{"title":"Novel Facile Nanoformulation of levofloxacin quinolone antibiotic","authors":"U. Haroon, Asra Mustafa, S. Gul","doi":"10.58921/jse.01.01.018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58921/jse.01.01.018","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, new levofloxacin loaded mesoporous silica nanoparticles were prepared by sol–gel technique using tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) as silica precursor and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) as pore generating agent. The synthesis conditions were tailored by varying the molar ratio of water, NaOH and amount of CTAB used. The synthesized silica carriers were characterized by Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) which showed that spherical particles with an average size between 80-87 nm were prepared. UV and Infra Red Spectroscopy (FTIR) confirmed the formation of levofloxacin-nano particulate system and showed the participation of carboxylic group in the synthetic process. It is envisaged that nano based drug delivery of levofloxacin would serve as a promising and innovative tool against resistant bacterial infection. \u0000Keywords: Levofloxacin, Nanoparticles, cetyltrimethylammonium bromide, sol–gel","PeriodicalId":412030,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sustainable Environmental","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121634602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Evaluation of soil quality and its impact on mangroves forest Indus delta, Pakistan","authors":"Syed Kanza Mehak, A. Memon, M. Zafar","doi":"10.58921/jse.01.01.016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58921/jse.01.01.016","url":null,"abstract":"The geochemical and texture of forests soil on different aspects have been widely studied, but the adverse effects of environmental degradation poses deterioration on mangroves forest soil of different mangroves species has not been broadly in the literature. The aim of the research was to find out the reasons for the change in forests density along with the extinction of mangroves species and to determine the detrimental impacts of forest soil on mangroves of Keti Bunder, Indus delta, Pakistan. The field study of the Indus delta has been conducted during the year 2021-22. The soil samples were collected from each root zone at different depths (25, 50, and 70 cm) of mangroves species (A.marina, R.mucronata, C.tagal, and A.corniculatum) that presently exist in Pakistan. To evaluate the soil quality, some physical and chemical parameters (pH, Salinity, TDS, TOC, Calcium, Magnesium, Sodium, Potassium, Nitrate, Phosphate, Iron, and Chromium) were used to evaluate the adversity of the pollution. The statistical results have also been calculated by using Descriptive and Principal Component Analysis to find out the level of parameters dispersed in soil and their effects that may cause extinction of mangroves species from Pakistan. Keywords: Species extinction, Adverse impacts, Soil quality, Physico-chemical, Indus delta","PeriodicalId":412030,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sustainable Environmental","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123737034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A solution to combat Erythromycin-resistant bacteria isolated from returned activated sludge in Salt Lake City, Utah","authors":"Noor un-nisa, Ayesha Tajammul","doi":"10.58921/jse.01.01.017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58921/jse.01.01.017","url":null,"abstract":"Treatments offered in clinics are now ineffective due to antibiotic resistance in particular bacterial strains. Plant-based antibiotics are in high demand in developing and developed countries; they are common medications that are simple to use, pose no environmental risks, have no adverse side effects, and are competitively priced. This study aimed to screen plant-based medicine against Erythromycin-resistant bacteria such as E. coli, Enterobacter, Enterococcus, and E. Faecalis. The disk diffusion method and the agar well diffusion method were used to determine the zone of inhibition of Coriandrum Sativum L. (coriander), Zingiber officinale (ginger), and Spinacia oleracea (spinach). Minimum inhibitory concentration was evaluated via UV-visible Spectrophotometry at 600nm, while Polymerase Chain Reaction and Electrophoresis identified genomic activity for ErmB. Coriander was found to be the most effective against Erythromycin-resistant bacteria, and ErmB genes were found in almost all of the isolates. \u0000Keywords: Coriandrum Sativum, Zingiber officinale, Spinacia oleracea, Antimicrobial activity, and Erythromycin","PeriodicalId":412030,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sustainable Environmental","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125814852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Disinfectant Properties of Suspensions of Herbal Extracts: An Antibacterial Study against Escherichia Coli and Staphylococcus Aureus","authors":"B. Pirzada, Ayesha Tajammul, Zubair Ahmed","doi":"10.58921/jse.01.01.015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58921/jse.01.01.015","url":null,"abstract":"The herbal disinfection suspensions were tested on microorganisms isolated from the kitchen floor surface using the disc diffusion technique. Three plant extracts were prepared in an aqueous solvent, and their inhibitory zones were determined. Aak, Pomegranate, and dumb cane leaf extract mixture were used for making disinfectant. For E. coli, the plant combination disinfection 1, at a concentration of 1500 µl, revealed 15mm of zones. Maximum zones for disinfectant 2 were recorded at 750 µl, which was 12mm. At 3000 µl concentration, 16 mm zones were observed for disinfectant 3. At 1500 µl concentration, 15 mm of zones were seen for disinfectant 4. Zones of inhibition of S. aureus were reported to be 18 mm and 15 mm at 3000 µl for disinfectants 1 and 2. At 375 µl, 21 mm of zones were found for disinfectant 3. At 3000 µl concentration, 17 mm of zones were observed for disinfectant 4. Comparing E. coli and S. aureus may conclude that S. aureus has more potential inhibitory zones than E. coli. All of the disinfectants showed promising antibacterial activity against surface microorganisms. \u0000Keywords: Zones of inhibition, Disinfectant, Disk diffusion method, Microbes, Concentration.","PeriodicalId":412030,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sustainable Environmental","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126786478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Return on Investment (ROI) Analysis of OFF-Grid Solar Photovoltaic System in Residential Sector of Pakistan","authors":"Khawaja Faiyz Uddin, Jamshaid Iqbal, S. Amjad","doi":"10.58921/jse.01.01.014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58921/jse.01.01.014","url":null,"abstract":"Pakistan being a developing country is observing a rapid rise in electricity demand and currently the big cities such as Karachi, Quetta, Rawalpindi and Lahore are most severely affected by the recent power crises. Therefore, at this time it is important to explore and investigates the alternate and renewable power sources in the country. This study investigates the significance in terms of economic feasibility of off-grid solar photovoltaic systems in the residential sector of Pakistan. Study area comprises the rural and urban residential sector of all four provinces of Pakistan. The return on investment and project payback periods are calculated using the NEPRA defined electricity tariff inclusive of tax so that a concrete conclusion of investing in off-grid solar could be drawn. Results of this study show that most selected areas in Pakistan have sufficient solar radiation potential for electricity generation. Study finds that solar electricity in Pakistan is one of the cost effective and environmental and social friendly forms of electricity. Payback periods of photovoltaic system in Sindh, Baluchistan, Punjab and KPK have been calculated 3.98, 2.33, 3.99 & 6.78 years, respectively. Results of this study may be useful for collective as well as individual consumers while calculating the economic viability of an off grid solar system. \u0000Keywords: Photovoltaic System, Solar potential, Electricity, Off-Grid Solar System, Return on investment, economic feasibility, Pakistan.","PeriodicalId":412030,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sustainable Environmental","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126796914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}