Journal of the Transportation Research Forum最新文献_第2页

Demonstration of the United States Road Assessment (usRAP) as a Systematic Safety Tool for Two Lane Roadways and Highways in Kansas 美国道路评估(usRAP)作为堪萨斯州两车道公路和高速公路系统安全工具的示范

Journal of the Transportation Research Forum Pub Date : 2017-03-01 DOI: 10.5399/OSU/JTRF.56.1.4414

Benjamin G Nye, Eric J. Fitzsimmons, S. Dissanayake

引用次数: 2

Safety Analysis Considering the Impactof Travel Time Reliability on Elderly Drivers 考虑行车时间可靠性对老年驾驶员影响的安全分析

Journal of the Transportation Research Forum Pub Date : 2017-03-01 DOI: 10.5399/OSU/JTRF.56.1.4408

E. Kidando, R. Moses, Y. AbdelRazig, Eren Erman

引用次数: 4

Modeling the Transport Infrastructure-Growth Nexus in the United States 美国交通基础设施与增长关系的建模

Journal of the Transportation Research Forum Pub Date : 2016-09-01 DOI: 10.5399/OSU/JTRF.55.3.4394

J. Chi, Jungho Baek

{"title":"Modeling the Transport Infrastructure-Growth Nexus in the United States","authors":"J. Chi, Jungho Baek","doi":"10.5399/OSU/JTRF.55.3.4394","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5399/OSU/JTRF.55.3.4394","url":null,"abstract":"The rising government funding in transport infrastructure has sparked political and academic debates on the economic impacts of transport infrastructure investment in the United States. Although numerous empirical studies have examined the transport infrastructure-growth nexus, existing literature has mixed conclusions of the economic effects of expanding transport infrastructure. The main objective of this paper is to assess the short- and long-run impacts of transport and nontransport public infrastructure on economic growth to provide an implication of the effectiveness of these fiscal policy tools in the short- and long-term. For this purpose, we employ a modern autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) approach to explore the dynamic relationships among transport infrastructure, non-transport public infrastructure, private capital, labor hours, GDP, and exports. In the long run, we find that a bidirectional relationship exists between transport infrastructure and GDP, suggesting that expanding transport infrastructure improves aggregated economic output, and enhanced economic output increases public investment in transport infrastructure. However, the magnitude of the impact of transport infrastructure on GDP is smaller than that of non-transport public infrastructure, implying that non-transport infrastructure investment is a more effective longterm fiscal stimulus than expanding transport infrastructure.","PeriodicalId":405535,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Transportation Research Forum","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114516145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

Hazardous Materials Transportation with Multiple Objectives: A Case Study in Taiwan 危险物品运输的多重目标:以台湾为例

Journal of the Transportation Research Forum Pub Date : 2016-09-01 DOI: 10.22004/AG.ECON.262670

Ta-Yin Hu, Ya-Han Chang

{"title":"Hazardous Materials Transportation with Multiple Objectives: A Case Study in Taiwan","authors":"Ta-Yin Hu, Ya-Han Chang","doi":"10.22004/AG.ECON.262670","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22004/AG.ECON.262670","url":null,"abstract":"Hazardous material (hazmat) transportation has been an important issue for handling hazardous materials, such as gases and chemical liquids. In the past, researchers have made great efforts to develop policies and route planning methods for hazmat transportation problems. In 2014, Kaohsiung City in Taiwan suffered a gas pipeline explosion at midnight; 32 people were killed, and hundreds of people were injured. After the incident, policies and routing strategies for hazardous materials (hazmat) transportation in Kaohsiung were initiated to avoid pipeline transportation. Although methodologies for hazmat transportation have been proposed and implemented to minimize potential risks, multiple objectives need to be considered in the process to facilitate hazmat transportation in Taiwan. In order to consider both government and operators’ aspects, a multi-objective formulation for the hazmat problem is proposed and a compromise programming method is applied to solve the problem with two objectives: travel cost and risk. The path risk is defined based on risk assessment indexes, such as road characteristics, population distribution, link length, hazardous material characteristics, and accident rates. An aggregate risk indicator is proposed for roadway segments. The compromise programming approach is developed from the concept of compromise decision and the main idea is to search the compromise solution closest to the ideal solution. The proposed method is applied to Kaohsiung City, Taiwan. The results show that two conflicting objectives keep making trade-offs between each other until they finally reach a compromise solution.","PeriodicalId":405535,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Transportation Research Forum","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130251193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

An Assessment and Measurement of Risks in the International Airline Industry: A Study of the ICAO Carriers Over the Period, 1990-2013 国际航空业的风险评估与度量:对ICAO承运商1990-2013年的研究

Journal of the Transportation Research Forum Pub Date : 2016-09-01 DOI: 10.5399/OSU/JTRF.55.3.4385

C. Scheraga, R. Gritta

{"title":"An Assessment and Measurement of Risks in the International Airline Industry: A Study of the ICAO Carriers Over the Period, 1990-2013","authors":"C. Scheraga, R. Gritta","doi":"10.5399/OSU/JTRF.55.3.4385","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5399/OSU/JTRF.55.3.4385","url":null,"abstract":"A prior study by one of the authors (Gritta, et. al. 2006) published in the Journal of the Transportation Research Forum, examined the extent of operating, financial, and total leverage facing the major U.S airlines, those carriers with total revenues of $1.0 billion or more. The study found that the vast majority of the carriers were highly leveraged at both the operating and financial levels and that this resulted in highly unstable profitability and increased the dangers of bankruptcy. The global airline industry has always been highly cyclical and somewhat fixed-cost driven. Airlines are thus high in what financial analysts refer to as operating leverage. In addition, the many airlines have followed aggressive debt strategies; that is, they have chosen to use large amounts of long-term debt finance to purchase assets. This results in a high degree of financial leverage. In the past, the resulting combined leverage has created severe financial problems for major carriers, both domestically and internationally.The current study seeks to examine a sample of foreign carriers in order to measure the extent of risks on the international level. In doing so, comparisons will be made to the large U.S. carriers. If possible, the authors will use the same time horizon as in the published paper, although in some cases carriers are too new to have such a history.","PeriodicalId":405535,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Transportation Research Forum","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128298304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Safety Evaluation of Shoulder Bypass Lanes at Unsignalized Intersections on Rural Two-Lane Roadways Using Cross Sectional Analysis 基于横断面分析的农村双车道无信号交叉口肩旁车道安全评价

