Zheng Fang, Miankun Chen, D. Yin, yanbo yu, Xiang Si, Kang Yang
{"title":"Experimental study on water absorption characteristics of interbedded lithology in low permeability reservoir","authors":"Zheng Fang, Miankun Chen, D. Yin, yanbo yu, Xiang Si, Kang Yang","doi":"10.56952/arma-2022-0509","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56952/arma-2022-0509","url":null,"abstract":"In the development of low permeability reservoirs, long-term high pressure water injection leads to the formation of high conductivity water-injection induced fractures and the injection water into the non-reservoir lithologic section has also been found in the field inspection well sampling. However, the previous core evaluation is mainly based on reservoir lithology, and the water absorption characteristics of barrier and interlayer lithology and its influence on development effect were not clear. In view of the above problems, this paper takes Daqing Chaoyanggou oilfield as an example, studies the longitudinal lithologic distribution characteristics according to the field logging data and coring data, and statistics the main lithology in the non-reservoir lithologic section of Chaoyanggou oilfield. The water absorption characteristic experiment was carried out and the relevant reservoir parameters were clarified. Numerical simulation of reservoir considering interlayer water absorption is carried out by using Eclipse. The research results show that mudstone basically has no permeability, saturated water absorption coefficient increases with the increase of injection end pressure, and decreases with the increase of injection end to sample center distance. Silty mudstone has a certain permeability and water absorption characteristics between mudstone and argillaceous siltstone, and there is a phenomenon of fluid pressure transmission in the pores. The water absorption characteristic of argillaceous siltstone is consistent with the compression characteristics of fluid. The numerical simulation results of reservoirs with compartments are also more accurate, which explains the high injection-production ratio but low production in low permeability reservoirs. The results of this study have certain guiding significance for the efficient development of low permeability reservoirs.","PeriodicalId":418045,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings 56th US Rock Mechanics / Geomechanics Symposium","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130291926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Experimental Conditions Affecting Fracturing Research","authors":"Majed Almubarak, J. Germaine, H. Einstein","doi":"10.56952/arma-2022-0771","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56952/arma-2022-0771","url":null,"abstract":"The fracturing behavior and mechanical characterization of rocks are important for many applications in the fields of civil, mining, geothermal, and petroleum engineering. Laboratory testing of rocks plays a major role in understanding the underlying processes that occur on the larger scale and for predicting rock behavior. Fracturing research, such as producing multiple fractures that follow a particular pattern, requires well-defined and consistent boundary conditions. Consequently, the testing design and setup can greatly influence the results. In this study, a comprehensive experimental program using an artificial material was carried out to systematically evaluate the effects of different parameters in rock testing under uniaxial compression. The parameters include the compression platen type, centering of the specimen, loading control method and rate, specimen size, cross-sectional geometry, and boundary constraints. The results show that these parameters have a significant effect on the mechanical behavior of rocks. Using a fixed compression platen helped reduce bulging of the material. Centering of the specimen played a critical role to avoid buckling and unequal distribution of stress. Slower displacement rates can control the energy being released once failure occurs to prevent the specimen from exploding. Larger specimens generally fail at lower stresses compared to smaller specimens. Also, the frictional end effects were investigated by comparing lubricated and non-lubricated end conditions.","PeriodicalId":418045,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings 56th US Rock Mechanics / Geomechanics Symposium","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134328240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
G. Awejori, Lisa Whitworth, T. Paronish, Fengyang Xiong, A. Katende, M. Radonjic
{"title":"Fluid Induced Elemental and Mineralogy Alterations of Caney Shale","authors":"G. Awejori, Lisa Whitworth, T. Paronish, Fengyang Xiong, A. Katende, M. Radonjic","doi":"10.56952/arma-2022-0763","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56952/arma-2022-0763","url":null,"abstract":"Studies were conducted on cores and rock cuttings recovered from two wells drilled in Caney shale in the Southern Oklahoma. Mineralogical compositions of these samples were obtained by X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) measurements using two methods of sample preparation: conventional powder (by crushing and grinding of rock fragments) and spray-drying of micronized rock powder method. Microstructure and microanalysis were acquired by Scanning Electron Microscopy/Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (SEM/EDS). Batch experiments were then conducted using selected rock samples and fracturing fluid whilst deionized water was used as control sample for fluid/rock interaction. These were conducted at 95oC and ambient pressure for various time periods to assess the geochemical reactivity of the Caney shale. The rock samples were subsequently recovered from fluid, dried and analysis repeated using identical XRD and SEM/EDS measurements, following the same conditions.Preliminary experimental results show rock mineralogical compositions are predominantly quartz with relatively high clay content. The clay minerals are mainly illite. Carbonate content is less than 10% by weight for most samples, with other non-clay minerals pyrite, albite, dolomite, and some apatite. In general, sprayed samples showed more intense peaks and less full width at half maxima (FWHM) relative to conventional rock-powder samples. Post-experimental mineralogical changes were observed in samples with clay portions breaking down to amorphous entities. As expected, dissolution of carbonates (calcite and dolomite) was observed and newly detected dissolution of biogenic micro quartz resulted in formation of amorphous silica.","PeriodicalId":418045,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings 56th US Rock Mechanics / Geomechanics Symposium","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127580457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yugang Zhou, Shunchao Zhao, Huaxiao Wu, Baobing Shang, Fang Tao, Huaxing Chen, Wang Yufei, Ya-dong Qi, Pang Ming
