{"title":"Betanin: A Red-Violet Pigment - Chemistry and Applications","authors":"Deepak Devadiga, T. N. Ahipa","doi":"10.5772/intechopen.88939","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.88939","url":null,"abstract":"Nowadays, the demand for eco-friendly/nontoxic natural colorants is growing as an essential alternative to potentially harmful synthetic dyes. Betanin is the chief red pigment of beetroot, and it is the only betalain approved for use in food and pharmaceutical products as a natural red colorant. This chapter is mainly dealing with the betanin pigment, and also the chapter is subdivided into six sections covering the chemistry of betanin, extraction of color using various novel techniques (like microwave- and ultrasonic-assisted extraction) from raw plant material, biosynthesis of betanin followed by chemical synthesis of betanidin, and also the effect of pH, temperature, and light on the stability of betanin followed by its applications.","PeriodicalId":414048,"journal":{"name":"Chemistry and Technology of Natural and Synthetic Dyes and Pigments","volume":"68 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124365121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Fundamentals of Natural Dyes and Its Application on Textile Substrates","authors":"Virendrakumar Gupta","doi":"10.5772/intechopen.89964","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.89964","url":null,"abstract":"The meticulous environmental standards in textiles and garments imposed by countries cautious about nature and health protection are reviving interest in the application of natural dyes in dyeing of textile materials. The toxic and allergic reactions of synthetic dyes are compelling the people to think about natural dyes. Natural dyes are renewable source of colouring materials. Besides textiles it has application in colouration of foods, medicine and in handicraft items. Though natural dyes are ecofriendly, protective to skin and pleasing colour to eyes, they are having very poor bonding with textile fibre materials, which necessitate mordanting with metallic mordants, some of which are not eco friendly, for fixation of natural dyes on textile fibres. So the supremacy of natural dyes is somewhat subdued. This necessitates newer research on application of natural dyes on different natural fibres for completely eco friendly textiles. The fundamentals of natural dyes chemistry and some of the important research work are therefore discussed in this review article.","PeriodicalId":414048,"journal":{"name":"Chemistry and Technology of Natural and Synthetic Dyes and Pigments","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129052073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}