P. Suárez, G. Reza, V. Pastrana, P. Patiño, C. García, C. Cuadrado, C. Espinosa, A. Díaz
{"title":"Comportamiento ingestivo diurno de bovinos de ceba en Brachiaria híbrido Mulato II","authors":"P. Suárez, G. Reza, V. Pastrana, P. Patiño, C. García, C. Cuadrado, C. Espinosa, A. Díaz","doi":"10.21930/RCTA.VOL15_NUM1_ART:393","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21930/RCTA.VOL15_NUM1_ART:393","url":null,"abstract":"For cattle production under grazing conditions, the system characteristic is the multiplicity of elements that interact to make meaningful changes in the eating habits of cattle. This study evaluated diurnal behavior and their productive performance. Grazing cattle were fed with hybrid Brachiaria cv. Mulato II. This study was conducted in a 107 days period between July and October 2010 at Corpoica Turipana Research Center, (Cerete, Colombia). 72 cebu cattle, with an average initial weight of 314 ± 29 kg were used on a 12 hectares field planted with hybrid Brachiaria cv. Mulato II. Two experimental trials were implemented: the first one, using a randomized block design with two replicates using three treatment of 5, 6 and 7 animals/ha. Weight gaining and quality of the fodder were evaluated. The second trial using a randomized block design with three treatments for nine experimental units, monitored daily feeding habits. The quality of the fodder didn’t show any significant difference (P > 0.05), but the time the cattle spent grazing and ruminating while laying down and moving regularly, showed differences (P 0.001). The variables of feeding behavior evaluated, and the weight gaining process were highly influenced by the animal performance.","PeriodicalId":41142,"journal":{"name":"Revista Corpoica-Ciencia y Tecnologia Agropecuaria","volume":"15 1","pages":"15-23"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2015-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68407299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Alba Rosa Rivera de la Rosa, Rafael Ortiz Pech, L. Andrade, J. A. Heredia
{"title":"México y la autosuficiencia alimentaria (sexenio 2006 -2012)","authors":"Alba Rosa Rivera de la Rosa, Rafael Ortiz Pech, L. Andrade, J. A. Heredia","doi":"10.21930/RCTA.VOL15_NUM1_ART:395","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21930/RCTA.VOL15_NUM1_ART:395","url":null,"abstract":"Today, Mexico challenges a globalization trend where richer countries export basic products to developing countries, generating a food crisis that negatively affect the medium-small producers. For this reason, it is important to study the behavior of the food market (exports and imports), since the current Mexican development model does not achieve that food security be a national policy guaranteeing the provision of food for the entire population. Specifically, this article analyses the performance of the food situation during the six–year period 2006-2012, studying three basic foods for Mexican population (maize, bean, wheat) and others strategic food like sugar, sorghum and soy. In addition, it analyzes the performance of harvesting and sowing surface, exports and imports. Results indicated that the three main foods showed had high import growth rates decreasing national harvest and sowing surface, with a trade balance deficit during the six-year period studied. The conclusion is that the local producers need a change in the production dynamics and play a strategic role in the food production with new sustainable alternatives.","PeriodicalId":41142,"journal":{"name":"Revista Corpoica-Ciencia y Tecnologia Agropecuaria","volume":"15 1","pages":"33-49"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2015-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68407321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. G. S. Liberato, Erika Sánchez-Betancourt, H. Argüelles, A. C. González, M. Núñez
{"title":"Citogenética de genotipos de uchuva, Physalis peruviana L., y Physalis floridana Rydb., con respuesta diferencial a Fusarium oxysporum","authors":"A. G. S. Liberato, Erika Sánchez-Betancourt, H. Argüelles, A. C. González, M. Núñez","doi":"10.21930/RCTA.VOL15_NUM1_ART:396","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21930/RCTA.VOL15_NUM1_ART:396","url":null,"abstract":"Vascular wilt caused by the fungus Fusarium oxysporum is considered the main constraint of cape gooseberry, Physalis peruviana, production in Colombia. P. peruviana and P. floridana genotypes with differential resistance responses against F. oxysporum have been identified previously. In the present study, the genotypes were evaluated in order to complement the knowledge of cytogenetics diversity in Physalis and to design