{"title":"Risk-of-failure calculation accuracy","authors":"A. Farag, M. H. Shewhdi, M. Izzularab, T. Cheng","doi":"10.1109/ELINSL.1998.694844","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ELINSL.1998.694844","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a new method of risk-of-failure calculation for individual insulation at different stresses. The method gives some useful information about the choice of the parameters which are necessary in the simplified calculation. The analysis done on a significant number of cases provides a classification of various types of switching operations that have similar overvoltage distribution. The errors due only to the different simplification methods that were previously used can lead in some cases to a bad estimation of risk of failure evaluation. The purpose of this paper is that of comparing these simplified methods of calculation of risk, among them the well known IEC methods, with this newly designed method.","PeriodicalId":411839,"journal":{"name":"Conference Record of the 1998 IEEE International Symposium on Electrical Insulation (Cat. No.98CH36239)","volume":"518 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116243853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Interpretation of results obtained from testing of oil filled electrical power transformers in field for several utilities in the world","authors":"H. Shertukde, J. Lackey","doi":"10.1109/ELINSL.1998.704645","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ELINSL.1998.704645","url":null,"abstract":"This paper will shed some light on the recent results collected while testing several transformers for utilities around the world using the recently developed Fault Diagnostic Device for Electrical Power Transformers (FD/sup 2/-EPT) by the first author and presently available commercially and used successfully by the second author at Ontario Hydro. The results obtained cover a wide range of transformers tested since December 1995 to November 1997 by the authors either individually or as a team, covering a volt-amp rating from 5 MVA to as high as 750 MVA, both in the single and three phase configurations. The single phase transformers were common in the 340 MVA rating. The voltage rating extended from 4.8 kV to 500 kV. The categories of transformers tested fell under: (1) distribution, (2) substation, (3) generator start-up, (4) unit transformers, (5)system service transformers and (6) rectifier transformers. The results obtained are primarily of the partial discharge (PD) type, however further validation of the results may indicate some other kind of incipient fault. A database of signals collected for several situations will be discussed and an attempt at making a base line interpretation for such signals will be enumerated using several examples. This data was also collected to generate the standards for the IEEE user's guide for such a device. The first author is also a member of the working group of the IEEE Transformer Committee working on such a users guide.","PeriodicalId":411839,"journal":{"name":"Conference Record of the 1998 IEEE International Symposium on Electrical Insulation (Cat. No.98CH36239)","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124094328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Electro-thermal-mechanical computations in ZnO arrester elements","authors":"S. Boggs, J. Kuang, H. Andoh, S. Nishiwaki","doi":"10.1109/ELINSL.1998.694834","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ELINSL.1998.694834","url":null,"abstract":"ZnO nonlinear dielectric is a complex composite of power dissipating grain boundaries, conducting ZnO grains, cavities, and nonconducting grain boundaries. Optimization of the material requires sophisticated approaches to modeling the various electro-thermal-mechanical phenomena in the macroscopic approximation of a homogeneous nonlinear material, the microscopic approximation of grains and grain boundaries, and in statistical approximations to determine the effects of statistically distributed phenomena such as nonconducting grains. In this contribution, we have provided examples of each of these approaches. Through application of studies such as these, substantial improvements have been achieved in ZnO element characteristics.","PeriodicalId":411839,"journal":{"name":"Conference Record of the 1998 IEEE International Symposium on Electrical Insulation (Cat. No.98CH36239)","volume":"86 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124139513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Prebreakdown phenomena in insulating gases. Evaluation of the time-to-breakdown","authors":"E. Gaxiola, J. Wetzer","doi":"10.1109/ELINSL.1998.694887","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ELINSL.1998.694887","url":null,"abstract":"This work is a continuation of earlier work and deals with a study of the avalanche and streamer formation in insulating gases. The goal of this work is to develop and verify discharge models for practical insulating geometries on the basis of physical discharge processes. The work involves an experimental study of the electrical and optical discharge activity as well as two-dimensional (2-D) model simulations. In this paper we discuss the results with regard to the time-to-breakdown t/sub bd/ in nitrogen and dry air. It is shown how the time-to breakdown is influenced by the applied field, the initial electron number, the pressure and the pressure reduced field E/p. The time-to-breakdown curves simulated agree with experimental observations.","PeriodicalId":411839,"journal":{"name":"Conference Record of the 1998 IEEE International Symposium on Electrical Insulation (Cat. No.98CH36239)","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125999803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A theoretical approach of partial discharges under square voltage wave forms","authors":"T. Lebey","doi":"10.1109/ELINSL.1998.704714","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ELINSL.1998.704714","url":null,"abstract":"Partial Discharges (PD) existence is often claimed to be responsible for aging or for short time degradation of low voltage induction motors fed by inverters. The purpose of this paper is to propose a study of the characteristics of PD (appearance, type, number, repetition rate, ...) and to compare these results to real operation conditions for the different types of dielectric material present in the winding (turn to turn, coil to ground, phase to phase insulation).","PeriodicalId":411839,"journal":{"name":"Conference Record of the 1998 IEEE International Symposium on Electrical Insulation (Cat. No.98CH36239)","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125424920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Bremsstrahlung radiation and induced current in polyimide","authors":"H. M. Banford, K. Hodyr, S. Wysocki, R. Fouracre","doi":"10.1109/ELINSL.1998.704693","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ELINSL.1998.704693","url":null,"abstract":"Investigations were made of current transients induced in polyimide by pulses of bremsstrahlung radiation. Test specimens, 50 /spl mu/m thick, were mounted in a vacuum chamber that was positioned as the