APN Science Bulletin最新文献_第2页

Promoting involvement of early-career scientists from the Asia-Pacific region in regional integrated and sustainable development through active participation and networking 通过积极参与和建立网络，促进亚太地区早期职业科学家参与区域综合和可持续发展

APN Science Bulletin Pub Date : 2023-01-25 DOI: 10.30852/sb.2023.2091

Shuyu Wang, I. Lake, G. Langendijk, Ying Yang

{"title":"Promoting involvement of early-career scientists from the Asia-Pacific region in regional integrated and sustainable development through active participation and networking","authors":"Shuyu Wang, I. Lake, G. Langendijk, Ying Yang","doi":"10.30852/sb.2023.2091","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30852/sb.2023.2091","url":null,"abstract":"Climate change is affecting global ecosystems, natural resources, and human well-being. The near- and long-term future sustainable development of society requires robust climate change information at regional scales. To contribute to the purpose mentioned above, WCRP CORDEX (the World Climate Research Programme’s Coordinated Regional Climate Downscaling Experiment) initialised a collaboration with the APN (Asia-Pacific Network for Global Change Research), as the two programmes share common goals in advocating climate science as well as transferring climate knowledge for effective management. This APN project, entitled “Promoting Involvement of Early Career Scientists from the Asia-Pacific Region in Regional Integrated and Sustainable Development through Active Participation and Networking”, was a result of this collaboration. Specifically, the project was aimed at supporting early-career scientists from the Asia-Pacific region to attend an international science conference on regional climate science (ICRC-CORDEX 2019) and facilitate them in international partnership-building. It also contributed to enhancing communication and cooperation amongst regional climate research teams within and beyond the Asia-Pacific region. As one of the most important activities of the conference, the project supported an event for early-career scientists. The completion of the project consolidated global collaboration between the climate research community and that of adaptation-impact studies, as well as facilitated interaction with end-users. It was also a successful showcase of the scientific strategies of APN and CORDEX.","PeriodicalId":415129,"journal":{"name":"APN Science Bulletin","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130942311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Climate science communication in Pakistan: A compulsive need 巴基斯坦的气候科学传播:迫切需要

APN Science Bulletin Pub Date : 2022-12-28 DOI: 10.30852/sb.2022.2032

R. Kiani, A. Kiyani

引用次数: 0

Historical drought and its trend in South Asia: Spatial and temporal analysis 2000-2020 南亚历史干旱及其趋势:2000-2020年的时空分析

APN Science Bulletin Pub Date : 2022-12-26 DOI: 10.30852/sb.2022.2022

H. Kafle, Soni Khaitu, D. Gyawali, D. Shrestha, D. Koirala, M. Kamaruzzaman, Vimal Khawas, A. Rasheed, S. Sobue, Y. Yamaguchi

{"title":"Historical drought and its trend in South Asia: Spatial and temporal analysis 2000-2020","authors":"H. Kafle, Soni Khaitu, D. Gyawali, D. Shrestha, D. Koirala, M. Kamaruzzaman, Vimal Khawas, A. Rasheed, S. Sobue, Y. Yamaguchi","doi":"10.30852/sb.2022.2022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30852/sb.2022.2022","url":null,"abstract":"Every year, South Asian countries suffer from declining agricultural outputs due to climate extremes such as floods and droughts. Recurrent droughts have depressed rural economies and enhanced widespread hunger and human migration to South Asian cities (Miyan, 2015). Due to climatic changes, the region is projected to experience rising temperatures and more frequent extreme weather events in the long term (Trenberth et al., 2014). Accurate predictions of drought, its impact, and early detection facilities are not present in most South Asian countries due to a lack of sufficient hydro-meteorological datasets, poor access to satellite products, and shortages of well-trained staff. This study seeks to address these deficiencies scientifically by analysing historical drought conditions on a regional scale using open-access satellite products. The Drought Severity Index (DSI) has been employed to assess meteorological droughts from 2000 to 2020 and to prepare drought severity maps for the South Asian region. Results from DSI were further compared with the Standardised Precipitation Index (SPI) in Nepal and Bangladesh. The results identified pre-monsoon months as the driest period in South Asian countries experiencing severe to moderate drought.","PeriodicalId":415129,"journal":{"name":"APN Science Bulletin","volume":"108 6","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120826569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Pathways to strengthening capabilities: A case for the adoption of climate-smart agriculture in Pakistan 加强能力的途径:巴基斯坦采用气候智能型农业的案例