hybridization strategies to support breeding of cape gooseberry crop. The chromosome number in mitotic dividing cells from root-tips of tissue culture plantlets was determined, from which the average mitotic hour was estimated at 12:00 hours for P. peruviana and 10:00 for P. floridana. Chromosomic complements of 2n = 4x = 48 and 2n = 2x = 24 were found for each one of the two species. Additionally, flow cytometry analyses detected variation within P. peruviana with a nuclear DNA content of 2.33 pg for the 2n = 24 genotype and variations ranged from 5.77 to 8.12 pg for 2n = 48 genotypes. In P. floridana DNA content was 2.29 pg in the 2n = 24 genotype and 4.03 pg in the 2n = 48 genotype. There was a significant effect (α = 0.01) of the number of chromosomes on nuclear DNA content for the two species","PeriodicalId":41142,"journal":{"name":"Revista Corpoica-Ciencia y Tecnologia Agropecuaria","volume":"15 1","pages":"51-61"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2015-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68407359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Phalacrococcus howertoni Hodges & Hodgson (Hemiptera: Coccoidea: Coccidae), a new soft scale record for the island of Guadeloupe","authors":"J. Etienne, D. Matile-Ferrero, T. Kondo","doi":"10.21930/RCTA.VOL15_NUM1_ART:402","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21930/RCTA.VOL15_NUM1_ART:402","url":null,"abstract":"The croton scale, Phalacrococcus howertoni Hodges & Hodgson (Hemiptera: Coccoidea: Coccidae) is newly reported from the island of Guadeloupe, French West Indies, on several host-plants, including some new host records, i.e., on Spondias cytherea Sonnerat; (Euphorbiaceae), Ocotea membranacea (Sw.) R.A. Howard (Lauraceae), Miconia furfuracea (Vahl) Griseb (Melastomataceae), Ficus citrifolia Mill. (Moraceae) and Piper dilatatum Rich. (Piperaceae).","PeriodicalId":41142,"journal":{"name":"Revista Corpoica-Ciencia y Tecnologia Agropecuaria","volume":"21 1","pages":"115-118"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2015-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68407740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Solano, J. B. Henríquez, B. R. Fandiño, G. Pico
{"title":"Requerimientos hídricos de cuatro gramíneas de corte para uso eficiente del agua en el Caribe seco colombiano","authors":"J. Solano, J. B. Henríquez, B. R. Fandiño, G. Pico","doi":"10.21930/RCTA.VOL15_NUM1_ART:399","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21930/RCTA.VOL15_NUM1_ART:399","url":null,"abstract":"In the Colombia Caribbean region’s low rainfall (600 to 1500 mm) and irregular distribution leads to a drastic reduction in availability of fodder. The project objectives were to determine the water requirements of 4 grasses, evaluate water - production equations and the effect of water deficit on yield. Spray gradient methodology was used on a split plot design with 4 repetitions and 6 treatments for 100, 80, 60, 40, 20 y 0% of the water deficit. In summer season from January to April, the average daily water consumption of grasses purple King grass, green King grass, Elephant and Maralfalfa was 4,7; 4,6; 4,6 y 4,9 mm/day with average K factors 0,68; 0,66; 0,67 y 0,73 respectively. Dry matter productions with indicated water consumptions were higher in 301, 317, 140 and 415% respectively than productions in treatments without irrigation. At maximum rainfall (April - June) the average water requirements of these grasses in the same old order was 4,25; 4,23; 4,22; 4,54 mm/day with average K factors of 0,75; 0,75; 0,74 and 0,81. Yields in dry matter with previous consumptions exceeded 146, 178, 141 y 204% respectively to no irrigation treatments. Under irrigated conditions Maralfalfa is recommended while under rainfed conditions Elephant grass is recommended.","PeriodicalId":41142,"journal":{"name":"Revista Corpoica-Ciencia y Tecnologia Agropecuaria","volume":"15 1","pages":"83-99"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2015-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68407972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Tendencia anual de los grados día cafeto y los grados día broca en la región andina ecuatorial de Colombia","authors":"C. C. Ramírez, G. Daza, J. Q. A. Peña","doi":"10.21930/RCTA.VOL16_NUM1_ART:379","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21930/RCTA.VOL16_NUM1_ART:379","url":null,"abstract":"It is expected that climate change modifies the current spatial pattern of coffee cultivation in mountainous slopes of Colombia. However, the approaches used to reach these results are based on the use of (global and regional) climate models and species distribution models