Islamiyyat-The International Journal of Islamic Studies最新文献

{"title":"Understanding and Appreciation of the Concept of Shirk according to Mathematical Theory","authors":"Ahmad Munawar Ismail, Ismail Mohd","doi":"10.17576/islamiyyat-2022-4401-21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17576/islamiyyat-2022-4401-21","url":null,"abstract":"Shirk means associating any partners with Allah SWT. Tawhid clearly teaches us that Allah SWT does not share His Rububiah (Lordship) or divine attributes with anything or any partner. A clear example of shirk is idolatry or polytheism, that is worship of deity, god or anything other than Allah. Shirk is a paramount sin in Islam, the one unforgivable sin. However, this term is in the holy verses of the Qur'an that are \"difficult\" for humans to understand and appreciate. Usually, the interpretation of the word shirk will be given a description of its meaning and consequences to the perpetrator. The common interpretation is that whoever associates anything with Allah, then he has indeed committed a great sin. Muslims are also warned that indeed Allah SWT will not forgive the sin of shirk while Allah SWT will forgive all sins other than shirk, for whom he wills. In effect, all doors of paradise are shut to those who commit shirk. This article is related to the debate on shirk and its significance according to Islamic law and mathematical measurements. The analysis and findings of the study in this article are obtained through the methods of content analysis, document analysis and vectors concept in mathematics. The vectors concept in mathematics has been chosen as a tool to decipher this term to the maximum extent possible. It was chosen because a vector has elastic properties, is easy to set up and is representative of the matter relating to shirk. Therefore, it can be used to explain the definition, interpretation and consequences of shirk. The results of the study show that shirk is not only placed in the category of major sins in Islamic law but also the position of the perpetrators of shirk is considered as insulting Allah SWT and the religion of Islam. This position can not only be assessed from the Islamic law viewpoint but also through mathematical measurements, formulas and arguments. Through mathematical measurements it is impossible for us to assign partners to Allah, except by those who are very stubborn and intend to insult Allah. In this paper, the arguments are given based on mathematical knowledge that indeed human beings should not commit shirk not only because of its consequences, but also because it involves Allah as the Creator of all creatures as well as all other creation.","PeriodicalId":41576,"journal":{"name":"Islamiyyat-The International Journal of Islamic Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43353735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pemikiran al-Ghazali tentang hubungan antara Muslim dengan Muslim dan Muslim dengan Non Muslim","authors":"A. Ismail, Abdul Muhaimin Mahmood","doi":"10.17576/islamiyyat-2022-44ik-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17576/islamiyyat-2022-44ik-7","url":null,"abstract":"Keharmonian dan keamanan merupakan tonggak kepada terbentuknya sebuah tamadun yang unggul dan lestari. Keharmonian dan keamanan ini akan kekal selagi mana persefahaman dan kesepaduan dapat dilaksanakan secara konsisten dengan menjaga hubungan dan keadilan semua pihak. Hubungan dan keadilan ini boleh dipelihara selagi mana kita mematuhi prinsip-prinsip asas kemanusiaan seperti yang telah digariskan dalam syariat Islam. Antara tokoh pemikir Islam yang membicarakan hal ini adalah al-Ghazali (405-505H/1058-1111M). Beliau terkenal sebagai pakar dalam pelbagai disiplin termasuk ilmu fiqh, ilmu akidah, falsafah dan tasawuf. Artikel ini membahaskan pemikiran beliau mengenai aspek penting dalam hal ini dengan memberi tumpuan kepada pemikiran beliau terhadap hubungan antara muslim dengan muslim dan hubungan antara muslim dengan non muslim. Artikel ini adalah hasil dapatan kajian yang menggunakan analisis kandungan sebagai medium pengumpulan data. Selain itu, temu bual turut digunakan bagi mendapatkan maklumat yang berkaitan khususnya dalam konteks Malaysia. Dapatan kajian menujukkan, ada dua bentuk hubungan yang mesti dirai dan dilaksanakan oleh umat Islam. Pertama, hubungan berasakan akidah dan kedua, hubungan berasaskan hak, kehormatan dan kemanusiaan. Pemikiran al-Ghazali mengenai hal ini juga tidak dibahaskan dalam satu bab khusus dalam mana-mana karya beliau, sebaliknya ia telah dibicarakan dalam bab-bab yang berasingan seperti dalam bab muamalat, jinayah dan jihad sesuai dengan topik-topik yang dibahaskan. Jelasnya, apa pun kaedah yang yang kita laksanakan, hak dan tanggungjawab memelihara hubungan dan keadilan sesama manusia itu mesti berlaku dalam batasan yang dibenarkan syarak.","PeriodicalId":41576,"journal":{"name":"Islamiyyat-The International Journal of Islamic Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46810783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Al-Ghazālī’s Approach in Refuting Anthropomorphism","authors":"Nurhanisah Senin, Khadijah Mohd Khambali @ Hambali, W. A. Wan Ramli, Mustafa Kamal Amat