{"title":"The Lunacy Certificate and the Liberty of the Subject","authors":"C. Mercier","doi":"10.1177/1051449X1000700113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1051449X1000700113","url":null,"abstract":"WHEN the lunacy certificate was first instituted in 1819, the chief motive of those who prescribed its form was to safeguard the liberty of the subject. The scandals of the madhouses of that time had become notorious, and it was well known that sane persons were detained in them who were obnoxious to their relatives from one cause or another. The last great reform of the lunacy laws in 1890 proceeded from the same motive, of safeguarding the liberty of the subject. The event that provoked that law was a series of trials at law instituted in the early eighties. The trials were causes celebres. They lasted many days each. They absorbed the attention of the newspapers and the public, and they were followed by a clamorous outcry for the reform of the lunacy law, which resulted in the reforming and codifying Act of 1890. The reform has been on the whole decidedly beneficial, but the clamour which brought it into existence was utterly unreasonable. Since those days a remarkable change has taken place in public sentiment on this subject. The difficulty now is not to get people under control who need control, but to preserve some modicum of liberty. We are inspected and reported upon in everything we do. The character of our amusements is settled for us, the conditions under which we may and may not do our work in workshops and factories and shops, and even on the","PeriodicalId":415025,"journal":{"name":"Medico-Legal Society Transactions","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1910-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133713073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"On the Examination of Bodies Found in the River","authors":"F. G. Crookshank","doi":"10.1177/1051449X1000700102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1051449X1000700102","url":null,"abstract":"As one of the surgeons to the Thames division of the Metropolitan Police I have the opportunity, shared by my colleagues, of examining every year a considerable number of bodies found either in the river or on the foreshore. The problems which arise in the performance of this apparently simple professional task are so various, and so important from the medico-legal point of view, that I have thought there may be some interest in narrating one's experiences. I should premise that my own district is the Surrey part of the Thames, from Putney to Kew, a stretch of river in which, for various reasons, many bodies are found. The river is, of course, at the Barnes section, tidal and fresh, and it will not be forgotten that the conditions differ therefore very much from those of waters which are not tidal, or are salt. Some of the most important published papers narrating the appearances of drowned bodies refer, it should be remembered, to the appearances noted when large numbers of persons have met their deaths within a few moments of each other, and under identical physical conditions-as in shipwrecks, and the Regent's Park skating disaster. But the experiences of a police-surgeon extend to an extraordinary diversity of sets of conditions; bodies of all ages being","PeriodicalId":415025,"journal":{"name":"Medico-Legal Society Transactions","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1910-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127332437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"On Ferro-Silicon, with Special Reference to the Poisonous Gases Liable to Be Evolved Therefrom","authors":"H. Hake","doi":"10.1177/1051449X1000700112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1051449X1000700112","url":null,"abstract":"\"The possibility of danger to life from the transport of ferro-silicon had already received attention in this country through a 'Notice to Shipowners, Shipmasters, and Shippers' issued by the Board of Trade in September 1907; but the magnitude of the risks involved in the treatment of this material and the need for more stringent regulations was strikingly demonstrated by the death of five Russian immigrants on board the s.s, Askton in December 1908, during, this ship's voyage from Antwerp to Grimsby. Inquiries made on behalf of the Local Government Board into this occurrence brought to light a number of previous accidents in connection with the transport of ferro-silicon, and after conference with the Home Office and the Board of Trade the full investigation of this. subject was placed in the hands of Dr Copeman.\"","PeriodicalId":415025,"journal":{"name":"Medico-Legal Society Transactions","volume":"71 6","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1910-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120919329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Note upon Deodands","authors":"W. Westcott","doi":"10.1177/1051449X1000700108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1051449X1000700108","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":415025,"journal":{"name":"Medico-Legal Society Transactions","volume":"13 5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1910-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128870583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Effects of Traumatism on the Nervous System","authors":"J. S. Russell","doi":"10.1177/1051449X1000700103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1051449X1000700103","url":null,"abstract":"IN expressing my deep indebtedness to the Council of the Society for the opportunity of introducing this discussion, let me assure you that I deem it no small honour to be entrusted with the task. My anxiety to learn, rather than any idea that I could teach you anything with which you were not already familiar, allowed me to accept the kind invitation which I received. My paper is based, in the main, on actual cases that have come under my own