African Safety Promotion最新文献_第10页

Modelling traffic injury prevention in low and middle income countries (LMIC) : prospects and challenges 中低收入国家交通伤害预防建模:前景与挑战

African Safety Promotion Pub Date : 2006-01-01 DOI: 10.4314/ASP.V4I1.31584

B. Solagberu

{"title":"Modelling traffic injury prevention in low and middle income countries (LMIC) : prospects and challenges","authors":"B. Solagberu","doi":"10.4314/ASP.V4I1.31584","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/ASP.V4I1.31584","url":null,"abstract":"Worldwide, 85% of deaths from road traffic injury (RTI) occur in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) even though only 40% of all motor vehicles are found in LMICs. Death rates from RTI in high-income countries (HICs) have declined as a result of certain well-documented steps which have been taken. This paper discusses how LMICs and HICs can share models in RTI prevention, while emphasising local adaptation of the strategies and highlighting perspectives. A review of literature on traffic injury prevention, with an application of Haddon's principles of traffic injury prevention, was undertaken. A non-traffic strategy, related to Nigeria's level of economy, was also correlated with injury rates. Proven and promising models are presented, together with means of adaptation, and measures to reduce barriers to accepting their application. Personal documented evidence was used where available. Primary, secondary and tertiary phases of traffic injury prevention are identified, with possibilities for modelling effective strategies within LMICs themselves, and between HICs and LMICs. The non-traffic strategies showed how an inverse relationship exists between a country's overall economy and traffic injury rate, while the Transparency International Index of corruption correlates directly with traffic injury rates. Evidence for modelling abounds, but importing effective measures from one country to another may not succeed, implying the need for improvisation and innovation. Reliable data on traffic injury in LMICs, and implementing results from these data would assist global efforts in reducing traffic injury deaths in LMICs.","PeriodicalId":41085,"journal":{"name":"African Safety Promotion","volume":"1 1","pages":"140-149"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86433366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Childhood injuries: defining a global agenda for research and action 儿童伤害:确定全球研究和行动议程

African Safety Promotion Pub Date : 2006-01-01 DOI: 10.4314/ASP.V4I1.31579

A. Hyder

{"title":"Childhood injuries: defining a global agenda for research and action","authors":"A. Hyder","doi":"10.4314/ASP.V4I1.31579","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/ASP.V4I1.31579","url":null,"abstract":"Globally, injuries (intentional and unintentional) are amongst the 10 leading causes of death and disease burden in the 0-4, 5-14, and 15-29 year age groups. Despite the magnitude of this burden, it is surprising to note the relative lack of global attention to childhood injuries in terms of both public policies and resource investments. This paper focuses on low and middle income countries, and explores reasons why the health and development sectors have traditionally ignored childhood injuries, and then proposes critical steps for promoting childhood injuries as a priority in global health. Childhood injuries have not fared well in the health sector due to a variety of reasons including lack of data, traditional perceptions towards injuries, hesitancy by the health sector, lack of champions, and inability to demonstrate solutions in settings that need them most. Child health in the developing world has not been receptive to injuries due to a lack of recognition of the impact of childhood injuries on mortality and morbidity, and a dominant focus on infectious diseases. Relevant information on childhood injuries needs to be generated, interventions critical for reducing the burden of such injuries require testing and implementation in low and middle income countries, and the social and economic benefits of addressing this health problem need to be clearly defined. While these measures are necessary for facing the challenge of childhood injuries, they are not sufficient. This will require the development of new partnerships and refocusing current efforts. The paper calls on the global health community to recognise the toll of childhood injuries and make innovative efforts to reduce that burden.","PeriodicalId":41085,"journal":{"name":"African Safety Promotion","volume":"42 1","pages":"87-95"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88560924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 9

Injury prevention and safety promotion in Africa - local actors and global partners 非洲的伤害预防和安全促进——当地行为者和全球合作伙伴

African Safety Promotion Pub Date : 2006-01-01 DOI: 10.4314/ASP.V4I1.31574

O. Kobusingye

引用次数: 2

Childhood burns : emerging evidence for preventive action and policy in South Africa 儿童烧伤:南非预防行动和政策的新证据

African Safety Promotion Pub Date : 2006-01-01 DOI: 10.4314/ASP.V4I1.31580

A. Niekerk

引用次数: 4

Data to action: mobilising compassion and merging voices in safety promotion 从数据到行动:在安全促进方面调动同情和融合声音