Journal of the Transportation Research Forum Pub Date : 2016-09-01 DOI: 10.5399/OSU/JTRF.55.3.4397

S. Dissanayake, A. Shams

{"title":"Safety Evaluation of Shoulder Bypass Lanes at Unsignalized Intersections on Rural Two-Lane Roadways Using Cross Sectional Analysis","authors":"S. Dissanayake, A. Shams","doi":"10.5399/OSU/JTRF.55.3.4397","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5399/OSU/JTRF.55.3.4397","url":null,"abstract":"Construction of bypass lanes at rural intersections has typically been considered a low-cost highway safety improvement by the transportation community. However, this needs to be quantitatively evaluated so that the decisions could be made on whether to continue with adding bypass lanes. Highway safety analyses utilize two common approaches to evaluate the effectiveness of a geometric treatment: before-and-after study and cross-sectional study. This paper explains the results using a cross-sectional study approach, where intersections with bypass lanes were compared to intersections with no bypass lanes for which crash data were obtained for more than 1,100 intersections in Kansas. Both 3-legged and 4-legged intersections were taken into consideration separately by looking at intersection-related crashes and crashes within an intersection box. According to the results, the number of crashes and crash severities were lower at 3-legged intersections with bypass lanes compared with 3-legged intersections without bypass lanes, even though these reductions were not statistically significant at 95% level. When considering a 300-ft. intersection box, statistically significant crash reductions were observed at 4-legged intersections, for all considered crash and crash rate categories. When considering 90% level, crash reduction at 3-legged intersections was also statistically significant when considering a 300-ft. intersection box. Crash modification factors (CMFs) calculated to evaluate safety effectiveness of bypass lanes at unsignalized rural intersections in Kansas showed values less than 1.0 for almost all cases, indicating safety benefits of bypass lanes. Accordingly, it is beneficial to continue with the practice of adding shoulder bypass lanes at rural unsignalized intersections on two-lane roads where the traffic volumes are relatively low.","PeriodicalId":405535,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Transportation Research Forum","volume":"142 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133125033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Sturdy Inference: A Bayesian Analysis of U.S. Motorcycle Helmet Laws 坚固推理:美国摩托车头盔法规的贝叶斯分析

Journal of the Transportation Research Forum Pub Date : 2016-09-01 DOI: 10.5399/OSU/JTRF.55.3.4403

Richard Fowles, P. Loeb

{"title":"Sturdy Inference: A Bayesian Analysis of U.S. Motorcycle Helmet Laws","authors":"Richard Fowles, P. Loeb","doi":"10.5399/OSU/JTRF.55.3.4403","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5399/OSU/JTRF.55.3.4403","url":null,"abstract":"Motorcycle related fatalities continue to be a major concern for public health officials, economists, and policy makers interested in such matters. In 2006, 3% of all motor vehicles registered in the United States were 2-3 wheelers (motorcycle type vehicles), while riders of these vehicles accounted for 11% of vehicle related deaths. Such a disproportionate number of fatalities associated with motorcycles is certainly grounds for concern. Most studies of motorcycle fatalities attribute deaths to the avoidance of wearing helmets and the lack of helmet laws, speed, and alcohol usage. This study makes use of a rich panel data set for the period 1980 to 2010 by state and the District of Columbia to examine these factors and others. It is the first study to differentiate between the effects of universal and partial helmet laws on motorcycle fatalities. It also accounts for the effects of cell phone use, alcohol consumption, and suicidal propensities on these crashes after adjusting for a whole host of socioeconomic and driving related factors. The analysis is conducted using a new Bayesian technique, which examines the sturdiness of regression coefficients. This new method uses statistics referred to as S-values that addresses both estimation and model ambiguity. Results indicate that the variables we focus on, i.e., cell phones, alcohol consumption, and helmet laws affect motorcycle fatalities. Further, universal helmet laws appear to have a larger effect on such fatalities than partial helmet laws.","PeriodicalId":405535,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Transportation Research Forum","volume":"96 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130166717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Shippers’ Changing Priorities in Port Selection Decision – A Survey Analysis Using Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) 托运人在港口选择决策中的优先级变化——基于层次分析法的调查分析

Journal of the Transportation Research Forum Pub Date : 2016-09-01 DOI: 10.5399/OSU/JTRF.55.3.4400

N. Mittal, D. Mcclung

引用次数: 12

Adoption of Natural Gas Vehicles – Estimates for the U.S. and the State of Texas 天然气车辆的采用-对美国和德克萨斯州的估计

Journal of the Transportation Research Forum Pub Date : 2016-06-01 DOI: 10.5399/OSU/JTRF.55.2.4346

Chen Xu, Liang-Chieh Cheng

引用次数: 1

Impacts of Highway Infrastructure Investment Under the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act 根据美国复苏和再投资法案，公路基础设施投资的影响

Journal of the Transportation Research Forum Pub Date : 2016-06-01 DOI: 10.5399/OSU/JTRF.55.2.4355

Seong‐Hoon Cho, Daegoon Lee, D. Lambert, R. Roberts

引用次数: 0