R. Kakungulu-Mayambala, Rukundo Solomon, Victor Phillip Makmot
{"title":"An Examination of the Legislative Limitations of Artistic Freedom of Expression in Uganda","authors":"R. Kakungulu-Mayambala, Rukundo Solomon, Victor Phillip Makmot","doi":"10.1163/17087384-12340043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/17087384-12340043","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Artistic freedom of expression is guaranteed under the 1995 Constitution of the Republic of Uganda and other international instruments. This paper examines its application in all forms of art including paintings, music, poetry, novels, and plays. The paper examines the different legislation used in the restriction of artistic freedom of expression. It argues that these restrictions are contrary to the guarantees of freedom of expression provided in the Constitution and in various regional and international instruments. Part I of this paper gives a historical background to artistic freedom of expression noting how it has been suppressed since colonial times. Part II examines international protection of artistic freedom of expression while Part III analyses the protection of artistic freedom of expression in Uganda as guaranteed by the Constitution. Part IV analyses the legislation limiting artistic freedom of expression and highlights how these are incompatible with international and local human rights standards. Part V puts forward the case for artistic freedom of expression. Finally, Part VI provides the conclusion.","PeriodicalId":41565,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Legal Studies","volume":"12 1","pages":"47-80"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2019-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1163/17087384-12340043","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48169782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Universal Human Rights ‘Versus’ Cultural Relativism: the Mediating Role of Constitutional Rights","authors":"N. Agyeman, Alfred Momodu","doi":"10.1163/17087384-12340042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/17087384-12340042","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000The claim that human rights are rights that all humans hold everywhere and at all times embodies the concept of universalism. There are however some that do not believe that human rights are universally held. Those who hold such views are widely described as cultural relativists. A rich body of literature exists with a particular focus on the divergence that exists between universalism and cultural relativism. We posit that these areas of antagonism might be overstated. In the light of this, this work investigates the mediating role that constitutional rights may play between these two seemingly opposing schools of thought. Ultimately this paper avers that the constitutional making process that international human rights principles go through in order to emerge as constitutional rights allows for constitutional rights to simultaneously lay claim to both universalist and relativist ideals. Thus, allowing constitutional rights to represent a grossly overlooked middle ground.","PeriodicalId":41565,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Legal Studies","volume":"12 1","pages":"23-46"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2019-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1163/17087384-12340042","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44952413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Sustainable Development and Corporate Social Responsibility under the 2018 Petroleum Host and Impacted Communities Development Trust Bill: Is Nigeria Rehashing Past Mistakes?","authors":"Nojeem Amodu","doi":"10.1163/17087384-12340038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/17087384-12340038","url":null,"abstract":"The 2018 Petroleum Host and Impacted Communities Development Trust Bill before the Nigerian National Assembly was proposed to foster sustainable development (SD) and embed corporate social responsibility (CSR) in the oil and gas corporate activities within host communities. From the backdrop of SD and CSR as regulatory concepts, this article scrutinizes the Bill for its viability to realize its objectives in its current form. It raises concerns about: (i) perceived negligence by the government to provide social services and public goods, seeming to outsource such responsibilities to the business community; (ii) the reduction of CSR to capital or community development projects; and (iii) the absence of useful delimitation criteria to determine host and impacted communities. The article argues that past mistakes are being rehashed and queries the capacity of the Bill to live up to stakeholders’ expectations. Using the normative contributions of global templates such as the United Nations Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights, the article recommends policy and regulatory changes to the Bill’s governance structure towards embedding effective CSR and engendering SD in the Nigerian oil and gas industry.","PeriodicalId":41565,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Legal Studies","volume":"11 1","pages":"319-351"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2019-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1163/17087384-12340038","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41582493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"African Traditional Intellectual Property Rights, Customary Law, and Legal Pluralism","authors":"Ayoyemi Lawal Arowolo","doi":"10.1163/17087384-12340037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/17087384-12340037","url":null,"abstract":"Indeed, intellectual property rights are not new to traditional African communities. Traditional legal systems of protection in Africa such as customary law protected the rights of members of these communities. These systems of protection are still used. There are also practices of monopoly from the past regarding the use of some products of creative works. This paper examines the various ways in which traditional intellectual properties have been protected over the years which are similar in some ways to modern intellectual property rights. Thus, proposing that the adoption of a pluralistic protection mechanism (legal pluralism) for traditional intellectual properties could resolve legal issues related to them in Africa.","PeriodicalId":41565,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Legal Studies","volume":"11 1","pages":"299-318"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2019-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1163/17087384-12340037","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41849054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Legal Framework to Gender-Based Violence, Sexual and Reproductive Health Rights of Indigenous Women in Cameroon","authors":"Patrick Ageh Agejo","doi":"10.1163/17087384-12340040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/17087384-12340040","url":null,"abstract":"Men and women have different health profiles which necessitate different health needs, as a result of their biology and their distinct status in society. Discrimination and harmful traditional practices in many societies in the global south