observation, some of which have required me to give evidence in court. You will scarcely be surprised to hear that my opinion has often been in conflict with the opinions of other medical witnesses in some of these cases. Under the circumstances I am especially anxious to evoke from members of this Society authoritative opinions on some questions that have cost me much thought, and on which I am only too anxious to have proved to me that I have been wrong in the views I have held, if this is the case. Here at least we may hope that we shall escape the imputation that our opinions have been biassed by a party spirit or any such considerations. Criticism from members of the legal profession will be especially welcome to me, and I hope that I have framed the remarks that are to follow in a way that","PeriodicalId":415025,"journal":{"name":"Medico-Legal Society Transactions","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1910-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121029034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Fatal Case of Bichromate of Potash Poisoning","authors":"W. Willcox","doi":"10.1177/1051449X1000700105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1051449X1000700105","url":null,"abstract":"THE following case is of some interest, since at the post-mortem examination of the deceased it was impossible to say what was the cause of death, and poison was suspected simply because the medical man, after making the autopsy, found himself unable to state that death had been due to disease. The following is a brief history :The deceased woman, age 56, lived with her husband in rooms in the East of London, and the pair seem to have been much attached to one another. On December 19th the deceased was visited by a neighbour and given some broth, as she was supposed to be suffering from some diarrhoea. On December 20th the husband was asked by the neighbour how his wife was, and stated that she was\" passing away.\" He refused to admit the neighbour, who then informed the police. The police went to the house immediately on getting the information (at 1.30 p.m.), and found the wife dead in bed and the husband with his throat cut. The husband was removed to Guy's Hospital, and the body of the deceased was examined by the divisional surgeon of police, Dr Jaquet. At 6.30 p.m. in the evening Dr Jaquet found that rigor mortis had not set in. He noticed that the hands and nails were blue. There were no marks of violence on the deceased, and nothing to indicate that she had died a violent death.","PeriodicalId":415025,"journal":{"name":"Medico-Legal Society Transactions","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1910-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125150675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Mutual Relations and Influence of Law and Medicine","authors":"J. Tweedy","doi":"10.1177/1051449X1000700101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1051449X1000700101","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":415025,"journal":{"name":"Medico-Legal Society Transactions","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1910-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127836314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The External Ear as a Means of Identification","authors":"J. H. Evans","doi":"10.1177/1051449X1000700107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1051449X1000700107","url":null,"abstract":"By this short address, illustrated by lantern slides, I hope to bring before our Society a subject worthy of discussion, inasmuch as it adds another aid in criminal identification which has for many years attracted the attention of criminologists at home and abroad. At the outset I must confess that my interest in the configuration of the ear has not been born of a criminological quest; but owing to frequent uncorroborated assertions that tumours and cancer are hereditary, I have paid for years close attention to the study of the ear-not as an aural surgeon-to the configuration of the external ear, being under the impression that an organ of such multiplex units and complex development, in relation with which defects are common but cancer rare, would afford valuable information along these lines. By some scientists certain shapes of ear are viewed as peculiar to certain types of physiognomy; by others the form of the ear is taken to be a gauge of intelligence or as an indicator of some special talent: for example, the ear of Mozart was of phenomenal extent. Now, it may be true that it is advantageous for a musician to possess a large receiver of sound, but the tuning of the auditory fibres and cells is of far greater importance. The several types of ear vary in shape (irregular, quadrilateral, triangular, oval, round, or pyriform), in thickness, and in orienta-","PeriodicalId":415025,"journal":{"name":"Medico-Legal Society Transactions","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1910-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129861917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Obituary","authors":"Walton","doi":"10.1177/1051449x1000700115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1051449x1000700115","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":415025,"journal":{"name":"Medico-Legal Society Transactions","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1910-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122232933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Death Penalty","authors":"JAMES R. Scott","doi":"10.1177/1051449x1000700106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1051449x1000700106","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":415025,"journal":{"name":"Medico-Legal Society Transactions","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1910-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131217086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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