Haonan Hu, Yuan Gao, Jiliang Zhang, Xiaoli Chu, J. Zhang
{"title":"On the Performance and Fairness of LTE-U and WiFi Networks Sharing Multiple Unlicensed Channels","authors":"Haonan Hu, Yuan Gao, Jiliang Zhang, Xiaoli Chu, J. Zhang","doi":"10.1109/PIMRC.2019.8904396","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PIMRC.2019.8904396","url":null,"abstract":"The Long Term Evolution-Unlicensed (LTE-U) scheme has been proposed to exploit the unlicensed spectrum, especially the 5 GHz band, for cellular networks to further increase capacity. Since the 5 GHz band has already been used by WiFi networks, the carrier sense adaptive transmission (CSAT) scheme has been proposed LTE-U access points (LAPs) to harmoniously coexist with WiFi access points (WAPs), where duty cycles are used by LAPs to leave certain time slots that only allow WAPs to access the unlicensed band. However, the performance of the CSAT scheme has not been sufficiently analyzed for multiple unlicensed channels (UCs) in a large-scale network. In this work, we derive the explicit expressions of downlink successful transmission probabilities (STPs) of LAP users and WAP users for a large-scale multi-UC network using stochastic geometry tools. Based on the derived STPs, the fairness between the LTE-U network and the WiFi network, which is defined as the minimum throughput of LTE-U and WiFi users, are analysed versus the duty cycle and the LAP density. Furthermore, the optimal duty cycle is obtained based on the derived STPs in the duty-cycle and non-duty-cycle durations. Our results show that for a given number of UCs and WAP density, and with the optimal duty cycle, the optimal LAP density increases with the increasing number of UCs for maximizing the fairness, but leads to a poorer minimum throughput performance.","PeriodicalId":412182,"journal":{"name":"2019 IEEE 30th Annual International Symposium on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications (PIMRC)","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128711721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Performance-Complexity Tradeoffs of MIMO-NOMA Receivers Towards Green Wireless Networks","authors":"W. Al-Hussaibi, F. Ali","doi":"10.1109/PIMRC.2019.8904383","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PIMRC.2019.8904383","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, new layered multiuser detection (L-MUD) designs for the uplink MIMO-NOMA are investigated to optimize the tradeoffs between achieved performance and complexity. Linear/nonlinear based MUD technique is used for each multiuser MIMO (MU-MIMO) group and a successive interference cancellation process is used for the considered NOMA layers. The upper bound of symbol error probability is derived for MIMO-NOMA with receive diversity over Rayleigh fading channel to show the impact of proposed L-MUD schemes on the achieved performance. Compared with the existing minimum mean squared error (MMSE) based L-MUD and the generic MU-MIMO receivers, numerical simulations demonstrate valuable tradeoffs between the permissible user overloading, required number of radio frequency chains (RFCs), computational efforts, and bit error rate. The new outcomes of complexity reductions will lead to significant power saving and extend the state-of-the-art of MIMO-NOMA towards green applications for 5G wireless networks and beyond.","PeriodicalId":412182,"journal":{"name":"2019 IEEE 30th Annual International Symposium on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications (PIMRC)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128404352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Energy-Efficient Routing Algorithms for UAV-assisted mMTC Networks","authors":"Kaiyu Zhu, Xiaodong Xu, Zhihan Huang","doi":"10.1109/PIMRC.2019.8904226","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PIMRC.2019.8904226","url":null,"abstract":"As one of the three main scenarios of 5G, massive machine-type communications (mMTC) is expected to play an essential role in the future. However, the limited battery of the machine-type communication devices (MTCDs) restricts the network performance. Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) attract more attention recently in cellular networks. The collaboration between the UAV and MTCDs has been a crucial topic to enhance the network performance. In this paper, an adaptive and cost-efficient model is proposed to collect data from MTCDs in a large area assisted by the UAVs. We propose the strategies for higher energy efficiency of MTCDs and longer lifetime of the network based on the model. According to the strategies, we propose a Global Energy-efficient ant colony optimization (ACO) routing algorithm for UAV-assisted mMTC networks (GEAU) to reduce the energy consumption and prolong the lifetime of the networks. Furthermore, in order to reduce the complexity, we propose a practical algorithm with similar performances. Simulations are carried out and illustrate that the proposed algorithms have superior performances compared with existing works.","PeriodicalId":412182,"journal":{"name":"2019 IEEE 30th Annual International Symposium on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications (PIMRC)","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129103445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Chaudhary, Jobin Francis, A. Barreto, G. Fettweis