further affect the reproductive health of indigenous women. The paper will highlight discrimination against women in patriarchal indigenous communities in Cameroon. The paper focuses on violations that affect women’s reproductive health. The paper will discuss these violations in light of the country’s commitment to Sustainable Development Goal No. 3 on good health and well-being and Goal No. 5 on gender equality. The paper will also highlight the national and international laws addressing the right to the reproductive health of indigenous women. It will also examine gender-sensitive interventions, legislation and policies put in place by the indigenous community and the Government of Cameroon if any. The paper will end with conclusion and suggestions/recommendations on ways to improve the reproductive health of indigenous women in Cameroon.","PeriodicalId":41565,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Legal Studies","volume":"11 1","pages":"371-387"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2019-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1163/17087384-12340040","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48521975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Liability of Internet Service Providers under Nigerian Law","authors":"B. Jemilohun","doi":"10.1163/17087384-12340039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/17087384-12340039","url":null,"abstract":"This paper examines the role of Internet Service Providers as bridges and intermediaries between private persons, organisations and even government arms and the internet and the liabilities placed on them by the law with regard to wrongful acts of their subscribers or clients under the laws of Nigeria.","PeriodicalId":41565,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Legal Studies","volume":"11 1","pages":"352-370"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2019-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1163/17087384-12340039","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47183825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Group Interests in Nigeria’s Companies and Allied Matters Act: a History of Subterranean Regulatory Capture","authors":"C. G. Nnona","doi":"10.1163/17087384-12340033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/17087384-12340033","url":null,"abstract":"This article explores regulatory capture of aspects of company and securities law and the related law-making process by interest groups within Nigeria’s commercial and bureaucratic classes. Using several examples, the paper draws out the reach and character of these interests. The paper’s central argument is that the presence and reach of such group interests in Nigerian company law-making have hitherto been masked by the standard stylized rhetoric and presentation of company law and company law-making in Nigeria as formal, scripted affairs, but acknowledging these interests and delineating their contours conduce to their prophylaxis in law-making as well as their treatment in company law adjudication.","PeriodicalId":41565,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Legal Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2018-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1163/17087384-12340033","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45977323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Board Diversity in Terms of Gender: a Recommendation for Mauritius","authors":"A. Beebeejaun","doi":"10.1163/17087384-12340036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/17087384-12340036","url":null,"abstract":"The increased presence of women on the boards of corporations is an international trend worth following by all countries. There are many good reasons for increasing gender diversity on boards have been evidenced by various studies such as better decisions, performance, and representation of the consumer base. However, the country of Mauritius has been lagging behind in terms of legislative initiatives to promote female representation on corporate boards. A study conducted by the Hay Group in association with the Mauritius Institute of Directors in 2015 supports this fact.The study seeks to identify the relative benefits behind the global trend of achieving gender diversity on corporate boards and on the factors that impact the representation of women on such boards. Some various kinds of regimes and initiatives that have been developed in some countries mainly Norway and the UK will be analysed to deal with the issue of underrepresentation of women on corporate boards. The purpose behind this research is to provide effective recommendations for Mauritius to achieve a greater level of gender diversity on corporate boards.The methodologies for the research are, in essence, comprised of the black letter approach which analyses the legal provisions relating to directors in Mauritius, Norway, and the UK. Journals, books, and reports amongst others will be also examined.The paper aims at responding to the research objectives set out above. In particular, a soft-law approach in terms of voluntary target and non-financial disclosure in terms of gender diversity status is suggested as a first step to resolve low representation of women on corporate boards in Mauritius.","PeriodicalId":41565,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Legal Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2018-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1163/17087384-12340036","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49652431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Unpacking the Laundry Machine: Why Is Dirty Money in the Social Club?","authors":"Paul Nkoane","doi":"10.1163/17087384-12340035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/17087384-12340035","url":null,"abstract":"The article provides an overview of the methods accepted to be critical for the laundering of illicit property, i.e. placement, layering, and integration. This is done to inform the reader of the obscurity the methods provide to illicit property and the possible costs involved. It is submitted that these typical methods would only be necessary when organised criminals launder huge sums of money. The article illustrates that when laundering relatively smaller amounts criminals prefer other cheaper methods to achieve the same end. The article, therefore, undertakes an objective analysis of the techniques of money laundering likely to be orchestrated in the South African social clubs schemes. The focus is on social organisations that engage in collecting money from members to deposit into a single account for a common goal. These organisations are termed stokvels. It is submitted that some of the collected amounts may not come from licit activities and may be highly difficult to identify. The article analyses the reason why people use social clubs and proposes methods that could be used to stall the refining of illicit money in such schemes.","PeriodicalId":41565,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Legal Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2018-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1163/17087384-12340035","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49281536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}