{"title":"Research and application of integrated technology of chemical sand control and stratified water injection in offshore oilfields injection well","authors":"Yugang Zhou, Shunchao Zhao, Huaxiao Wu, Baobing Shang, Fang Tao, Huaxing Chen, Wang Yufei, Ya-dong Qi, Pang Ming","doi":"10.56952/arma-2022-0598","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56952/arma-2022-0598","url":null,"abstract":"This paper proposes an integrated technology of chemical sand control and stratified water injection in water injection well, which enlarge the inner diameter of injection well and achieve flexible stratification. The technology realizes completion by chemical sand control. The ceramsite whose surface has been treated by crosslinking agent is injected into the well and form a cement layer with a thickness of 3-5 cm. This layer can be used as a barrier to retain sand and provide channels for fluids. Then, the stratified injection string is run to realize the stratification of the injection reservoir. The position and quantity of the stratification are designed can adjust flexibly. This technology has been successfully applied in the Bohai Oilfield. The conventional sand control and injection technology makes it difficult for the actual injection rate to reach the target value. After applying the integrated technology, for a directional well with a bore diameter of 9.625 in, the maximum inner diameter can reach 7 in. The number of injection layers exceeds 5, and the actual injection volume meets the designed rate. Besides, the water cut of the beneficiary well decreases, and the oil production rate increases.","PeriodicalId":418045,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings 56th US Rock Mechanics / Geomechanics Symposium","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132787503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Energy Partitioning during Fracturing in Granite under Stress Relaxation","authors":"Sana Zafar, R. Hedayat, O. Moradian","doi":"10.56952/arma-2022-0548","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56952/arma-2022-0548","url":null,"abstract":"Time-dependent deformation affects the fracturing in rocks and can reduce their failure strength. Such time-dependent deformations are important for surface and underground structures, which are typically designed for long operational time. The weakening of rock with time is directly related to the evolution of microcracks and in this study, we focused on the micromechanics of the fractures produced in crystalline rocks under time-dependent loading conditions. Stress relaxation experiments were conducted on double-flawed prismatic Barre granite specimen in the laboratory to investigate the fracturing processes in terms of the source mechanics and the source physics. Absolute calibration of the AE sensors was performed in the laboratory to identify individual sensor responses for a known source (ball drop). Source parameter analysis was undertaken using spectral fitting method obtained for the displacement spectra at each source location. Corner frequency and seismic moment were determined, ranging from 350 kHz to 650 kHz and 10-4 to 10-1, respectively. Finally partitioning of input and output energies during the fracture propagation under monotonic and multistage relaxation loading conditions was determined. Results suggest that the amount of radiated seismic energy during multistage relaxation experiments is almost the same as in the monotonic loading experiments, however, the number of cracks produced in case of multistage relaxation is higher than that of the monotonic loading experiments.The finding of this study can help us to better understand the fracturing processes in the various field applications dealing with time-dependent failure in rocks.","PeriodicalId":418045,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings 56th US Rock Mechanics / Geomechanics Symposium","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132150293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Modelling failure propagation using the phase-field method with the assistance of ultrasonic wave velocity measurement","authors":"Xu Li, Si Guangyao","doi":"10.56952/arma-2022-0192","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56952/arma-2022-0192","url":null,"abstract":"The phase-field method in damage mechanics is attracting increasing popularity in rock engineering, which bridges the gap between microcracking fracture mechanics and quantified damage mechanics. The quasi-static microcrack propagation can be well captured in FEM via the phase-field damage method. However, the determination and calibration of the length scale parameter (l) in the phase-field method are still unclear since the influence width of microcracks cannot be directly observed. In this research, the phase-field damage method is applied to simulate rock behavior under triaxial tests. The length scale parameter is calibrated via ultrasonic wave velocity measurements. The results show that the phase-field damage can be calibrated via ultrasonic wave velocity measurement, which empowers the application of phase-field damage in engineering applications.","PeriodicalId":418045,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings 56th US Rock Mechanics / Geomechanics Symposium","volume":"158 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132671240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A new method for evaluating radionuclide migration in groundwater","authors":"Sheng-yang Feng, Xiaojie Chen, Yourui Jiang, Hao Tang","doi":"10.56952/arma-2022-0670","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56952/arma-2022-0670","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study is to propose a new method for evaluating the migration of nuclides of uranium tailings paste backfill in groundwater. Uranium tailings reservoir is a significant threat to the nearby environment and the health of residents. Filling the uranium tailings paste backfill into the mine goaf can effectively reduce the impact of uranium tailings on the surrounding