{"title":"Perbandingan Karakter Ekologi OPT (Organisme Pengganggu Tanaman) Dan Musuh Alaminya Pada Masa Tanam Yang Berbeda Di Sawah Organik Dan Anorganik","authors":"M. Hadi","doi":"10.14710/BIOMA.20.1.40-43","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14710/BIOMA.20.1.40-43","url":null,"abstract":"Kualitas dan kuantitas tanaman padi sebagai produsen dalam jaring makanan akan mengundang hadirnya serangga herbivore sebagai konsumen pertama. Hadirnya serangga herbivore atau sering disebut OPT (Organisme Pengganggu Tanaman) di ekosistem sawah akan mengganggu produktivitas tanaman padi. Namun demikian hadirnya OPT di ekosistem sawah juga akan mengundang serangga musuh alaminya sebagai konsumen tingkat kedua, baik predator maupun parasitoiid, yang akan mengontrol keberadaan OPT. Pertanian organik adalah manajemen pertanian yang meniadakan penggunaan bahan kimia sintetik sebagai sarana produksi, baik berupa pupuk maupun pestisida. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana karakter ekologi serangga OPT dan musuh alaminya pada masa tanam yang berbeda yaitu padi dan palawija pada sawah organik dan anorganik. Karakter ekologi dianalisis dengan jumlah jenis, jumlah individu, indeks keragaman (H’), kelimpahan (Di) dan kemerataan (e). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa secara umum karakter ekologi OPT dan musuh alami di dua masa tanam yang berbeda hampir sama, baik di sawah organik maupun anorganik. Jumlah jenis maupun jumlah individu OPT dan musuh alaminya di sawah organik maupun anorganik pada dua masa tanam yang berbeda juga menunjukkan hasil yang hampir sama. Keragaman dan kemerataan persebaran OPT dan musuh alaminya juga tidak berbeda pada kedua masa tanam yang berbeda. Namun demikian pada kedua masa tanam menunjukkan perbedaan dalam jenis OPT maupun musuh alaminya yang hadir, namun antara sawah organik dengan sawah anorganik tidak menunjukkan perbedaan. Kata kunci : OPT, musuh alami, masa tanam, sawah organik dan sawah anorganik.","PeriodicalId":411683,"journal":{"name":"Bioma : Berkala Ilmiah Biologi","volume":"78 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122613767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Keanekaragaman Jenis Tumbuhan Paku (Pteridophyta) di Jalur Pendakian Selo Kawasan Taman Nasional Gunung Merbabu, Jawa Tengah","authors":"F. Astuti, M. Murningsih, J. Jumari","doi":"10.14710/BIOMA.20.1.25-30","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14710/BIOMA.20.1.25-30","url":null,"abstract":"Indonesia has a very high biodiversity, as well as ferns (Pteridophyta).Selo climbing lane at Merbabu Montain Nasional Park selected as the study site because of the many ferns that were founded in this area.The purpose of this study was to analyze the diversity of ferns species.in tropical rain forest ecosystem of high mountains and sub-alpine forests ecosystem on Selo climbing lane at Merbabu Mount National Park. There are many human activity in Selo climbing lanesupposed to influence the existing plants. This research was held on August-December 2016. The method usedinventory inSelo climbing lane and Plot, then analyzed using diversity index. The results found 33 species of ferns from 15 families. The diversity of ferns in the tropical rain forest ecosystem of high mountains fall into the medium category except at post II (2412 masl) has low diversity. Diversity in the sub-alpine forest ecosystem can not be calculated. Key word: diversity, fern, Selo climbing lane.","PeriodicalId":411683,"journal":{"name":"Bioma : Berkala Ilmiah Biologi","volume":"64 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129124781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}