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Addressing Supply Chain and Manufacturing Challenges and Opportunities 解决供应链和制造业的挑战和机遇
National Academies Press Pub Date : 2022-06-15 DOI: 10.17226/26593
Roundtable Policy Global Affairs National Academies of Scienc Government-University-Industry Research
{"title":"Addressing Supply Chain and Manufacturing Challenges and Opportunities","authors":"Roundtable Policy Global Affairs National Academies of Scienc Government-University-Industry Research","doi":"10.17226/26593","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17226/26593","url":null,"abstract":"The COVID-19 pandemic escalated supply chain vulnerabilities that affect almost every sector of the economy. Identifying key vulnerabilities and developing responses to them will require the mobilization of diverse actors across the U.S. research enterprise. In October and November 2021, the Government-University-Industry Research Roundtable (GUIRR) of the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine convened a number of virtual workshops for its membership and invited guests to discuss opportunities for enhancing U.S. approaches to addressing manufacturing and supply chain resilience, security, and sustainability challenges through partnerships and cross-sector collaboration. In convening experts and leaders from across sectors and disciplines, GUIRR provided a forum for dialogue on policy priorities for consideration by leaders across the research enterprise. This publication summarizes the presentation and discussion of the workshop series.","PeriodicalId":410555,"journal":{"name":"National Academies Press","volume":"41 2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130388671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Providing Health Literate Virtual Health Services 提供健康知识的虚拟卫生服务
National Academies Press Pub Date : 2022-02-28 DOI: 10.17226/26490
Literacy Board on Population Health Roundtable on Health
{"title":"Providing Health Literate Virtual Health Services","authors":"Literacy Board on Population Health Roundtable on Health","doi":"10.17226/26490","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17226/26490","url":null,"abstract":"The COVID-19 pandemic has led to a dramatic increase in health services being conducted by telephone or video. While this change may have important benefits to patients, such as increasing access to care, it may also pose challenges for those with low health literacy. To explore these challenges, as well as opportunities for increasing access to care, the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine's Roundtable on Health Literacy held a virtual public workshop on September 23, 2021. The workshop examined the experiences that individuals with low health literacy have with using virtual or telehealth services;best practices for ensuring that individuals with low health literacy are able to obtain, process, understand, and act upon health information and services provided virtually or through telehealth;and health system and provider strategies for ensuring the delivery of health literate virtual health services that benefit patients and practitioners alike. This Proceedings of a Workshop-in Brief highlights the presentations and discussions of the workshop.","PeriodicalId":410555,"journal":{"name":"National Academies Press","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127857735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
International Workshop on COVID-19 Lessons to Inform Pandemic Influenza Response COVID-19经验教训为应对大流行性流感提供信息国际讲习班
National Academies Press Pub Date : 2022-01-14 DOI: 10.17226/26352
Medicine National Academy of
{"title":"International Workshop on COVID-19 Lessons to Inform Pandemic Influenza Response","authors":"Medicine National Academy of","doi":"10.17226/26352","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17226/26352","url":null,"abstract":"While the world continues to respond to the COVID-19 pandemic, novel influenza viruses persist as a constant pandemic threat. The global response to COVID-19 has pushed the boundaries on what is possible for rapid pandemic response in several areas, including vaccine research, development, manufacturing, equitable distribution, allocation, and administration. If well understood and sufficiently adapted, these actions could be applied to future pandemic and seasonal influenza vaccine preparedness efforts. However, developing and delivering these more effective vaccines to meet the demand goes beyond simply technical challenges and includes issues across governance, financing, research, supply chain, and public engagement. To address these challenges, the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine convened a virtual public workshop in May of 2021 to discuss the emerging evidence on unprecedented actions related to COVID-19 that could inform and advance pandemic and seasonal influenza vaccine preparedness efforts and subsequent response. This Proceedings of a Workshop provides a high-level summary of the presentations and discussions that occurred during the workshop.","PeriodicalId":410555,"journal":{"name":"National Academies Press","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132867413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Innovations for Tackling Tuberculosis in the Time of COVID-19 2019冠状病毒病时期应对结核病的创新
National Academies Press Pub Date : 2021-12-13 DOI: 10.17226/26404
Threats Board on Global Health Health Medicine Division Na Forum on Microbial