APN Science Bulletin Pub Date : 2022-12-20 DOI: 10.30852/sb.2022.2021

Muhammad Saqib Sultan, M. A. Khan, H. Khan, B. Ahmad

{"title":"Pathways to strengthening capabilities: A case for the adoption of climate-smart agriculture in Pakistan","authors":"Muhammad Saqib Sultan, M. A. Khan, H. Khan, B. Ahmad","doi":"10.30852/sb.2022.2021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30852/sb.2022.2021","url":null,"abstract":"Pakistan has an agro-based economy with a high dependency on the sector, contributing 19.2% to the country’s GDP. The country's geographical position makes agriculture highly vulnerable to climate change as it frequently faces periods of extreme weather events - flooding, droughts, and heatwaves. Due to growing environmental issues and institutional incapacities, there is an observed trend of urbanisation and depleting natural resources. Changes in land use and water scarcity cause reduced productivity and compromised economic growth. The country needs to adopt Climate-Smart Agriculture (CSA) as an adaptation measure against climate change. CSA is an approach to adopting agricultural systems strategies to minimise climate impacts and preserve natural resources.\u0000\u0000This study explores the intervention that enhanced the capabilities of provincial agriculture service-delivery organisations in the adoption of CSA. It produced a country-specific CSA resource kit and delivered training for agriculture extension officers and frontline government officers in Balochistan and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa provinces. The Pakistan Agriculture Research Council (PARC) and the Asia-Pacific Network for Global Change Research (APN) jointly delivered the project in line with the broader mission of research support, building government capacities and suggesting science-based response strategies as adaptation measures. The project experience highly recommends the adoption of CSA in Pakistan.","PeriodicalId":415129,"journal":{"name":"APN Science Bulletin","volume":"189 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133075522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Assessment of the feasibility of applying payment for forest ecosystem services in Vietnamese mangrove forests 越南红树林森林生态系统服务付费可行性评估

APN Science Bulletin Pub Date : 2022-12-19 DOI: 10.30852/sb.2022.2016

T. H. Nguyen, B. Dell, R. Harper

{"title":"Assessment of the feasibility of applying payment for forest ecosystem services in Vietnamese mangrove forests","authors":"T. H. Nguyen, B. Dell, R. Harper","doi":"10.30852/sb.2022.2016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30852/sb.2022.2016","url":null,"abstract":"Mangroves can play a major role in efforts to mitigate climate change through two pathways. These are (1) carbon sequestration following reforestation of areas where mangroves previously existed, and (2) protection of existing carbon stores in intact mangrove forests. There is considerable international interest in carbon mitigation by governments and businesses as a way of meeting emissions reduction targets, and this could result in significant investment in mangrove restoration and protection. This is likely to have positive benefits in terms of coastal protection, biodiversity protection and new economic activity. This project examined three aspects of mangroves related to the emerging carbon economy. There has been considerable (0.2 million hectares) mangrove restoration in Vietnam and this activity provides insights into the causes of project success or failure. A review of this restoration concluded that the failure of several past restoration projects in Vietnam could be attributed to poor species and site selection and lack of incentives to engage residents in long-term management. The economic, environmental and social aspects of mangrove-shrimp farming or aquaculture (MAS) systems in Ca Mau Province, Vietnam, were examined, and it was concluded that this approach allows the achievement of these multiple objectives. Whereas, most of the discussion around mangroves and their role in carbon management is at the international and national levels, implementation occurs at the local level. It was found that whereas local stakeholders had a reasonable understanding of climate change, they were less clear about carbon markets and the role that mangroves can play. This points to the need for new educational programmes. The study concluded that monitoring and verification systems for both carbon and biodiversity are essential to allow the resultant multiple benefits of carbon mitigation projects to be realised.","PeriodicalId":415129,"journal":{"name":"APN Science Bulletin","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126596827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Enhancing capacity of scientists and practitioners for promoting more sustainable and resilient food systems in Indonesia and the South Pacific 提高科学家和从业人员的能力，促进印度尼西亚和南太平洋地区更具可持续性和抵御力的粮食系统

