Journal of Corporate Governance, Insurance, and Risk Management最新文献

{"title":"Omar Faik Nemanzadeh Education Problem and Professional Competency of a Teacher","authors":"Kubra Guliyeva","doi":"10.56578/jcgirm090208","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56578/jcgirm090208","url":null,"abstract":"The article reflects the views of O.F. Nemanzadeh on the problem of education, on teacher’s profession the effective organization of the learning process. The great writer's attitude to enlightenment and education was brought to the fore. It was noted that O.F. Nemanzadeh worked as a teacher in many places, enlightening children and youth by teaching of secular knowledge. He opened schools in Sheki and Shamakhi, where he taught pedagogical skills and was engaged in school management. The article also noted that the school opened by Seyid Azim Shirvani in Shamakhi became the first school of new style. Therefore, the school that O.F. Nemanzade opened is considered the first new school that advanced according to its own methods and rules. The article also talks about the teaching activity of the great educator, intellectual O.F. Nemanzade in Shamakhi. Both in the schools he opened and, in the articles, he wrote O.F. Nemanzadeh showed that knowledge should be given to children not only during classes, but also at home. He spoke about the considerable usefulness of lessons for children, about their role in the development of knowledge and skills. There are significant differences between children studying at school and those studying at madrassas (religious school), since schoolchildren constantly exchange questions with those who study at madrassas. O.F. Nemanzade went to Ganja for treatment and couldn’t keep himself away of informing the reader about the current situation there. He talked about the fact that the situation in Ganja has been divided into two parts - the old and modern period. The article also draws attention to O.F. Nemanzadeh’s views on the teacher, how to be a real, professional teacher, and the role of the teacher in the development of human society. The great writer brought to the fore the problem of education in Sheki, Ganja, Baku and its difficulties, and the attitude to the field of education was elaborated in biographical sequence.","PeriodicalId":404632,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Corporate Governance, Insurance, and Risk Management","volume":"81 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126225469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Which Index is More Affected by CDS Premium and VIX Index: BIST-30 or Participation-30?","authors":"Javidan Bayramli, Veysel Kula, Letife Özdemir","doi":"10.56578/jcgirm090206","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56578/jcgirm090206","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: This study aims at determining the existence and, if any, the extent of comparative effects of the CDS premium and the VIX index on the BIST-30 and the Participation-30 indices before and during the pandemic. Methodology: The study explores the relationships of the CDS premium and VIX index to the BIST-30 index and the Participation-30 index for two time periods, as pre-pandemic and pandemic. The date range is set as 02.01.2018-10.03.2020 for the pre-pandemic period and as 11.03.2020-31.12.2021 for the pandemic period. Following the Johansen cointegration and ARDL tests employed to detect the long run relationships between the variables, FMOLS regression tests were used to determine the effect sizes. Results: As a result of the cointegration tests, long-term cointegration relationships of both the BIST-30 and the Participation-30 indices with the variables of the CDS premiums and the VIX index were determined before and during the pandemic period. FMOLS regression results posited that the VIX index had greater effect on the Participation 30 index in both periods. Originality and Practical Implications: The fact that the literature review does not reveal the existence of any study providing the comparative effects of the CDS premiums and the VIX index on both the BIST-30 and Participation-30 indices contributes to the originality of this paper.","PeriodicalId":404632,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Corporate Governance, Insurance, and Risk Management","volume":"241 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129113240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cyber Attack Against E-Albania and Its Social, Economic and Strategic Effects","authors":"Aleksander Biberaj, Enida Sheme, Alban Rakipi, Sonila Xhaferllari, R. Kushe, Mirjeta Alinci","doi":"10.56578/jcgirm090204","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56578/jcgirm090204","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: During last years, even because of pandemic situation caused by covid-19 virus, in Albania most of governmental public services for citizens, businesses and other customers were offered in an electronic way by creating a national database (e-Albania), offering more than 2200 services. As this electronic system was newly implemented, time after time it was attacked from hackers in different sectors of services, causing the interruption of service for hours, downloading all the confidential information and publishing them. After several partial attacks, in July 2022 came the general attack of the whole system, which black out the system and services for several days. Cyber actors - identifying as “HomeLand Justice” - launched a destructive cyber-attack against e-Albania which rendered websites and services unavailable. An investigation indicates cyber actors acquired initial access to the victim’s network approximately 14 months before launching the destructive cyber-attack, which included a ransomware-style file encryptor and disk wiping malware. The actors maintained continuous network access for approximately a year, periodically accessing and exfiltrating e-mail content. From late July to mid-August 2022, social media accounts associated with HomeLand Justice demonstrated a repeated pattern of advertising Albanian Government information for release, posting a poll asking respondents to select the government information to be released by HomeLand Justice, and then releasing that information - either in a .zip file or a video of a screen recording with the documents shown. This cyber-attack creates social problems, economical loss and influenced negatively in the reputation of e-Albania and damage as well strategically the country