{"title":"Innovations for Tackling Tuberculosis in the Time of COVID-19","authors":"Threats Board on Global Health Health Medicine Division Na Forum on Microbial","doi":"10.17226/26404","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17226/26404","url":null,"abstract":"The Forum on Microbial Threats of the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine's Health and Medicine Division hosted a virtual workshop on July 22, 2021 to evaluate the current status in tuberculosis (TB) eradication and the impact that COVID-19 has had on the global fight against TB. With support from the U.S. Agency for International Development, the workshop examined technological and strategic innovations that can be leveraged to meet the targets set by the United Nations High-Level Meeting on Tuberculosis and the END TB Strategy from the World Health Organization. Workshop discussions comprised four main topics: gaps and challenges in diagnostic technologies, including point-of-care testing;promising potentials of vaccination approaches, including existing tools in the development pipeline and new vaccine platforms;possibilities and encouraging progress toward achieving a shorter, non-toxic treatment regimen;and opportunities for engaging increased and sustained commitments to achieve targets for ending TB in the face of challenges from COVID-19 and future disease threats. This Proceedings of a Workshop-in Brief summarizes the presentations and discussions that occurred during the workshop.","PeriodicalId":410555,"journal":{"name":"National Academies Press","volume":"60 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130450685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Resilience of the Research Enterprise During the COVID-19 Crisis COVID-19危机中科研企业的复原力
National Academies Press Pub Date : 2020-12-08 DOI: 10.17226/26014
Engineering Medicine National Academies of Sciences
{"title":"Resilience of the Research Enterprise During the COVID-19 Crisis","authors":"Engineering Medicine National Academies of Sciences","doi":"10.17226/26014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17226/26014","url":null,"abstract":"The COVID-19 pandemic is having profound impacts worldwide Immediate responses by actors across the research enterprise have instigated new and meaningful collaborations between government, universities, and companies, but have also significantly strained the resources and workforces of institutions struggling to adapt in a period of change and uncertainty Challenges will likely persist in the long term, as shockwaves reverberate throughout the economy Many changes could have a permanent impact on the research enterprise From May through August 2020, the Government-University-Industry Research Roundtable (GUIRR) hosted a virtual workshop series on the health and resilience of the research enterprise in response to COVID-19 The workshops convened senior leaders and experts to understand the challenges created by the pandemic for research and to stimulate further dialogue on opportunities for cross-sector collaboration in the United States and globally This publication briefly summarizes each workshop, grouped under three thematic areas: coping with economic uncertainty;considering security challenges;and mobilizing resources and transforming work environments","PeriodicalId":410555,"journal":{"name":"National Academies Press","volume":"170 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132707274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Flying in the COVID-19 Era: Science-based Risk Assessments and Mitigation Strategies on the Ground and in the Air 2019冠状病毒病时代的飞行:基于科学的地面和空中风险评估和缓解战略
National Academies Press Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.17226/26426
Engineering Medicine National Academies of Sciences
{"title":"Flying in the COVID-19 Era: Science-based Risk Assessments and Mitigation Strategies on the Ground and in the Air","authors":"Engineering Medicine National Academies of Sciences","doi":"10.17226/26426","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17226/26426","url":null,"abstract":"The National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine convened a workshop on February 4th and 5th, 2021 to review the issues related to safety of passengers and employees in commercial air transportation, for domestic and international travel, during the COVID-19 pandemic. The workshop explored best practices to assess and mitigate COVID-19 transmission risks experienced during the travel chain, from the departure airport entrance to the destination airport exit. The workshop also identified areas where more research is needed to address gaps in understanding. This publication documents the presentations and discussions held during the workshop, and is presented as a synthesis of the workshop.","PeriodicalId":410555,"journal":{"name":"National Academies Press","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131068383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Countering the Pandemic Threat Through Global Coordination on Vaccines 通过全球疫苗协调应对大流行威胁
National Academies Press Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.17226/26284
Medicine National Academy of
{"title":"Countering the Pandemic Threat Through Global Coordination on Vaccines","authors":"Medicine National Academy of","doi":"10.17226/26284","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17226/26284","url":null,"abstract":"The COVID-19 pandemic has laid bare the fragility of the global system of preparedness and response to pandemics and the fragmentation of our research and development ecosystem. The pandemic has provided a disruptive moment to advance new norms and frameworks for influenza. It also has demonstrated how innovative global public-private partnerships and coordination mechanisms can lead to rapid successes in viral vaccine research, manufacturing, and risk pooling. Countering the Pandemic Threat Through Global Coordination on Vaccines identifies ways to strengthen pandemic and seasonal influenza global coordination, partnerships, and financing. This report presents seven overarching recommendations for how the urgent influenza threat should be conceptualized and prioritized within the global pandemic preparedness and response agenda in the future.","PeriodicalId":410555,"journal":{"name":"National Academies Press","volume":"65 4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117230967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Public Health Lessons for Non-Vaccine Influenza Interventions 非疫苗流感干预措施的公共卫生教训