APN Science Bulletin Pub Date : 2022-12-12 DOI: 10.30852/sb.2022.2004

W. Bellotti, John J. A. Ingram

{"title":"Enhancing capacity of scientists and practitioners for promoting more sustainable and resilient food systems in Indonesia and the South Pacific","authors":"W. Bellotti, John J. A. Ingram","doi":"10.30852/sb.2022.2004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30852/sb.2022.2004","url":null,"abstract":"Three Resilient Food Systems training workshops were delivered in Bogor, Indonesia, Suva, Fiji, and Port Vila, Vanuatu. The workshops provided young and early-career professionals with the latest international thinking on food systems and resilience. The workshop teaching material was based on the IFSTAL (Interdisciplinary Food System Teaching and Learning; www.ifstal.ac.uk) programme initially developed in the United Kingdom. The intensive six-day workshop programme integrates learning across three connected themes: food systems and resilience concepts, soft system methodology, and personal skills and development. Each workshop is locally contextualised with field trips, local inspirational guest speakers, and local real-world food system case studies. Throughout the duration of the workshop, participants apply new concepts and methodologies to their case studies, thereby enhancing their understanding and learning. Participant evaluation of the workshops was overwhelmingly positive, and pleasingly, participants reported positive learning outcomes across all three learning themes. These workshops represent just the initial step in a necessarily long and sustained effort to establish a community of food system professionals across Indonesia and Pacific Island states.","PeriodicalId":415129,"journal":{"name":"APN Science Bulletin","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130324182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Facilitating knowledge sharing and co-creation between communities of climate research and its users 促进气候研究团体及其用户之间的知识共享和共同创造

APN Science Bulletin Pub Date : 2022-11-11 DOI: 10.30852/sb.2022.1994

Xuebin Zhang, Zhihong Jiang

引用次数: 0

Supporting regional and international cooperation in research on extremes in climate prediction and projection ensembles: Workshop summary 支持区域和国际合作研究极端气候预测和预估组合:研讨会摘要

APN Science Bulletin Pub Date : 2022-10-27 DOI: 10.30852/sb.2022.1977

June‐Yi Lee, W. Merryfield, Sang-Myeoung Moon, Suhee Han

{"title":"Supporting regional and international cooperation in research on extremes in climate prediction and projection ensembles: Workshop summary","authors":"June‐Yi Lee, W. Merryfield, Sang-Myeoung Moon, Suhee Han","doi":"10.30852/sb.2022.1977","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30852/sb.2022.1977","url":null,"abstract":"Weather and climate extremes have enormous impacts on society, and are becoming more severe and frequent as the world warms. Most developing countries in the Asia-Pacific region are highly vulnerable to risks associated with heatwaves and cold spells, droughts and floods, tropical cyclones, wildfires, and other extremes. To support regional and international cooperation for research on weather and climate extremes in the Asia-Pacific region, the World Climate Research Programme (WCRP) hosted an online workshop on Extremes in Climate Prediction Ensembles (ExCPEns) from 25 to 28 October 2021 with the support of Asia-Pacific Network for Global Change Research (APN). The workshop aimed to advance the rapidly emerging science of exploiting subseasonal, seasonal, annual to decadal and long-term prediction ensembles to improve the prediction and understanding of weather and climate extreme events. An Early Career Scientist (ECS) event followed the ExCPEns workshop and consisted of a discussion and networking forum for ECS from APN member developing countries, along with a series of ECS training lectures and discussion sessions. Through the workshop and discussions among stakeholders, important scientific results on prediction and future changes in weather and climate extremes were communicated. Moreover, new research topics spanning these different time scales were identified and prioritized.","PeriodicalId":415129,"journal":{"name":"APN Science Bulletin","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117062570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A multicriteria approach to assessing the sustainability of community-based ecotourism in Central Vietnam 评估越南中部社区生态旅游可持续性的多标准方法