target in the output beam of an electron accelerator. The electron beam was converted to bremsstrahlung via its interaction with a 4 mm thick lead shield placed in front of the test chamber. The test specimens were stressed by direct voltages to give applied fields approaching 10/sup 7/ V/m and the current following a bremsstrahlung pulse was recorded on a fast oscillograph. Experiments were carried out with both fresh material and material irradiated by electrons to various doses, with a maximum of 100 kGy. It was found that there were marked differences in behaviour between fresh and irradiated material. With positive dc polarisation and an unirradiated sample the output current signal showed an initial negative peak followed by a positive one, the amplitudes of the peaks increasing with increasing polarising voltage. The negative peak decreased in amplitude with increasing radiation dose and at 5 kGy had practically disappeared completely. The positive one remained and increased in amplitude with dose and field. The material also demonstrated a diode effect, in that with a negative bias no output signal was observed. Upon reversal of the field, however, a very large positive pulse was evident.","PeriodicalId":411839,"journal":{"name":"Conference Record of the 1998 IEEE International Symposium on Electrical Insulation (Cat. No.98CH36239)","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131844203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Aging of solid insulators exposed to toxic fire byproducts","authors":"C. Dervos, P. Vassiliou","doi":"10.1109/ELINSL.1998.694864","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ELINSL.1998.694864","url":null,"abstract":"During fire accidents aggressive chemicals associated with the chemical decomposition of burning materials may be released. Fire by-products can be diffused and be adsorbed in to the volume of organic insulators. This is likely to initiate chemical attack leading to irreversible deterioration of the serviceability of an insulation system. The degassing in vacuum of the trapped contaminants may be practically utilized to provide information concerning fire by-product identification. The work presented investigates-as a case study-the induced ageing in polymeric cable insulation. The investigated materials were indirectly exposed in a fire accident that occurred in a fully automated margarine and olive oil production plant, where large quantities of PVC packing were burned. Toxic fire byproducts were detected in the cable insulation by means of quadrupole mass spectrometry. The electrical performance of cable insulation was examined by dc conductivity measurements in the uniform low field regime.","PeriodicalId":411839,"journal":{"name":"Conference Record of the 1998 IEEE International Symposium on Electrical Insulation (Cat. No.98CH36239)","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134508316","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"XLPE materials for extruded high/extra-high voltage transmission cables","authors":"L. Gross, J. S. Furno, C. G. Reid, A. Mendelsohn","doi":"10.1109/ELINSL.1998.694851","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ELINSL.1998.694851","url":null,"abstract":"High quality high voltage and extra-high voltage extruded dielectric transmission cables can be made with the use of appropriate insulation and semiconductive materials and with special processing equipment. The requirements for the cleanliness of the insulation products are defined. The methods required to produce, test and maintain high levels of cleanliness are also elucidated. The criticality of the smoothness of the semiconductive conductor shields is described and the methods used for producing and testing these shields are also explained. Cable data showing excellent transmission properties for these extruded dielectric cables are presented.","PeriodicalId":411839,"journal":{"name":"Conference Record of the 1998 IEEE International Symposium on Electrical Insulation (Cat. No.98CH36239)","volume":"60 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131812522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
K. Srinivasa, R. Maruti, O. Rajesh Kumar, P. Nambudiri, M.S. Lalli, K. Srinivasan, M. Goswami
{"title":"Field measurements of electric and magnetic fields on HV and EHV transmission lines and substations","authors":"K. Srinivasa, R. Maruti, O. Rajesh Kumar, P. Nambudiri, M.S. Lalli, K. Srinivasan, M. Goswami","doi":"10.1109/ELINSL.1998.694806","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ELINSL.1998.694806","url":null,"abstract":"High voltage (HV) and Extra High Voltage (EHV) transmission lines and electric equipment produce electric and magnetic field around their vicinity, which are likely to have harmful effects on plants, animals and human beings when their levels are beyond certain limits. Radiation from power transmission lines are inescapable. Electric and magnetic fields were measured under 220 and 400 kV lines and substations. Equified contours of electric and magnetic fields were plotted around various equipment and transmission lines. Lateral profiles of electric and magnetic fields were measured and analysed. Data from these studies and biological effects of electric and magnetic fields are discussed.","PeriodicalId":411839,"journal":{"name":"Conference Record of the 1998 IEEE International Symposium on Electrical Insulation (Cat. No.98CH36239)","volume":"107 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132843628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Diagnostic technique to assess the condition of stator insulation by measuring microwave associated with dielectric breakdown","authors":"Masatake Kawada, Zen-Ichiro Kawasaki, Kenji Matsuura","doi":"10.1109/ELINSL.1998.704712","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ELINSL.1998.704712","url":null,"abstract":"Partial Discharge (PD) occurring in the stator insulation of the generator is a symptom and/or a direct cause of the deterioration of the insulation system. It is reported that PD is a very short duration current and/or voltage pulse, about 1/spl sim/5 [ns]. Generally PD emits electromagnetic waves which are broadband signals (/spl sim/GHz). Therefore we developed a new system for detecting the electromagnetic waves, especially microwave (GHz) emitted from. From the point of view of protecting an accident caused by the insulation breakdown, it is important to assess the condition of the winding. We applied our system to a dielectric breakdown test to know the relation between the characteristics of the microwave and the insulation condition of the winding. The dielectric breakdown test is useful for estimating the minimum breakdown voltage which is a criterion of the insulation condition of the winding. Experimental results showed that this system was able to assess the insulation condition by measuring the number of the pulses of the microwave per voltage cycle.","PeriodicalId":411839,"journal":{"name":"Conference Record of the 1998 IEEE International Symposium on Electrical Insulation (Cat. No.98CH36239)","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130965300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}