Advances in Computed Tomography最新文献

High Resolution Computed Tomography Features of Third Wave of COVID-19 Pneumonia in Confirmed Cases 新冠肺炎确诊病例第三波高分辨率ct特征分析

Advances in Computed Tomography Pub Date : 2021-06-30 DOI: 10.4236/act.2021.102002

Abdul Malik Hayat, S. Bhatti

{"title":"High Resolution Computed Tomography Features of Third Wave of COVID-19 Pneumonia in Confirmed Cases","authors":"Abdul Malik Hayat, S. Bhatti","doi":"10.4236/act.2021.102002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/act.2021.102002","url":null,"abstract":"COVID-19 which is caused by its new type called SARS-CoV-2 is a viral disease predominantly involving the lungs. Objective: To investigate HRCT features of pulmonary disease in COVID-19 in Lahore, Pakistan. Methods: This is a prospective study that involved 127 COVID-19 positive patients (age 18 - 80 years, both genders) through non-probability sampling was conducted at the Radiology Department, Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, Lahore, in 2021. All patients with RT-PCR positive underwent HRCT chest. All findings in HRCT chest were assessed. Confirmed patients had positive HRCT. Excluded situations are low quality of images irrespective of its reason, HRCT indications other than COVID-19 pneumonia, and patients who do not want to participate in the study Results: Considering the exclusion and inclusion criteria, totally 127 COVID-19 confirmed patients ranging age from 18 to 80 years with a mean age of 52 ± 18 years, took part in this study. The most important and common HRCT finding was the multilobar ground-glass pattern which was present in 95% of patients. Other findings including, crazy paving pattern, consolidation, air bronchogram, and bronchiectasis were present in 8.7%, 82%, 63%, and 37% of patients respectively. Pleural effusion seen in 21% patients. 16% of patients had mediastinal lymphadenopathy. Conclusion: In our study, the ground-glass pattern was found to be the most common and important HRCT finding in patients confirmed with COVID-19 pneumonia. This important HRCT pattern is mostly found to be in posterobasal and peripheral subpleural locations. Other than ground-glass pattern, bronchiectasis, and consolidation having the air bronchogram were also reported commonly.","PeriodicalId":407440,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Computed Tomography","volume":"85 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133058039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Role of Imaging in Examining Neurological Disorders; Assessing Brain, Stroke, and Neurological Disorders Using CT and MRI Imaging 影像学在神经系统疾病检查中的作用使用CT和MRI成像评估脑、中风和神经系统疾病

Advances in Computed Tomography Pub Date : 2020-03-06 DOI: 10.4236/act.2020.91001

S. Shetewi, Bander S. Al Mutairi, Saeed M. Bafaraj

{"title":"The Role of Imaging in Examining Neurological Disorders; Assessing Brain, Stroke, and Neurological Disorders Using CT and MRI Imaging","authors":"S. Shetewi, Bander S. Al Mutairi, Saeed M. Bafaraj","doi":"10.4236/act.2020.91001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/act.2020.91001","url":null,"abstract":"Background: \u0000Neurological disorder is identified as a severe cause of mortality among the \u0000patients. Given the severity of the disorder, various tools have been developed \u0000for the effective scanning of the symptoms and causes. Objective: The study \u0000intends to compare the two advanced neuroimaging tools i.e. computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) \u0000for assessing the patients of the possible brain, stroke, and neurological \u0000disorders concern their neurological symptoms and signs. Method: The \u0000retrospective study was conducted and medical records of 151 patients were \u0000assessed statistically. Chi-square test was applied to the collected data. \u0000Results: The results of the study provided that multiple seizures (15.2%) \u0000served as the major cause of examination, followed by a headache (9.9%), visual \u0000complaint (7.9%), single seizure (5.3%), gait abnormality (3.3%) and altered \u0000consciousness (2.6%); whereas, speech difficulty remained low (1.3%). CT scan \u0000findings of the patients reported parieto-temporal area and development of \u0000acute hypo densities as the prime concerns, where its results remained insignificant (0.29). Using \u0000MRI, unremarkable MRI was majorly reported, followed by lateralized to one side, \u0000stable MRI feature, bilateral symptoms, and ischemic disease. The results of \u0000MRI were significant (0.00). Conclusion: The study concludes that magnetic \u0000resonance imaging is more effective for the evaluation of the neurological disorders as \u0000compared to CT scan.","PeriodicalId":407440,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Computed Tomography","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122384893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Tuberculosis Detection from Computed Tomography with Convolutional Neural Networks 基于卷积神经网络的计算机断层扫描肺结核检测

Advances in Computed Tomography Pub Date : 2019-12-18 DOI: 10.4236/act.2019.84005

Xudong Liu, Hao Lei, Sicun Han

引用次数: 2

Study of Radiation Doses in Adult and Paediatric Patients Undergoing Computed Tomography Examination in Nigeria 尼日利亚接受计算机断层扫描检查的成人和儿童患者的辐射剂量研究

Advances in Computed Tomography Pub Date : 2019-09-30 DOI: 10.4236/act.2019.83004