that largely supported in the niche concept. In order to assess the certainty of the results obtained with these models, a methodology in which data from weather stations and an index of agroclimatic type (thermal time), expressed as degree days are used. The best approximation for thermal time calculation was determined. Then, a multiyear monthly accumulated of coffee degree-days and coffee berry borer degree-days were generated (using the simple triangle method) by using daily data from weather stations with more than 20 years of information. The nonparametric trend analysis (Mann-Kendall) and correlation analysis were used to determine effects of climate variability associated with the occurrence of El Nino and La Nina, on the thermal time of the two mentioned species. Significant,positive trends, in coffee degree-days and coffee berry borer degree-days were found at heights (above sea level) where the optimum coffee growth is reported.","PeriodicalId":41142,"journal":{"name":"Revista Corpoica-Ciencia y Tecnologia Agropecuaria","volume":"16 1","pages":"51-63"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2015-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68408320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Fabio Rueda Calier, Luis Alfonso Peñaranda Mallungo, Wilmer Leonardo Velásquez Vargas, S. Báez
{"title":"Aplicación de una metodología de análisis de datos obtenidos por percepción remota orientados a la estimación de la productividad de caña para panela al cuantificar el NDVI (índice de vegetación de diferencia normalizada)","authors":"Fabio Rueda Calier, Luis Alfonso Peñaranda Mallungo, Wilmer Leonardo Velásquez Vargas, S. Báez","doi":"10.21930/RCTA.VOL16_NUM1_ART:377","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21930/RCTA.VOL16_NUM1_ART:377","url":null,"abstract":"The productivity estimation sugar cane is very important for Colombian economy. The Net Primary Production (NPP) model is applied on present investigation from Kumar & Monteith to regional scale. Analyzing spatiotemporal with geomantic techniques and edaphoclimatic environment characterization. Field surveys were conducted too, to acquire physiological information of plants evaluated and soil conditions of the plantation under study. The data acquired was input in ArcGIS10.1 software, to make processing these.A series thematic map was resulted from data processing from spatiotemporal distribution of plantation soil characteristics and biophysical characteristics. The variables fPAR, PAR, EUR was calculate from Kumar & Monteith efficiency model. Remote sensing and mathematic models related and fraction absorbed photosynthetically active radiation derivates from Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and incident photosynthetically active adiation in land sensors recorded was calculated. Chemical and physical properties in laboratory tests were realized to soil, for relation knowledge between edaphoclimatic conditions and biophysical variables related with the sugar cane biomass gainer for Panela production. The information integrated from Geographic Information System (GIS) and edaphic data and climatic data in country recorded, shows the behavior of the plantation as it develops.","PeriodicalId":41142,"journal":{"name":"Revista Corpoica-Ciencia y Tecnologia Agropecuaria","volume":"16 1","pages":"25-40"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2015-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68408579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
C. I. M. Cano, M. L. Arias, Álvaro Arley Castaño Colorado, L. E. Cardona
{"title":"Análisis del desarrollo de plantas de mortiño (Vaccinium meridionale Swart.) bajo dos sistemas de propagación: clonal y sexual","authors":"C. I. M. Cano, M. L. Arias, Álvaro Arley Castaño Colorado, L. E. Cardona","doi":"10.21930/RCTA.VOL16_NUM1_ART:390","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21930/RCTA.VOL16_NUM1_ART:390","url":null,"abstract":"A research was carried out at Corpoica´s La Selva,Experiment Station located at Rionegro, Antioquia,Colombia, at 2.120 masl in the ecological zone Low Mountain Rain Forest. The objective was to characterize growth and development of andean blueberry Vaccinium meridionale Sw., plants, obtained by seed and clonal propagation, from a wild population of the species. Four plants of each type were transplanted to rizhotrons, with glasses on two sides, which allowed the root growth recording. The plants coming from seed spent 1.663 days from sowing to flowering, and those derived from rooted cuttings 1.367 days. In both types, the roots lack root hairs. Also, in both kinds of materials, there was evidence for non alternating