environment. However, there is still a lack of effective methods to evaluate the effect of radionuclides in uranium tailings paste backfill on groundwater. Uranium tailings paste backfill was made from the samples collected from a uranium tailings reservoir, and leaching experiments were carried out to obtain a variation curve of uranium concentration. The fractal parameters of rock fractures are obtained from the goaf of a gypsum mine exploration. The discrete fracture network model (DFN) of underground rock mass in the goaf is established according to the fractal parameters. When the results of leaching experiments are introduced into the numerical simulation model, it is found that when the local water is in the flow state, the flow direction of uranium is consistent with that of groundwater and is related to fractures.","PeriodicalId":418045,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings 56th US Rock Mechanics / Geomechanics Symposium","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128885213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Fully Coupled THM Formulations with two-phase fluid flow in naturally fractured media","authors":"Yarlong Wang","doi":"10.56952/arma-2022-0368","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56952/arma-2022-0368","url":null,"abstract":"A coupled formulation is developed, based on a dual-porosity model to simulate a naturally fractured aquifer under non-isothermal and two-phase fluid flow conditions. Two-phase flow coupled to the deformation in a dual-porosity type media, and non-local equilibrium conditions are imposed for the energy transport between and among, respectively, two fluid and porous solid phases. Along and through them conductive and convective mechanisms may dominate. More importantly different physical parameters reflect different rock types and fracture characteristics are defined and interpreted so that the corresponding rock behaviors may be represented. Models and physical interpretations developed and proposed by different researchers are reviewed and compared. The model is applicable in reservoir simulation of naturally fractured formations with two-phase fluid flow, safety design of co2 injection and sequestration, oil/gas storage injectivity or capacity evaluation, and heat extraction design in geothermal reservoir.","PeriodicalId":418045,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings 56th US Rock Mechanics / Geomechanics Symposium","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127840548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Castilla, F. Serbeto, Fabien Christe, P. Meier, F. Bethmann, A. Alcolea, B. Dyer, M. Hertrich, Xiaodong Ma
{"title":"Data integration and model updating in a multi-stage stimulation in the Bedretto Lab, Switzerland","authors":"R. Castilla, F. Serbeto, Fabien Christe, P. Meier, F. Bethmann, A. Alcolea, B. Dyer, M. Hertrich, Xiaodong Ma","doi":"10.56952/arma-2022-0483","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56952/arma-2022-0483","url":null,"abstract":"A series of hydraulic stimulation treatments were performed in the Bedretto Underground Lab for Geosciences and Geoenergies (BULGG) between 2020 and 2021. The objective of this experiment was to prove that multi-stage stimulation is a suitable technology to improve the reservoir quality in granitic rocks. Classical hydraulic tests, mini-frac tests and shear stimulations were performed in different boreholes and at different intervals. Each one of these treatments yielded observations and data that allowed us to update the structural, hydraulic and geomechanics reservoir model and improve our understanding of the whole system.Data resulting from the stimulation of one specific interval have been analyzed and integrated to build a coherent scenario. The integration of structural, hydraulic and geomechanical data is done using a Monte Carlo simulation allowing us to take into consideration the uncertainty inherent to each parameter. The comparison between theoretical results from the MC simulation and interpretations carried out on the data allow us to gain insights on the processes acting during the carried-out stimulation treatments.","PeriodicalId":418045,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings 56th US Rock Mechanics / Geomechanics Symposium","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133792225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Stroisz, M. Bhuiyan, N. Agofack, L. Edvardsen, P. Cerasi
{"title":"The hidden value of insufficiently preserved shale material","authors":"A. Stroisz, M. Bhuiyan, N. Agofack, L. Edvardsen, P. Cerasi","doi":"10.56952/arma-2022-0683","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56952/arma-2022-0683","url":null,"abstract":"The research is focused on investigating if insufficiently preserved shale can still be valuable in a correct geo-mechanical characterization of the material. This is achieved by targeted attempts leading to reverse the processes that diminished the quality of the material in the first place, allowing the shale to regain the original rock properties. The focus is limited, for now, to recapture the saturation state by investigating the fluid effect on the mechanical and acoustic response. A considerable number of basic mechanical and acoustic tests were conducted on poorly preserved Opalinus clay to identify the pristine properties of this material. Among these, the strength of the shale was measured by unconfined compressive strength, scratch, and punch tests, whereas the acoustic wave velocity was tested by continuous-wave technique and through-transmission method. The experiments wereperformed for three saturation states: 'as-received', dry and re-saturated. To confront the outcome, the same test campaign was conducted on well-preserved Opalinus clay from a nearby location, at the Mont Terri underground laboratory in Switzerland. Results show that obtaining valuable data on the damaged cores, such as unpreserved shale, is possible by utilizing adequate testing methods. One example are tests on the small-size samples that provide reliable information regarding the acoustic and mechanical properties of the material. It is, however, disputable to what extent one can recover the original properties from the unpreserved material.","PeriodicalId":418045,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings 56th US Rock Mechanics / Geomechanics Symposium","volume":"75 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133840369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}