Global Decline of Insects [Working Title]最新文献

Diversity, Importance and Decline of Pollinating Insects in Present Era 当代传粉昆虫的多样性、重要性和衰退

Global Decline of Insects [Working Title] Pub Date : 2022-01-29 DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.100316

N. Kaur, Amritpal Singh Kaleka

{"title":"Diversity, Importance and Decline of Pollinating Insects in Present Era","authors":"N. Kaur, Amritpal Singh Kaleka","doi":"10.5772/intechopen.100316","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.100316","url":null,"abstract":"Pollination is a multi-million-year-old co-evolutionary process involving flowering plants and pollinators. It is one of the most important mechanisms in preservation and promotion of biodiversity as well as life on Earth. Pollinator diversity is essential for maintaining overall biological diversity in many habitats including agro-ecosystems. Pollinators are responsible for assisting reproduction in over 80% of the world’s flowering plants. In their absence, humans and wildlife would go hungry. Insects are the most efficient pollinators as they play a crucial part in pollination ecology. Pollinators and their habitats have ecological, economic, cultural and social benefits. Pollination efficiency is highly dependent on certain attributes and characteristics of pollinators such as vision, anatomy, food preferences, olfaction, behaviour and learning ability. With the rapid growth of human population, our demand for food has also risen. Our agricultural systems will need to produce more food in a sustainable manner in the future to cope with this. Pollinators play an important role in these ecosystems and will continue to do so in the future. Because pollinators are so important to agriculture, we need to learn more about which crops require specific pollinators and how to best maintain and promote both wild and controlled species. Their diversity needs protection because there are specific relationships between certain crops and pollinators. Pollinator communities are suffering as a result of man-made habitat disruptions, including severe biodiversity loss. This diversity must be protected by combining conservation measures with sustainable farming practices which could increase crop yields while protecting insect pollinator species.","PeriodicalId":414728,"journal":{"name":"Global Decline of Insects [Working Title]","volume":"141 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128617870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Impacts of Organic Farming on Insects Abundance and Diversity 有机耕作对昆虫丰度和多样性的影响

Global Decline of Insects [Working Title] Pub Date : 2022-01-27 DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.102035

Hamadttu Abdel Farag El-Shafie

引用次数: 0

Botanical Insecticides and their Potential as Anti-Insect/Pests: Are they Successful against Insects and Pests? 植物性杀虫剂及其防治害虫的潜力:它们是否能成功防治害虫?

Global Decline of Insects [Working Title] Pub Date : 2021-11-05 DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.100418

T. Iqbal, N. Ahmed, Kiran Shahjeer, Saeed Ahmed, Khalid Awadh Al-Mutairi, Hanem Fathy Khater, Reham Fathey Ali

{"title":"Botanical Insecticides and their Potential as Anti-Insect/Pests: Are they Successful against Insects and Pests?","authors":"T. Iqbal, N. Ahmed, Kiran Shahjeer, Saeed Ahmed, Khalid Awadh Al-Mutairi, Hanem Fathy Khater, Reham Fathey Ali","doi":"10.5772/intechopen.100418","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.100418","url":null,"abstract":"In low-income countries, subsistence and transitional farms frequently use botanical insecticides. The shortage or high cost of industrial pesticides also prompts their use. Botanical insecticides are also prescribed by agricultural and development programs and certain development organizations. However, since insecticidal proof of their effectiveness and protection might not be sufficient or usable, this may be called into question. While insecticidal botanicals have been extensively studied, there has yet to be a fusion that focuses especially on the domestic synthesis of biopesticides that work infield and storage effectively. In this chapter, we look at the effectiveness of botanicals (neem, garlic, and essential oil) that are used as insecticides. In addition, this chapter also focuses on research carried out on the use of these essential oils as insecticides. Processes that use variable amounts of ingredients and concentrations and ratios of active ingredients can have varying impacts on the efficacy of plant-based biological insecticides. Finally, using home-made insecticides would reduce the losses that occur during food production and enable us to use environment-friendly pest management methods.","PeriodicalId":414728,"journal":{"name":"Global Decline of Insects [Working Title]","volume":"2005 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125812568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 19