APN Science Bulletin Pub Date : 2022-10-03 DOI: 10.30852/sb.2022.1938

T. Nguyen, H. Hoang, Tan Quang Nguyen, Ubukata Fumikazu, Thao Thi Phuong Vo, C. V. Nguyen

{"title":"A multicriteria approach to assessing the sustainability of community-based ecotourism in Central Vietnam","authors":"T. Nguyen, H. Hoang, Tan Quang Nguyen, Ubukata Fumikazu, Thao Thi Phuong Vo, C. V. Nguyen","doi":"10.30852/sb.2022.1938","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30852/sb.2022.1938","url":null,"abstract":"Nature exploration, or ecotourism, has been an essential part of tourism, and today takes on a much broader meaning beyond tourism that includes conserving nature and culture and improving people’s lives, especially in the indigenous community. Community-based ecotourism (CBET) has specific benefits closely related to the sustainability of natural ecosystems and community development. CBET can be defined as nature-based tourism, helping shape the types of tourism services, planning and developing destinations provided by communities directly. CBET is supposed to be a sustainable alternative to mass tourism by its potential benefits in Vietnam. The study aims to evaluate the sustainability of four CBET destinations in Central Vietnam through a sustainable ecotourism index (SEI) formed by applying the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) method. Based on the literature review, local people, and experts’ recommendations, a set of fourteen criteria categorized into five groups reflecting the critical attributes of the sustainable CBET that include environmental conservation, economic benefits, community participation, cultural preservation, and empowerment are analyzed. The raw data is obtained from in-depth interviews with 21 experts and 42 households. After normalizing, the results indicate that out of four CBET destinations, one is identified as high sustainability (SEI>4.2), two are neutral (3.4<SEI<4.2), and one is lower than (SEI<3.4). These findings provide implications for extending the AHP theory in tourism and policy implications toward sustainable development in future tourism.","PeriodicalId":415129,"journal":{"name":"APN Science Bulletin","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128937296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Climate change scenarios over Southeast Asia 东南亚的气候变化情景

APN Science Bulletin Pub Date : 2022-09-20 DOI: 10.30852/sb.2022.1927

J. Sentian, C. Payus, F. Herman, V. Kong

{"title":"Climate change scenarios over Southeast Asia","authors":"J. Sentian, C. Payus, F. Herman, V. Kong","doi":"10.30852/sb.2022.1927","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30852/sb.2022.1927","url":null,"abstract":"Southeast Asia is one of the world’s regions most vulnerable to climate change impacts with low-lying land, more severe floods and droughts, larger populations, higher dependency on agriculture for the economic sector, and low resilience of communities. Therefore, a study on how future climate change will affect this region has been conducted, and the results are provided in this paper. Projected surface temperatures and total precipitation from the baseline period of 2013 up to 2100 for Southeast Asia were investigated using the Global Climate Model (GCM) and the Weather Research Forecast (WRF) v3.9.1.1 modelling systems under RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 future climate scenarios. The results showed that future temperatures were projected to increase under both climate scenarios RCP4.5 and RCP8.5; however, precipitation was projected to decrease. The temperature was projected to increase by 0.93C and 2.50C under RCP4.5 and 8.5. Meanwhile, precipitation greatly varied under the RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 climate scenarios in both monsoonal seasons. We conclude that the change in climate variables, particularly the temperature and precipitation, could potentially increase the vulnerability of this region.","PeriodicalId":415129,"journal":{"name":"APN Science Bulletin","volume":"89 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124145633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0