{"title":"An introduction to automatic profile control","authors":"J. R. Cumming","doi":"10.1109/RAPCON.1989.47710","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RAPCON.1989.47710","url":null,"abstract":"The author presents a brief introduction to measuring the profile variation of an extruded flat sheet and techniques for controlling that profile variation with a flexible-lip die. Profile control strategies are discussed, and attention is given to such issues as controlling to the average, creating nonflat products, neckdown, interaction across the die, heat transfer, and tuning. The purpose of automatic profile control is to shape the profile of the sheet. This requires adequate measurement of the sheet, with special attention to aligning the measurement data to the positions of the diebolts on the die.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":405924,"journal":{"name":"Forty-First Annual Conference of Electrical Engineering Problems in the Rubber and Plastics Industries","volume":"101 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125572329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Equipment grounding conductors and bonding: a vital link in electrical system protection","authors":"G.J. Ockuly","doi":"10.1109/RAPCON.1989.47716","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RAPCON.1989.47716","url":null,"abstract":"Electrical equipment grounding and bonding conductors must be sized to withstand the maximum fault currents imposed during abnormal system conditions. It is noted that many low-voltage distribution systems do not contain adequately sized equipment grounding conductors and bonding jumpers, compromising personnel and system safety. It is emphasized that proper consideration of conductor withstand ratings provides improved equipment grounding, system reliability, and safety. Examples are presented which illustrate the engineering and design issues associated with proper selection and sizing of the equipment grounding conductor and associated bonding conductors. Particular consideration is given to insulated conductor withstand ratings, bare conductor withstand ratings, and conductor sizing using a current-limiting device. It is concluded that it is the responsibility of the design engineer to comply with the National Electrical Code requirements as well as to understand the nuances of proper electrical protection associated with component and equipment withstandability.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":405924,"journal":{"name":"Forty-First Annual Conference of Electrical Engineering Problems in the Rubber and Plastics Industries","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123745808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Analysis of basic position loop control systems","authors":"C.W. Koehler","doi":"10.1109/RAPCON.1989.47713","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RAPCON.1989.47713","url":null,"abstract":"The author discusses the basics of loop position and the tension variation in a product caused by the loop. He covers the basic catenary, position regulator gain, weighted dancer loops with and without a counterweight, and other possible approaches to loop control. It is noted that it is known that the tension variations on the material being processed on a continuous process line can affect the product quality. It can be seen from the examples discussed that it is not obvious what the real tension variation may be for a particular loop design. The present work is intended as a guideline to give the design engineer a good starting point to make sure product uniformity is taken into account in specific designs.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":405924,"journal":{"name":"Forty-First Annual Conference of Electrical Engineering Problems in the Rubber and Plastics Industries","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128431051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A comparison of AC and DC extruder drives","authors":"R. M. Green","doi":"10.1109/RAPCON.1989.47709","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RAPCON.1989.47709","url":null,"abstract":"The author examines the extruder drive as an example of a variable-speed constant-torque drive application in the plastics industry. He discusses the pros and cons of AC and DC drives for this application. Issues of digital controls, communications, and control integration are considered. Attention is given to an application example involving a multilayer sheet line using a winder and gauge control.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":405924,"journal":{"name":"Forty-First Annual Conference of Electrical Engineering Problems in the Rubber and Plastics Industries","volume":"88 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114848678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}