{"title":"Packet Loss in Latency-constrained Ethernet-based Packetized C-RAN Fronthaul","authors":"J. Chaudhary, Jobin Francis, A. Barreto, G. Fettweis","doi":"10.1109/PIMRC.2019.8904279","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PIMRC.2019.8904279","url":null,"abstract":"Latency is the one of the critical performance metrics for 5G and beyond mobile networks, particularly for ultra-reliable and low-latency communications (URLLC). In URLLC applications, it is required that the transmitted packets reach the destination within a certain time and the packets that are unable to meet this strict latency requirement will be discarded. In this paper, we compute the waiting time in the packetized fronthaul at the Ethernet switch and compute packet loss rate (PLR) incurred due to the inability of the transmitted packets to meet the FH latency threshold. In addition, we derive the tractable closed-form solution for the waiting time distribution and verify it with simulation results. Our results show that PLR is affected mainly by packet size, spectral efficiency, switch speed and arrival rate.","PeriodicalId":412182,"journal":{"name":"2019 IEEE 30th Annual International Symposium on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications (PIMRC)","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116888868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Optimization of Computation Resource for Container-Based Multi-MEC Collaboration System","authors":"Tao Jin, Wei Zheng, X. Wen, Xin Chen, Luhan Wang","doi":"10.1109/PIMRC.2019.8904178","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PIMRC.2019.8904178","url":null,"abstract":"Mobile Edge Computing (MEC) has potential to improve performance of 5G networks in terms of latency and bandwidth. Recently, the architecture of distributed MEC host integrated with 5G networks is proposed by ETIS, providing a new paradigm for implementing edge networks. In this paper, considering the performance optimization and user mobility in edge networks, Docker container is applied to MEC host to form a container-based multi-MEC collaboration system (CMMCS) so that it can optimize computation resources among MEC hosts while guaranteeing QoS. Then the resource allocation optimization is formulated to the system cost minimization and the general pattern of virtual machine resource consumption is considered. After that, we prove that the system cost minimization problem is an NP-hard problem, and a DABF scheme based container deployment algorithm is proposed to figure out the optimal solution. Simulation results demonstrate that our proposed algorithm achieves significant reduction on system cost in CMMCS compared to other baselines in any network environment.","PeriodicalId":412182,"journal":{"name":"2019 IEEE 30th Annual International Symposium on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications (PIMRC)","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116862213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Efficient Uplink Multi-Beam Initial Access Scheme for Inactive Users in mmWave Networks","authors":"Chong Gao, Hongtao Zhang, Yachao Liang, Peng Hao","doi":"10.1109/PIMRC.2019.8904136","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PIMRC.2019.8904136","url":null,"abstract":"The interface between the Radio Access Network and Core Network is kept for Radio Resource Control (RRC) Inactive relative to RRC Idle, and the initial access should be conducted for inactive user equipments (UEs) to reduce the delay of link connection when inactive UEs switch to active. However, due to less interaction information between inactive UEs and transmission and reception points (TRPs), it is necessary to conduct initial access by beam sweeping rather than refined beam alignment. In this paper, an effective uplink multi-beam initial access scheme for inactive UEs in mmWave networks is proposed, where uplink beam sweeping and fast beam recovery is considered. Due to the application of digital beamforming technology and considering that TRP scanning beam number is more than that of UE scanning beams, the delay of uplink based beam sweeping is significantly reduced in the proposed initial access scheme, compared with the traditional downlink based beam sweeping. Furthermore, when the serving beam pair is blocked or not available, fast beam recovery would be conducted by using backup beam pair, where the cases that the backup beam pair and serving beam pair belonging to the same TRP or different TRPs are considered. Simulation results present the effect of density of TRPs, beam sweeping cycle and UE speed on outage probability and average rate after inactive UEs switching to active, and verify initial access performance gain of the proposed initial access scheme.","PeriodicalId":412182,"journal":{"name":"2019 IEEE 30th Annual International Symposium on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications (PIMRC)","volume":"85 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114861787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Timely Scheduling of URLLC Packets Using Precoder Compatibility Estimates","authors":"N. Ksairi, M. Kountouris","doi":"10.1109/PIMRC.2019.8904870","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PIMRC.2019.8904870","url":null,"abstract":"5G systems need to efficiently support both enhanced mobile broadband traffic (eMBB) and ultrareliable, low-latency communications (URLLC) traffic. In this paper, the problem of joint eMBB and URLLC scheduling is studied with the objective of supporting the URLLC requirements with minimal impact on eMBB performance. We propose a preemptive scheduler exploiting a precoder compatibility estimate, which measures the degree of similarity between different multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) channels. This metric allows us to determine which eMBB transmission to pause for serving a URLLC user without recomputing the precoding matrix, thus reducing the processing time needed for multiuser MIMO precoder computation, while both relaxing cell pilot periodicity and reducing URLLC demodulation