National Academies Press Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.17226/26283
Medicine National Academy of
{"title":"Public Health Lessons for Non-Vaccine Influenza Interventions","authors":"Medicine National Academy of","doi":"10.17226/26283","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17226/26283","url":null,"abstract":"The COVID-19 pandemic has challenged the world's preparedness for a respiratory virus event. While the world has been combating COVID-19, seasonal and pandemic influenza remain imminent global health threats. Non-vaccine public health control measures can combat emerging and ongoing influenza outbreaks by mitigating viral spread. Public Health Lessons for Non-Vaccine Influenza Interventions examines provides conclusions and recommendations from an expert committee on how to leverage the knowledge gained from the COVID-19 pandemic to optimize the use of public health interventions other than vaccines to decrease the toll of future seasonal and potentially pandemic influenza. It considers the effectiveness of public health efforts such as use of masks and indoor spacing, use of treatments such as monoclonal antibodies, and public health communication campaigns.","PeriodicalId":410555,"journal":{"name":"National Academies Press","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125666984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Evolving Crisis Standards of Care and Ongoing Lessons from COVID-19 不断演变的危机护理标准和2019冠状病毒病的持续教训
National Academies Press Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.17226/26573
Engineering Medicine National Academies of Sciences
{"title":"Evolving Crisis Standards of Care and Ongoing Lessons from COVID-19","authors":"Engineering Medicine National Academies of Sciences","doi":"10.17226/26573","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17226/26573","url":null,"abstract":"Crisis Standards of Care (CSC) inform decisions on medical care during a large-scale crisis such as a pandemic or natural disaster, eliminating the need to make these decisions at the bedside without protections or guidance. Numerous points throughout the COVID-19 pandemic have demonstrated the necessity of this type of crisis planning. The National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine Forum on Medical and Public Health Preparedness for Disasters and Emergencies convened a series of public workshops to examine the experiences of healthcare providers during the COVID-19 pandemic and identify lessons that can inform current and future CSC planning and implementation. The workshops examined staffing and workforce needs, planning and implementation of CSC plans, and legal, ethical, and equity considerations of CSC planning. Topics of discussion included improving coordination between the bedside and boardroom, increasing buy-in from elected officials, expanding provider engagement, and addressing health equity issues. This publication summarizes the presentation and discussion of the workshops.","PeriodicalId":410555,"journal":{"name":"National Academies Press","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134257074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Vaccine Research and Development to Advance Pandemic and Seasonal Influenza Preparedness and Response 疫苗研究与开发促进大流行和季节性流感的防范和应对
National Academies Press Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.17226/26282
National Academies of Sciences Engineering Medicine
{"title":"Vaccine Research and Development to Advance Pandemic and Seasonal Influenza Preparedness and Response","authors":"National Academies of Sciences Engineering Medicine","doi":"10.17226/26282","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17226/26282","url":null,"abstract":"The global response to COVID-19 has demonstrated the importance of vigilance and preparedness for infectious diseases, particularly influenza. There is a need for more effective influenza vaccines and modern manufacturing technologies that are adaptable and scalable to meet demand during a pandemic. The rapid development of COVID-19 vaccines has demonstrated what is possible with extensive data sharing, researchers who have the necessary resources and novel technologies to conduct and apply their research, rolling review by regulators, and public-private partnerships. As demonstrated throughout the response to COVID-19, the process of research and development of novel vaccines can be significantly optimized when stakeholders are provided with the resources and technologies needed to support their response. Vaccine Research and Development to Advance Pandemic and Seasonal Influenza Preparedness and Response focuses on how to leverage the knowledge gained from the COVID-19 pandemic to optimize vaccine research and development (R&D) to support the prevention and control of seasonal and pandemic influenza. The committee's findings address four dimensions of vaccine R&D: (1) basic and translational science, (2) clinical science, (3) manufacturing science, and (4) regulatory science.","PeriodicalId":410555,"journal":{"name":"National Academies Press","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126864636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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