periods of root and aerial organs growth, with 6.28 and 7.00 as allometric indexes between the aerial part and the roots for the individuals obtained by sexual and asexual propagation. In spite of the occurrence of periods of increased flower production, after the beginning of the flowering to the end of the research,these organs were detected in both types of materials.There was a greater interplant variability in the growth values obtained in the sexual plants than those of the clonal ones.","PeriodicalId":41142,"journal":{"name":"Revista Corpoica-Ciencia y Tecnologia Agropecuaria","volume":"14 1","pages":"65-77"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2015-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68408452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. A. Velásquez, R. Alvarez, P. Tamayo, C. Carvalho
{"title":"Evaluación in vitro de la actividad fungistática del aceite esencial de mandarina sobre el crecimiento de Penicillium sp.","authors":"M. A. Velásquez, R. Alvarez, P. Tamayo, C. Carvalho","doi":"10.21930/RCTA.VOL15_NUM1_ART:392","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21930/RCTA.VOL15_NUM1_ART:392","url":null,"abstract":"The fungi Penicillium digitatum and P. italicum represent the main global economic loss to the citrus industry during postharvest stage. Nowadays, the use of fungicides is increasingly restricted due to their carcinogenic, teratogenic, high residuality, long degradation period, environmental contamination, increased pathogen resistance, among others. Natural antimicrobial compounds could be a safe and viable option to minimize disease losses facing the industry. In this study, we evaluated in vitro the activity of tymol, carvacrol and commercial mandarin oil (Italian Mandarin) at concentrations of 40 and 50 ppm using the agar diffusion method and microbiological testing. All the essential oils evaluated for both fungi, showed an inhibition rate between 50% and 100%, and the effect was higher at doses of 50 ppm. This effect was followed by inhibition of sporulation and germination. Carvacrol showed the higher antifungal activity for both fungi studied. P. digitatum showed a greater sensitivity to the effect of the essential oils evaluated compared to P. italicum. Commercial mandarin essential oil can be an alternative to the control of postharvest diseases caused by Penicillium sp. in plant products","PeriodicalId":41142,"journal":{"name":"Revista Corpoica-Ciencia y Tecnologia Agropecuaria","volume":"15 1","pages":"7-14"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2015-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68407182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"La solubilización de fosfatos como estrategia microbiana para promover el crecimiento vegetal","authors":"Mayra Eleonora Beltrán Pineda","doi":"10.21930/RCTA.VOL15_NUM1_ART:401","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21930/RCTA.VOL15_NUM1_ART:401","url":null,"abstract":"in Agroecosystem, the cost of crop production and environmental quality of soil and water have been affected. Microorganisms carry out most biogeochemical cycles; therefore, their role is essential for agro ecosystem balance. One such functional group is the phosphate solubilizing microorganisms, which are recognized plant growth promoters. These microbial populations perform an important activity, since in many soils there are large reserves of insoluble phosphorus, as a result of fixing much of the phosphorus fertilizer applied, which cannot be assimilated by the plant. The phosphate solubilizing microorganisms use different solubilization mechanisms such as the production of organic acids, which solubilize theses insoluble phosphates in the rhizosphere region. Soluble phosphates are absorbed by the plant, which enhances their growth and productivity. By using these phosphate reserves in soils, application of chemical fertilizers is decreased, on the one hand, can again be fixed by ions Ca, Al or Fe making them insoluble and, by the other hand, increase the costs of crop production. Microbial populations have been widely studied in different types of ecosystems, both natural and Agroecosystem. Thanks to its effectiveness, in laboratory and field studies, the phosphate solubilizing phenotype is of great interest to microbial ecologists who have begun to establish the molecular basis of the trait.","PeriodicalId":41142,"journal":{"name":"Revista Corpoica-Ciencia y Tecnologia Agropecuaria","volume":"15 1","pages":"101-113"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2015-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68408029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}