{"title":"Street Vending in Zimbabwe: An Urban Scourge or Viable Enterprise","authors":"Evelyn Madziba","doi":"10.56578/jcgirm040104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56578/jcgirm040104","url":null,"abstract":"This paper investigated the efficacy of street vending as a means for achieving economic sustenance by those engaged in the business with special interest to those operating in the central business district of Harare. A sample of 225 street vendors was decided on and questionnaires were used to gather data. The questionnaires had a response rate of 89.7%. The paper also adopted the descriptive research design. The study found that most of the street vendors understudy are earning less than $2 per day which is very low. Moreover, the majority cannot afford decent homes and are renting or still living with their parents and relatives. The study also found that street vending could be a means for achieving economic sustenance by those engaged in the business if proper support structures are put in place by the government.","PeriodicalId":404632,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Corporate Governance, Insurance, and Risk Management","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115029471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Efficacy of Sustainability of Entrepreneurs on Long Term Commitments and Tradition : A Case of India","authors":"Gajendra Singh, S. U. Chernikov, Shailender Singh","doi":"10.56578/jcgirm040105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56578/jcgirm040105","url":null,"abstract":"Long-term orientation is the tendency to prioritize the long-range implications and impact of decisions and actions that come to fruition after an extended time period. This paper examines the sustainability of entrepreneurs based on long term commitments and respect for tradition. The specific influence of long term commitments and respect for tradition predictors on demographic outcome variables like Age, Gender, Internal Motivation, External motivation, Academic experience and technical experience has been attempted to develop an instrument to measure Hofstede’s cultural dimensions to evaluate its impact on entrepreneur development.","PeriodicalId":404632,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Corporate Governance, Insurance, and Risk Management","volume":"58 1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123160557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Perceived Usefulness (PU) and Perceived Ease Of Use (PEOU) as Key Drivers of Mobile Banking Adoption. A Case of Zimbabwe","authors":"Linda C. Gumbo, Douglas Halimani, Misheck Diza","doi":"10.56578/jcgirm040106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56578/jcgirm040106","url":null,"abstract":"The traditional brick and mortar buildings labeled “Banks” are fast becoming a historical notion being replaced by electronic, paperless and virtual money. Globalisation has ushered a new era resulting in availability of mobile phones to the larger populace of the world despite physical location. Mobile networking has created a platform that has seen acquisition of mobile phones which in turn has accorded billions of people Self Service Technologies (SST). These services know no boundaries. This paper seeks to explore two determinant variables of the Technological Acceptance Model (TAM) which have become major variables in the implementation of mobile banking projects. Perceived Usefulness (PU) and Perceived Ease of Use (PEOU) are arguably the cornerstones if mobile banking is to be successfully implemented, and hence adopted, in these financial services sector advancements. This Paper seeks to hypothetically explore the argument that PU and PEOU have the greatest impact on the implementation of mobile banking projects when considered in relation to other factors. The case of the mobile banking situation in Zimbabwe will be explored.","PeriodicalId":404632,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Corporate Governance, Insurance, and Risk Management","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130098793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
P. J. Baldacchino, Lindsay Marie Farrugia, S. Grima
{"title":"The Applicability of the Social Enterprise in a Small State: The Case of Malta**","authors":"P. J. Baldacchino, Lindsay Marie Farrugia, S. Grima","doi":"10.56578/jcgirm040101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56578/jcgirm040101","url":null,"abstract":"The main objective of this study is to assess the social, financial and corporate governance (CG) implications of the proposed social enterprise (SE) legislation in Malta. In light of such implications, the study also assesses the applicability of the SE under such legislation. A mixed methodology was adopted. Fifteen interviews were held with experts. Such data was supplemented by 52 valid responses to a questionnaire sent both to co-operatives and voluntary organisations (VOs) in Malta. The study concludes that the proposed legislation has various positive social, financial and CG implications and that the SE, as being proposed, is applicable and filling a void within the Maltese environment. Although such legislation offers both a new legal form and a label, its reference to the Companies Act which ignores SEs’ unique social dimension is questionable. Alternatively, a holistic SE regulatory framework may be developed. Furthermore, statutory thresholds, such as for dividend distribution and