African Safety Promotion Pub Date : 2006-01-01 DOI: 10.4314/ASP.V4I1.31570

M. Seedat

引用次数: 5

Securing safety as a right: from knowing to doing 保障安全作为一种权利:从知道到做

African Safety Promotion Pub Date : 2006-01-01 DOI: 10.4314/ASP.V4I1.31571

M. Ramphele

{"title":"Securing safety as a right: from knowing to doing","authors":"M. Ramphele","doi":"10.4314/ASP.V4I1.31571","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/ASP.V4I1.31571","url":null,"abstract":"Issues of injury prevention and safety promotion are inextricably linked to questions of the application of knowledge to address the needs of society. Advances in science and technology have made it possible to minimise the occurrence and impact of injuries. We also know much more about what actions enhance or constrain safety promotion. Yet there is a gap between safety standards attained versus what is possible in both resource rich and poor settings all over the world. Violent acts and accidents continue to endanger the lives of many in spite of our knowledge base. The politics of application of knowledge bears some reflection. This paper focuses on the gap between what we know and what we do as scientists, practitioners, individuals and societies to prevent injury and promote safety. It identifies two clusters of the drivers of this gap. Environmental: constitutional, values including the strength of a science culture, policy, implementation capacity, monitoring and evaluation, and accountability. Human Factors: attitudes, education levels, skills, and motivation. It concludes that scientific knowledge and data analysis to inform policy-making and implementation in injury prevention and safety promotion is a necessary, but not sufficient condition for success. It suggests that securing safety as a right requires closing the gap between what we know and what we do. The application of knowledge and public accountability for performance are key drivers of safety and injury prevention.","PeriodicalId":41085,"journal":{"name":"African Safety Promotion","volume":"3 1","pages":"22-28"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75555964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Book Review: Security and Politics in South Africa: The regional dimension 书评:《南非的安全和政治:地区层面》

African Safety Promotion Pub Date : 2004-11-01 DOI: 10.4314/ASP.V1I2.31553

Tanya M. Swart

引用次数: 1

Book Review: Peace, Conflict and Violence: Peace Psychology for the 21st Century 书评:《和平、冲突与暴力:21世纪的和平心理学》

African Safety Promotion Pub Date : 2004-11-01 DOI: 10.4314/ASP.V1I2.31552

S. Suffla

引用次数: 6

Editorial: Building and Consolidating the Injury Prevention Sector in Africa 社论:在非洲建立和巩固伤害预防部门

African Safety Promotion Pub Date : 2004-11-01 DOI: 10.4314/ASP.V1I2.31545

G. Stevens

引用次数: 0

The Magnitude of Firearm Homicide in Cape Town, 2001 2001年开普敦枪杀案的严重性

African Safety Promotion Pub Date : 2004-11-01 DOI: 10.4314/ASP.V1I2.31547

M. Prinsloo, R. Matzopoulos, A. Sukhai

{"title":"The Magnitude of Firearm Homicide in Cape Town, 2001","authors":"M. Prinsloo, R. Matzopoulos, A. Sukhai","doi":"10.4314/ASP.V1I2.31547","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/ASP.V1I2.31547","url":null,"abstract":"Firearm-related fatalities accounted for nearly half (46.1%) of all homicides in Cape Town in 2001. Cape Town's homicide rate of 88 per 100 000 population was among the highest of five cities that had full coverage by the National Injury Mortality Surveillance System (NIMSS), and while the number of non-firearm homicides has remained fairly constant, firearm homicides have steadily increased from 36 to 40 per 100 000 population between 1999 and 2001. Cape Town homicides from the NIMSS database for 2001 were extracted and descriptive variables for firearm versus non-firearm homicides were compared. Age, sex, population group, time, scene and suburb of death data were examined for both groups in order to identify potential risk factors for firearm homicide that could assist in the development of more accurate prevention strategies. Males were more frequently the victims of homicide than females, particularly among the economically active age group of 15 to 44 years. The top seven suburbs in which homicides occurred could be characterised as low-income communities and accounted for a significantly higher percentage of firearm homicides than non-firearm homicides. The research findings highlight the importance of strategies to reduce the proliferation of firearms and to minimise gunshot injuries as an urgent public health imperative. African Safety Promotion Vol.1(2) 2002: 19-25","PeriodicalId":41085,"journal":{"name":"African Safety Promotion","volume":"48 2 1","pages":"19-25"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78422455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 15