Incursion into Africa: The Genocide of Aboriginal Canary Islanders","authors":"M. Adhikari","doi":"10.1080/17532523.2017.1336863","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17532523.2017.1336863","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The annihilation of the aboriginal societies of the Canary archipelago, which consists of seven islands off the coast of southern Morocco and was populated by indigenes derived from Berber-speaking communities of north-west Africa, represents modern Europe’s first overseas settler colonial genocide. The process of social destruction, initiated by European slave raiders in the first half of the fourteenth century, was propelled to completion by mainly Iberian conquistadors and settlers towards the end of the fifteenth century. In addition to unrestrained mass violence against Canarians, European conquerors practised near-total confiscation of land and near-total enslavement and deportation of island populations. Enslavement and deportation, which went hand in hand, accounted for the largest number of victims and were central to the genocidal process. They were in effect as destructive as killing because the victims, generally the most productive members of their communities, were permanently lost to their societies. Child confiscation, sexual violence and the use of scorched earth tactics also contributed to the devastation suffered by Canarian peoples. After conquest, the remnants of indigenous Canarian societies were subjected to ongoing violence and cultural suppression, which ensured the extinction of their way of life. That the enslavement and deportation of entire island communities was the consciously articulated aim of conquerors establishes their “intent to destroy in whole,” which is the central criterion for meeting the United Nations Convention on Genocide’s definition of genocide. This article argues that individually and collectively all seven cases of social obliteration in the Canaries represent clear examples of genocide, and it is the first article to contend that the destruction of aboriginal Canarian societies constitutes genocide.","PeriodicalId":41857,"journal":{"name":"African Historical Review","volume":"49 1","pages":"1 - 26"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/17532523.2017.1336863","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46819706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 55