Botanical Insecticides Are a Non-Toxic Alternative to Conventional Pesticides in the Control of Insects and Pests 植物性杀虫剂是传统杀虫剂的一种无毒替代品

Global Decline of Insects [Working Title] Pub Date : 2021-10-25 DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.100416

N. Ahmed, Mukhtar Alam, Muhammad Saeed, H. Ullah, T. Iqbal, Khalid Awadh Al-Mutairi, Kiran Shahjeer, R. Ullah, Saeed Ahmed, Nibal Abd Aleem Hassan Ahmed, Hanem Fathy Khater, Muhammad Salman

{"title":"Botanical Insecticides Are a Non-Toxic Alternative to Conventional Pesticides in the Control of Insects and Pests","authors":"N. Ahmed, Mukhtar Alam, Muhammad Saeed, H. Ullah, T. Iqbal, Khalid Awadh Al-Mutairi, Kiran Shahjeer, R. Ullah, Saeed Ahmed, Nibal Abd Aleem Hassan Ahmed, Hanem Fathy Khater, Muhammad Salman","doi":"10.5772/intechopen.100416","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.100416","url":null,"abstract":"Insect control for crops is one of the most critical global concerns. Pest management is an economic and ecological problem worldwide due to the human and environmental risks raised by most synthetic pesticide products. Botanical insecticides have resurfaced in popularity due to their low cost and low environmental impact, rather than their negative effects on human health. Botanical insecticides destroy only the insects they are meant to kill, leaving no residue on food or in the environment. Botanicals have long been used to combat pests. The compounds have many environmental advantages. However, as opposed to other bio-control pests and pathogens, their use was minimal during the twentieth century. In developing countries, botanical insecticides are well adapted for use in organic food production. Nonetheless, they may play a far bigger role in developed countries’ food production and post-harvest food protection. Consequently, the current chapter briefly addresses botanicals with active ingredients with insecticidal, antifeedant, or repellent properties.","PeriodicalId":414728,"journal":{"name":"Global Decline of Insects [Working Title]","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128060833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 22

Description of a New Species of the Genus Anagrus (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea: Mymaridae): A Biocontrol Agent as an Alternative to Insecticide Use 一种替代杀虫剂的生物防治剂——小蜂属一新种记述(膜翅目:蜂总科:小蜂科)

Global Decline of Insects [Working Title] Pub Date : 2021-10-25 DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.99957

Shireen Saleem, Shoeba Binte Anis

{"title":"Description of a New Species of the Genus Anagrus (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea: Mymaridae): A Biocontrol Agent as an Alternative to Insecticide Use","authors":"Shireen Saleem, Shoeba Binte Anis","doi":"10.5772/intechopen.99957","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.99957","url":null,"abstract":"Although insects are economically important as they produce honey, silk, act as pollinators and also play an important role in functioning of an ecosystem, yet insect population is declining very fast. One of the possible causes of insects decline is excessive use of pesticides. Control of pest with synthetic chemicals or pesticides result in several issues and complications. These chemical pesticides or insecticides can also cause toxic effects on beneficial organisms like honeybees and butterflies which are important pollinators. So, biocontrol agents can be used as best alternative to control pest without harming beneficial organism and non-target insects or other organism as majority of biocontrol agents are host specific. Biological control agents including predators and parasotoids are natural enemies of insect pests. Present chapter deals with the description and illustration of one new species Anagrus (Anagrus) sololinearis sp.nov from India. This new species belongs to genus Anagrus (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea: Mymaridae). Genus Anagrus is considered as one of the important and most promising biocontrol agents in insects as it is an egg parasitoid.","PeriodicalId":414728,"journal":{"name":"Global Decline of Insects [Working Title]","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132073927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Potential Reasons for Insect Decline 昆虫减少的潜在原因