Misra","doi":"10.17576/islamiyyat-2022-44ik-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17576/islamiyyat-2022-44ik-2","url":null,"abstract":"Anthropomorphism stands at the heart of many theological discourses and is among the most discussed issues by Muslim scholars. Anthropomorphic descriptions of God are mentioned in several Quranic verses and hadith for instance, God’s hand, God’s laughter, God’s heavenly throne, God’s hand and fingers and others. More often than not, anthropomorphic verses were interpreted in a different manner according to a scholar’s theological affinity. Thus, this paper aims to examine al-Ghazālī’s method in dealing with anthropomorphic verses. Imam al-Ghazālī was among the Asha‘irah scholars who wrote extensively on theological and philosophical issues. By adopting document analysis method, this study explores al-Ghazālī’s methods by analyzing his writings mainly in Iḥyā’ ‘Ulūm al-Dīn and Fayṣal al-Tafriqah baina al-Islām wa al-Zindiqah, Iljām al-Awām ‘an Ilm al-Kalām apart from his other treatises such as al-Iqtiṣād fī al-‘Itiqād and Qānūn al-Ta’wīl. It can be found that al-Ghazālī strongly affirms God’s incorporeality by renouncing God’s essence from any bodily figures, space, accidents and directions. Apart from that, al-Ghazālī offered two different approaches in understanding anthropomorphic verses for the learned and laymen. For the learned, al-Ghazālī allowed strict allegorical interpretation with its rules. As for laymen, al-Ghazālī suggested seven steps in understanding antrhopomophic verses in ensuring the sanctity of God’s Essence from any figurative literal interpretation. In sum, this study demonstrates al-Ghazālī’s holistic approach in refuting anthropomorphism that includes the learned and laymen and ensuring one’s creed is preserved from any figurative understanding of God.","PeriodicalId":41576,"journal":{"name":"Islamiyyat-The International Journal of Islamic Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47469292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Penggunaan Model Pengajaran Al-Ghazālī Dalam Konteks Pengajaran Berfikir Kritis","authors":"Nursafra Mohd Zhaffar, Mohd. Asyran Safwan Kamaruzaman, Mohd Haidhar Kamarzaman","doi":"10.17576/islamiyyat-2022-44ik-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17576/islamiyyat-2022-44ik-8","url":null,"abstract":"Konsep pemikiran kritis yang berkembang pada hari ini banyak dicorakkan oleh pandangan alam Barat. Justeru, terdapat keperluan untuk menggunakan Model Pengajaran al-Ghazālī dalam konteks pengajaran berfikir kritis Pendidikan Islam (PI). Model ini berasal dari kupasan Imām al-Ghazālī dalam Kitab Iḥyā’ ᶜUlūm al-Dīn dalam bab Ilmu Pengetahuan. Ianya dibina dan diolah sendiri oleh pengkaji berasaskan kepada penelitian terhadap keseluruhan karya tersebut. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk meneroka secara mendalam penerapan pemikiran kritis khusus dalam konteks pengajaran Pendidikan Islam menggunakan Model Pengajaran al-Ghazālī. Pendekatan kualitatif iaitu kajian kes digunakan dengan penglibatan seramai enam orang guru pakar PI di sekolah menengah. Data dikumpul selama satu tahun menggunakan kaedah temu bual separa berstruktur, pemerhatian dan analisis dokumen. Terdapat tujuh tema utama pengajaran berfikir kritis yang diamalkan oleh peserta kajian iaitu a) Guru yang kritis; b) Penguasaan ilmu; c) Matlamat pengajaran; d) Strategi memberi maklum balas; e) Hubungan guru-murid; f) Komuniti berfikir; dan g) Pengalaman guru menulis dan berceramah. Kajian ini menunjukkan bahawa Model Pengajaran al-Ghazālī boleh diaplikasi dalam konteks pengajaran berfikir kritis mengikut acuan epistemologi Islam yang holistik. Berdasarkan kajian, model ini boleh diperluaskan dengan menambah elemen persekitaran sebagai faktor penyumbang kepada guru bagi menjayakan pengajaran yang bercorak kritis.","PeriodicalId":41576,"journal":{"name":"Islamiyyat-The International Journal of Islamic Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47544175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Implications of Shariah Financial Technology in Increasing Financial Inclusion to Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises","authors":"Mirza Hedismarlina Yuneline","doi":"10.17576/islamiyyat-2022-4401-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17576/islamiyyat-2022-4401-8","url":null,"abstract":"Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) have long been understood as playing a significant role in the economic development of a country. However, MSMEs have not been able to make a significant contribution to the economy due to constraints of capital problems and limitations in meeting the requirements of bureaucracy and banking administration when applying for loan funds from banks. Due to the limited services provided by banks, the emergence of financial technology (fintech) innovation is an opportunity for MSMEs to overcome their capital problems. However, the use of fintech triggers risks borne by users or consumers such as cyber risks related to data security, data ownership, privacy, and data governance. Shariah-based fintech is one solution to extend financial inclusion to MSMEs to overcome their capital problems. The purpose of this research is to analyze the development