pilot overhead. This is achieved thanks to the fact that precoder compatibility metrics can be acquired at the user side in an opportunistic manner based on pilot symbols destined to ongoing downlink transmissions. Simulation results assess the performance gains of the proposed scheduler in terms of both URLLC block error rate and eMBB throughput.","PeriodicalId":412182,"journal":{"name":"2019 IEEE 30th Annual International Symposium on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications (PIMRC)","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126785042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Mean-Field Framework for Energy-Efficient Power Control in Massive IoT Environments","authors":"Sami Nadif, Essaid Sabir, A. Haqiq","doi":"10.1109/PIMRC.2019.8904381","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PIMRC.2019.8904381","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents an uplink energy-efficient power control mechanism for massive cellular Internet of Things (IoT) devices using a Mean-Field Game (MFG) approach. In this setting, IoT devices are clustered around closed access small base stations supporting massive connectivity, in order to avoid data traffic congestion. Each IoT device adapts its transmit power to its energy level and selfishly attempts to satisfy its quality of service expressed in terms of signal to interference plus noise ratio, while reducing the power consumption. The power control is first modeled as a differential game then extend to a MFG considering two cases: Large scale network and ultra dense IoT network. The mean field interference are derived using stochastic geometry analysis. Therefore, the IoT devices can predict their optimal transmit power policies based only on their initial energy distribution. A finite difference algorithm is then developed to obtain the mean field equilibrium. The simulations illustrate the optimal transmit power and the mean field at the equilibrium for both orthogonal and non orthogonal multiple access.","PeriodicalId":412182,"journal":{"name":"2019 IEEE 30th Annual International Symposium on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications (PIMRC)","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126724130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Enhanced TOA estimation through tap candidate extraction for positioning in multipath channels","authors":"I. Sobrón, I. Landa, I. Eizmendi, M. Vélez","doi":"10.1109/PIMRC.2019.8904430","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PIMRC.2019.8904430","url":null,"abstract":"Positioning systems are essential in most of the current wireless devices applications. For that reason, a seamless positioning service is desired even when global navigation satellite systems (GNSS) are not available. Positioning systems based on observed time difference of arrival (OTDOA) such as Long Term Evolution (LTE) or the incoming 5G, result a good positioning alternative for those GNSS-disabled situations. Errors in the time of arrival (TOA) estimation can arise from non line-of-sight (NLOS) propagation conditions or multipath channels with weak line-of-sight (LOS). This manuscript elaborates on TOA estimation based on considering several first-arriving path candidates per channel. We present a new method for multipath TOA estimation through a statistical analysis of the cross-correlation. The selection of the TOA candidates can be performed with an adaptive or fixed threshold proposal. Performance analysis has been carried out with a LTE setup in terms of the cumulative distribution function (CDF) of the horizontal position error. Simulation results show that the proposed solution improves the position accuracy with respect to a traditional positioning scheme in harsh multipath propagation conditions.","PeriodicalId":412182,"journal":{"name":"2019 IEEE 30th Annual International Symposium on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications (PIMRC)","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124892966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nikhil Balwani, Dhaval K. Patel, Brijesh Soni, M. López-Benítez
{"title":"Long Short-Term Memory based Spectrum Sensing Scheme for Cognitive Radio","authors":"Nikhil Balwani, Dhaval K. Patel, Brijesh Soni, M. López-Benítez","doi":"10.1109/PIMRC.2019.8904422","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PIMRC.2019.8904422","url":null,"abstract":"The application of machine learning models to spectrum sensing in cognitive radio is not uncommon in literature, but most of these models fail to consider temporal dependencies in the signal. In this paper, the temporal correlation among the spectrum data is exploited using a Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) network. More specifically, the previous sensing event is fed along with the present sensing event to the LSTM model. The proposed sensing scheme is validated based on empirical data of various radio technologies. The proposed LSTM model is compared with other machine learning algorithms in terms of classification accuracy. Furthermore, the proposed scheme is also compared with other spectrum sensing techniques. Results indicate that the proposed scheme improves the detection performance and classification accuracy at low signal-to-noise ratio regimes. Moreover, it is observed that the achieved improvement is obtained at the expense of longer training time and nominal increase in execution time.","PeriodicalId":412182,"journal":{"name":"2019 IEEE 30th Annual International Symposium on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications (PIMRC)","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125218104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}