S. M. Ngaram, I. Mohammed

{"title":"Study of Radiation Doses in Adult and Paediatric Patients Undergoing Computed Tomography Examination in Nigeria","authors":"S. M. Ngaram, I. Mohammed","doi":"10.4236/act.2019.83004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/act.2019.83004","url":null,"abstract":"The use of computed tomography (CT) has increased over the past decades and has resulted in a concurrent increase in medical exposure to ionizing radiation. Several recent studies have examined the link between medical radiation and the risk of cancer, especially in children. Results are presented in terms of the volumetric computed tomography dose index (CTDIvol) and dose length product (DLP) for head, chest and abdomen. The 75th percentile of adult CTDIvol for head, chest and abdomen are 85 mGy, 13.34 mGy and 13.29 mGy respectively and the corresponding DLP values 1437.47 mGy·cm, 417.49 and 656.02 mGy·cm. However, the paediatric head based on age group 0 - 1 yr, 1 - 5 yrs, 6 - 10 yrs and 11 - 15 years are 28.18 mGy, 32.12 mGy, 32.13 mGy and 28.20 mGy and corresponding DLP values 399.75 mGy·cm, 514.38 mGy·cm, 578.42 mGy·cm and 487.11 mGy·cm respectively and for paediatric abdomen from 1 - 5 years to 11 - 15 years are 3.98 mGy, 4.26 mGy and 5.92 mGy and the corresponding DLP 99.36 mGy·cm, 160.84 and 235.85 mGy·cm. The finding shows considerably high CTDIvol and DLP values for adult head comparable to the international standard thus optimization is required. Reduction in radiation doses for both adult and paediatric patients involve training of staff and optimize CT protocols.","PeriodicalId":407440,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Computed Tomography","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121733965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Simplified Bernoulli Formula to Diagnose Ischemia-Causing Stenosis at Coronary CT Angiography: Comparison with SPECT 简化伯努利公式在冠状动脉CT血管造影诊断缺血性狭窄中的应用:与SPECT的比较

Advances in Computed Tomography Pub Date : 2019-05-08 DOI: 10.4236/ACT.2019.82002

N. Tomizawa, Hiroaki Arakawa, Kodai Yamamoto, Shinichi Inoh, T. Nojo, S. Nakamura

{"title":"Simplified Bernoulli Formula to Diagnose Ischemia-Causing Stenosis at Coronary CT Angiography: Comparison with SPECT","authors":"N. Tomizawa, Hiroaki Arakawa, Kodai Yamamoto, Shinichi Inoh, T. Nojo, S. Nakamura","doi":"10.4236/ACT.2019.82002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/ACT.2019.82002","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: To compare the diagnostic performance of estimated energy loss (EEL) calculated using a simplified Bernoulli formula at coronary computed tomography (CT) and single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) to diagnose ischemia-causing stenosis by invasive fractional flow reserve (FFR). Methods: We retrospectively included 43 patients who underwent coronary CT, SPECT, and FFR measurement by catheter within 3 months. When an intermediate stenosis (40% - 70%) was present at CT, EEL was calculated using the following parameters: lesion length, diameter stenosis, minimal lumen area, and the myocardial volume. An EEL > 1.17 or diameter stenosis > 70% was determined ischemic. Stress-induced ischemia by SPECT was determined when a perfusion defect at stress was accompanied with a fill-in at rest. An FFR ≤ 0.80 or diameter stenosis >70 % was determined as ischemic by catheter. Results: A total of 26 vessels were determined as ischemic by catheter exam. The per-vessel sensitivity and specificity of EEL and SPECT were 81% vs 42% and 92% vs 91%, respectively. The accuracy of EEL to diagnose stenosis causing ischemia was significantly higher than SPECT (90% vs 81%, p = 0.04). The area under the curve of the receiver operating characteristics curve was also significantly higher for EEL than SPECT (0.86 vs 0.67, p < 0.005). Conclusions: EEL showed higher accuracy than SPECT to diagnose ischemia-causing stenosis by improving the sensitivity.","PeriodicalId":407440,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Computed Tomography","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125888308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Computed Tomography Using a Low Tube Voltage Technique for Acute Ischemic Stroke 利用低管电压技术进行急性缺血性脑卒中的计算机断层扫描

Advances in Computed Tomography Pub Date : 2019-05-07 DOI: 10.4236/ACT.2019.82003

Kenji Nakamura, Katsuhiko Maeda, M. Tanooka, Shuhei Aoyama, R. Ishikura, N. Kotoura

引用次数: 1

High Resolution Computed Tomography Scan Findings of Chest among Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients at a Dedicated Hospital in Dhaka City during the First Wave of Pandemic 第一波大流行期间达卡市一家专门医院住院的COVID-19患者胸部高分辨率计算机断层扫描结果

Advances in Computed Tomography Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.4236/act.2022.111001

M. Islam, K. Fatema, F. Shams, S. Kamal, Anjuman Ara, Md Abdullah Yusuf

引用次数: 0