and the contribution of Shariah fintech in strengthening the financial inclusion of MSMEs. The method used in this qualitative descriptive research is by describing and interpreting the observations and findings of 5 Shariah fintech platforms that focus on MSMEs' funding as the research sample. The result shows that the market share of Shariah fintech is 2.01% of the total fintech platform and it is caused by the lack of Shariah financial literacy. In terms of risk, even though the financing risk is relatively lower than Bank's Non-Performing Loan, other risks may arise, such as cyber risk and Shariah compliance risk. In order to mitigate the risks, the authority needs regulations for cyber security for consumer protection and supervision of Shariah compliance by the National Shariah Council of the Indonesian Ulama Council.","PeriodicalId":41576,"journal":{"name":"Islamiyyat-The International Journal of Islamic Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49331945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring Teachers' Experience with Student Character Development: A Comparative Analysis","authors":"Nik Md. Saiful Azizi Nik Abdullah, Alwi Lubis, Rabi'atul Athirah Muhammad Isa","doi":"10.17576/islamiyyat-2022-4401-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17576/islamiyyat-2022-4401-6","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this qualitative research is to explore teachers’ perceptions in inculcating moral values to develop student character, to identify different challenges faced by teachers and to discover how teachers overcome their challenges in both Islamic as well as conventional schools. Purposive sampling and semi-structured interviews were used to obtain more in-depth information from six participants, and a thematic approach was used to analyse the data. Findings reveal the teachers’ perception of developing student character, the challenges and how they overcome these challenges to develop students character. A noticeable difference noted is that teachers in conventional schools face challenges due to the limitations of teachers’ rights. Other challenges faced by teachers in both types of school include family background, school environment, peer pressure, and social media. The implication of this study is to raise awareness among educators and higher authorities as well as parents, about the challenges teachers face in Islamic schools and conventional schools in developing student character. This helps in correcting the misconception that teachers are solely responsible for promoting good moral character in their students.","PeriodicalId":41576,"journal":{"name":"Islamiyyat-The International Journal of Islamic Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44323481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Cultural and Religious Conflict between Korean Wave and Islamic Values","authors":"W. K. Mujani, Yoan Rou Seung, Kim Keum Hyun","doi":"10.17576/islamiyyat-2022-4401-17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17576/islamiyyat-2022-4401-17","url":null,"abstract":"Korean popular culture, such as movies, TV dramas, and pop music, is overwhelmingly powerful and TV dramas are especially remarkably popular in terms of obsession of fans and audiences. They also bring considerable profit to South Korea. The Korean Wave (Hallyu) brings a different level of Korean fever in certain East Asian countries, including Malaysia. By introducing new story materials, and using hi-tech skills in shooting, K-Dramas continue to gain popularity especially in the genre of historical drama that provides newly interpreted viewpoints about many historical stories. These continuous efforts in the fields of K-Pop, K-Food and K-Fashion expand areas and brighten the future of Korean Wave. The universality of cultures and values, which is the strength of the Korean Wave, is a unifying force to draw the minds of the people around the world and to make them enthusiastic about the Korean Wave. At the same time, there is also a possibility of conflict between Korean Wave and Islamic values, including in Malaysia. Muslim Korean Wave lovers are suffering from cultural and religious conflict between Korean and Islamic values and even experiencing anomie and dilemma such that they are not free from the criticisms of their own communities.","PeriodicalId":41576,"journal":{"name":"Islamiyyat-The International Journal of Islamic Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42104651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Principle of Maalat Af’al and its Application in Dealing with the Issue of Women Converting without their Husbands: A Case Study in the UK","authors":"Muhammad Shahrul Ifwat Ishak, Nur Syahirah Mohammad Nasir","doi":"10.17576/islamiyyat-2022-4401-19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17576/islamiyyat-2022-4401-19","url":null,"abstract":"This paper aims to apply the principle of maalat af’al (consequences of an action) in analysing the issue of women converting to Islam without their husbands from the perspective of maslahah (public interest). Despite the fact that the majority of classical scholars maintain the view that this marriage must be dissolved, dealing with this case in