trade income, are to be possibly rendered more flexible. This study aspires to raise awareness about the implications of a proposed regulatory framework in Malta, hence hopefully promoting the application of the concept.","PeriodicalId":404632,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Corporate Governance, Insurance, and Risk Management","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131181045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Declining Supply and Rising Demand for Labor – the Consequences in RS","authors":"Stevo Pucar","doi":"10.56578/jcgirm040102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56578/jcgirm040102","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this research is to provide projections of the labor market in the Republic of Serbska, as a part of Bosnia and Herzegovina (RS) in the period 2017 - 2021, based on an analytical approach and precise indicators. The basic methodology in creating projections on the labor market in the Republic of Serbska (RS) is statistical extrapolation of trends in demand and supply of labor at the level of the RS. Data for this study were standard reports of statistical institutions (Statistical Yearbook, Labor Force Survey, etc.), as well as special reports generated for the specific needs of this research. The results show that in the next 6 years, the number of working-age population will shrink by a further 59,000 people with 867,000 to 808,000. Out of the total working-age population, ie the active population. labor force (the sum of employed and unemployed) is will not change greatly, while the level of the inactive population, ie. working-age population not seeking employment will drop significantly. On the other hand, our projections show that, even in terms of the decline in the working-age population, the demand for labor will continue to grow. Also, according to projections, the number of unemployed ie. the excess of supply over demand of the labor force will decrease in the period 2017-2021. All this will not be without impact on wage levels. Total average gross wages will rise by 2021, but wage growth in the manufacturing industry will be much more pronounced. Therefore, it is essential to increase productivity and added value of companies because it is the only way to compensate for this increase in wages.","PeriodicalId":404632,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Corporate Governance, Insurance, and Risk Management","volume":"121 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122226184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Rise And Fall Of Ulips In Indian Life Insurance Market","authors":"K. Vidyavathi","doi":"10.56578/jcgirm040103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56578/jcgirm040103","url":null,"abstract":"Reforms in the insurance sector were introduced much later in fact almost a decade later with the enactment of the Insurance Regulatory and Development Authority Act 1999, which facilitated the liberalization and opening of the insurance sector. There were two options before the Government of India to privatize insurance sector viz. (a) selling of two public sector insurance companies (LIC and GIC) to private and (b) allowing private sector to enter into insurance market and compete with the LIC and GIC. The Government took the latter route to open the insurance sector in 2000 and LIC and GIC were left untouched. Indian private companies entered the market as joint ventures with some of world’s largest insurance companies. Coexistence of private and public companies heightened competition and Indian insurance sector witnessed several significant changes such as a large number of new innovative products, improved distribution channels and the introduction of world class regulatory and supervisory standards. The most significant product innovation in the life insurance segment is the introduction of unit linked products (ULIPs). Unit linked plans offer long term investment option plus life coverage. In fact ULIPs are combination of both investment and insurance.In this research paper an attempt is made (a) to examine the rise and fall of ULIPs across the private insurers and LIC in the Indian insurance market by analyzing the distribution of first year premium during 2003-14 . The materials in the form of data and information are gathered from the Annual Reports of IRDA and Reports of Economic Survey of India of various years. The data and information collected were processed presented and analyzed using SPSS version 20. Mann Whitney Test Z value (equivalent to Wilcoxon’s rank sum z test) is also used in addition to the calculation of growth rate and percentage contribution of ULIPs to the total premium.","PeriodicalId":404632,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Corporate Governance, Insurance, and Risk Management","volume":"61 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116524680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Causality Relationship Between Public Investment and Private Investment: the Case of Indonesia","authors":"Prima Rosita Arini S, Baldric Siregar","doi":"10.56578/jcgirm030308","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56578/jcgirm030308","url":null,"abstract":"Public investment in APBN annually budgeted as capital expenditure. However, public investment not only in the form of physical capital but also in the non-physical forms of human resources that can be looked at education expenditure and health expenditure