Global Decline of Insects [Working Title] Pub Date : 2021-09-27 DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.100065

Gagan Preet Kour Bali, Amritpal Singh Kaleka

引用次数: 0

Pesticide Impact on Honeybees Declines and Emerging Food Security Crisis 农药对蜜蜂减少的影响和正在出现的粮食安全危机

Global Decline of Insects [Working Title] Pub Date : 2021-07-23 DOI: 10.5772/INTECHOPEN.98871

F. Manzoor, Mahnoor Pervez

{"title":"Pesticide Impact on Honeybees Declines and Emerging Food Security Crisis","authors":"F. Manzoor, Mahnoor Pervez","doi":"10.5772/INTECHOPEN.98871","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/INTECHOPEN.98871","url":null,"abstract":"Bee crisis is threatening worldwide food security. Pesticides are extensively used in the agricultural zone. Unfortunately, these pesticides cause severe toxicity toward pollinators than the target pests such as honeybees. This review summarizes the different studies related to pesticide hazards of bees. This paper reported risks of pesticides neurological and physiological poisoning toward honeybees. Pesticides act as poison and ruin vital functions involved in leaning and cognition, behavior and, the body physiological mechanisms. Many laboratory and field research data evaluated the lethal and sub-lethal poisoning on bee foraging dance, learning, and memory abilities of honeybees. Insecticide residues are detected in bee bodies and LD50 and LC50 values evaluated. It is also studied that in honeybees systemic insecticide residues and, its metabolite adulterated in their body during foraging activities. Similarly, pesticide-contaminated food stored in a hive consumed continuously by honeybees may cause sub-lethal toxicity effects. Which causes anomalous bee social behavior and ultimately leads to colony collapse disorder. If population of pollinator decline it will disturb the food chain and leads to food crisis. This review emphasized causes of bee decline with the emergence of pesticides in agricultural domains.","PeriodicalId":414728,"journal":{"name":"Global Decline of Insects [Working Title]","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130980095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

Causes and Reasons of Insect Decline and the Way Forward 昆虫减少的原因和原因及未来的发展方向

Global Decline of Insects [Working Title] Pub Date : 2021-07-23 DOI: 10.5772/INTECHOPEN.98786

S. A. Dar, Mohmmad Javed Ansari, Yahya Al Naggar, Shafia Hassan, Syed Nighat, Syed Burjes Zehra, R. Rashid, Mudasir Hassan, B. Hussain

{"title":"Causes and Reasons of Insect Decline and the Way Forward","authors":"S. A. Dar, Mohmmad Javed Ansari, Yahya Al Naggar, Shafia Hassan, Syed Nighat, Syed Burjes Zehra, R. Rashid, Mudasir Hassan, B. Hussain","doi":"10.5772/INTECHOPEN.98786","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/INTECHOPEN.98786","url":null,"abstract":"There are lot of reasons and causes of insect decline. The main causes of insect decline is attributed to habitat destruction, land use changes, deforestation, intensive agriculture, urbanization, pollution, climate change, introduction of invasive insect species, application of pesticides, mass trapping of insects using pheromones and light traps, pathological problems on various insects, and introduction of exotic honey bees in new areas that compete with the native bees for resource portioning and other management techniques for pest management, and even not leaving any pest residue for predators and parasitoids for their survival. The use of chemical insecticides against target or non-target organisms is major cause for insect decline. The diseases and decline of the important pollinators is still a mistry for colony collapse disorder. To overcome the cause of insect decline, various conservation techniques to be adopted and augmentation of artificial nesting and feeding structures, use of green pesticides, maintaining the proper pest defender ratio (P:D), policies and reaching to political audience at global level and other factors already discussed in the chapter may be helpful for mitigating the insect decline and especially for the pollinators, a key insect for life.","PeriodicalId":414728,"journal":{"name":"Global Decline of Insects [Working Title]","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134594178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1