Muslim minority circumstances needs more consideration, particularly in terms of maslahah (securing benefit and removing harm) and mafsadah (harm). Dissolving this marriage immediately could portray a negative image of Islam as a religion that divides families with psychological and emotional impacts on women and their families. This is a qualitative study that obtained data from interviews with several imams and scholars in the UK. The findings indicate that this is a contemporary ijtihadi issue, with some aspects tolerated. Also, the status of maslahah in this issue is in line with the Shari’ah, particularly in facilitating a new Muslim life. While this study is merely exploratory with a limited number of participants, linking theory and reality makes the discussion on the issue and applying the principle of maalat practical.","PeriodicalId":41576,"journal":{"name":"Islamiyyat-The International Journal of Islamic Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41783133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Building Student Character through Contextual Learning Approach: Islamic Education Novice Teachers’ Experiences","authors":"","doi":"10.17576/islamiyyat-2021-4302-04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17576/islamiyyat-2021-4302-04","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to examine how contextual learning approach influences the character development of Malaysian students. It reflects on how contextual learning activities applied by Islamic Education novice teachers can build student character and personality. This is a qualitative research underpinned by a constructivist learning theory as theoretical and analytical framework. A total of 10 Islamic Education novice teachers participated in this study. Data were collected through semi -structured individual interviews and classroom observations. Thematic analysis was utilized to analyse and present the research findings. The findings offer some significant insights into how contextual learning activities applied by the participants have directly and indirectly developed student character, values, personality and behaviour. The findings of this study reveal that contextual learning contributes to the building of student character. The findings of the study also provide educators, especially novice teachers, better understanding of excellent skills, such as contextual learning, more effectively. These skills are critical in order to be able to produce a competitive new generation in the face of life demands, in line with rapid development of Information and Communication Technology (ICT). Contextual learning when incorporated into learning will expose teachers to authentic experiences in the classroom, playing their role in developing student personality and character, together with academic performance.","PeriodicalId":41576,"journal":{"name":"Islamiyyat-The International Journal of Islamic Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42949948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Preliminary Survey of Muslim Experts’ Views on Artificial Intelligence","authors":"Tinjauan Awal Pandangan, Pakar Muslim, tentang Kecerdasan Buatan, Aliff Nawi, Mohd Faiz, M. Yaakob, C. Ren, N. Khamis, A. H. Tamuri","doi":"10.17576/islamiyyat-2021-4302-01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17576/islamiyyat-2021-4302-01","url":null,"abstract":"There should be a great deal of concern over the extensive and still expanding application of artificial intelligence (AI) technology in Muslim life today. From the use of smartphones, drones, robots, autonomous vehicles and weapons technologies, the transformation caused by AI is significantly positive but much is still up for debate and contemplation. In fact, some Muslims may merely consider this rapid growth of AI as part of science fiction which is being popularised in movies. This incognizant view is dangerous because Muslims may not be alert to unforeseen AI impact especially when it crosses over Islamic ethical or legal limits. These interpretations should provide an appropriate context for Muslim experts today to rethink their views with regards to the transformative impact of AI on Muslim society. This preliminary study therefore, is conducted to gather Muslim experts’ professional views on AI related issues. Using a quantitative methodology approach with a cross-sectional study design, 37 experts responded to the personal, online questionnaire emailed to them. The findings generally indicate the respondents’ insensitivity towards the greater extent of AI impact on Muslim consumers at large. However, most of the respondents were agreeable on the urgent need for regulations so that AI is geared and harvested for its benefits in enhancing Muslim life. This signifies the importance of thorough and strict regulations for AI research and technology to adhere to Islamic principles. A specific framework development underpinned by Maqasid al-Shari’ah is recommended to address the various contemporary issues of AI impact.","PeriodicalId":41576,"journal":{"name":"Islamiyyat-The International Journal of Islamic Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43633744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}