that called as human capital. The purpose of this study is to provide empirical evidence about causality that occurred between public expenditure and private sector investment in Indonesia with 33 provinces over the study period 2010-2013. The statistical tool used in this study is the Three-stage Least Squares from E- Views. Results of this study indicate that there are causal relationship between public investment in infrastructure and private investment and between public investment in infrastructure and public investment in human resources. However, no causal relationship occurs between the public investment in human resources and private investment. As a control variable, GDP has positive and significance effect on private investment.","PeriodicalId":404632,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Corporate Governance, Insurance, and Risk Management","volume":"89 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125996398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"An Output Driven Sync of Visual Merchandising and Impulse Buying Behavior – An Organized Retail Case from Bhubaneswar","authors":"D. Swain","doi":"10.56578/jcgirm030302","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56578/jcgirm030302","url":null,"abstract":"Apparel industry in India is booming and there is fierce competition among various players in apparel segment in terms of lifestyle format. The present study is aimed at finding out the impact of various dimensions of visual merchandising vis-a-vis impulse buying behavior of the customers visiting “Shopping Malls”. Four dimensions of visual merchandising i.e. window display, in-store form/ mannequin display, floor merchandising and promotional signage are researched to find its impact on IBB. The results reveal that certain dimensions of visual merchandising do affect impulse purchase. Hence, visual merchandising is important for strategic marketing decisions to increase both the sales and the communication effect of the stores.","PeriodicalId":404632,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Corporate Governance, Insurance, and Risk Management","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123112289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Family, Governmental, Domestic Corporations and Board of Directors and Audit Committee Effectiveness in GCC**","authors":"F. Alroqy, Khaled Salmen Aljaaid","doi":"10.56578/jcgirm030307","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56578/jcgirm030307","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims at investigating the association between ownership structure (government ownership, family ownership and domestic corporate ownership) and the interaction of board of directors effectiveness and audit committee effectiveness by GCC listed companies. The study utilizes a cross-sectional analysis of 492 firm-year observations during the 2006- 2010 period. A pooled OLS regression analysis is used to estimate the associations proposed in the hypotheses. The study finds that government and domestic corporate ownerships are positively related to the effectiveness of board of directors and audit committee. However, such association could not be reported by the family ownership. The results of this study suggest that government-owned and domestic corporate-owned companies are characterized to have good corporate governance practices in terms of board of directors and audit committee as internal control and monitoring mechanisms. Further, the results of this study contribute to the existing theory and empirical evidence of how the effectiveness of board of directors and audit committee is related to monitoring and controlling ownership type. This study offers policy-makers additional evidence to be used for setting up and/or enacting regulations in GCC.","PeriodicalId":404632,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Corporate Governance, Insurance, and Risk Management","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130149235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Analysis of the Relationship Between Costs and Firm Growth Using the Example of the Unicredit Group S.P.A.","authors":"Martina Sopta, Marija Prša","doi":"10.56578/jcgirm030306","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56578/jcgirm030306","url":null,"abstract":"A firm is defined as a form of organisation which performs commercial activities in order to generate income to settle costs and generate profit and in such manner as to accomplish certain objectives. Every firm has different objectives which refer to operating business activites and strategic planning, depending on industry, firm size, environment and other conditions. The subject-matter of this paper is cost behaviour depending on firm size and the way enterprises manage costs in order to optimise their performance. The example of the Unicredit Group will be used to display the analysis of firm growth and cost trend which follows this growth. The objective of this paper is to display to which extend the Unicredit Group, as a firm, managed costs successfully and whether their growth followed their cost trend according to current economic rules. For this purpose, there will be used scientific methods.","PeriodicalId":404632,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Corporate Governance, Insurance, and Risk Management","volume":"55 9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122468604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}