and development of this sector in the future. Methodology: We have monitored the system and the attack, and we continue to do this. We analyze and synthesis the data collected, to come to conclusions and recommendations needed for the future. All the data which we have used are open for public, and mostly are primary data. The research method combines both quantitative and qualitative methods, but it is closer with qualitative method, as far as there in not enough data for using e pure quantitative analysis. We have used mostly the descriptive method. Results/Findings: Improving essentially the cyber infrastructure to avoid in the future such attacks with high social, economic and strategical cost. Conclusions: In the institution there was not a team for Cyber Security Monitoring the system, so called SOC (Security Operation Center), who controls in the real time all the logins. It was missing as well so called “Identifying Behavior”. There was not e separation of active directory, in physic machines and virtual machines, they were altogether. As the administrator had Full Right Privilege, the hacker doesn’t need to create a Privilege Escalation Vertical, so he easily took all the right of Admin. Originality an","PeriodicalId":404632,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Corporate Governance, Insurance, and Risk Management","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114677070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Nexus Between Urbanization, Renewable Energy, Financial Development, and Economic Growth: Evidence from Turkey","authors":"N. S. Vurur","doi":"10.56578/jcgirm090202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56578/jcgirm090202","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to analyze the relationship between renewable energy production and financial development, urbanization, and economic growth in the 1980-2020 period of the Turkish economy, which draws attention to its high growth rate. Methodology: To determine the relationship between financial development, economic growth, urbanization, and renewable Energy, ARDL cointegration analysis, cointegration regression models, and Toda Yamamoto causality analysis will be applied using 1980-2020 period data. Results/Findings: The ARDL boundary test shows a long-run relationship between financial development, economic growth, urbanization, and energy consumption under structural breaks. According to the cointegration regression model results, renewable energy production is determined by financial development and per capita GDP. Toda Yamamoto causality analysis shows the existence of causality running from financial development, per capita GDP, and urbanization variables to renewable energy production. The results reveal that in determining Turkey long-term energy demand projections and strategies of Turkey's, it is necessary to consider both the impact of financial development and economic growth and the supply of energy needs with sustainable resources by minimizing foreign dependency. Originality and Practical Implications: According to the government's estimates, electricity consumption is expected to reach 370 TWh in 2025 and 591 TWh in 2040. These developments reveal the importance of energy consumption in the Turkish economy and make it necessary to investigate the factors affecting energy production.","PeriodicalId":404632,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Corporate Governance, Insurance, and Risk Management","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117151740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Does Profitability Cause the Changes in Stock Prices? Evidence from the Turkish Banking Stocks","authors":"H. E. Kaplan, Ş. Babuşcu, Adalet Hazar","doi":"10.56578/jcgirm090205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56578/jcgirm090205","url":null,"abstract":"Stock prices reflect the future for investors. Profit and profitability ratios are considered as the data of the enterprises’ past. Accordingly, whether investors make investments decisions regarding profit and profitability factors and they cause the changes in stock prices are crucial issues to be examined. The aim of the study is to investigate the causality between several profitability factors and the change in the prices of banking stocks by performing the Emirmahmutoğlu & Köse (2011) bootstrap causality test on the quarterly data obtained from six commercial banks in Turkey over the period 2010: Q1 – 2020: Q4. The findings of the study reveal that especially the earnings per share figures account for the changes in the stock price of the banks. Nonetheless, such a causal relationship can be detected for neither return on assets nor return on equity.","PeriodicalId":404632,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Corporate Governance, Insurance, and Risk Management","volume":"34 3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132475514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Formation and Development of Education in Nakhchivan (End of the XIX Century Before the Early XX Century)","authors":"Taleh Khalilov","doi":"10.56578/jcgirm090207","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56578/jcgirm090207","url":null,"abstract":"The article discusses the development of school and pedagogical thought in Nakhchivan before and during autonomy. It has been established that, in Nakhchivan, which is an integral part of Azerbaijan, they always pay special attention to education and also take care of it. Studies show that before gaining autonomy in Nakhchivan, new types of urban and emergency educational institutions were created. It should be noted that, the enlightenment movements, science and education, the highest peak of the early twentieth century. During this period, an extensive network of the Nakhchivan education system was created and our people were involved in education. As a result, all the enlightenment captured in this period in Nakhchivan rose to the very high level achieved great success in science and education. Teachers in the social and economic recovery of the country of Nakhchivan stubborn struggle against the old educational system for the reconstruction of old schools. It is still not effective. The old form of training and education in the synopsis took the first steps towards a new one. Progressive changes in education in the development of Nakhichevan enlightening ideas and gave an impetus to the formation of a local educated class. At that time, the achievements of education and culture made basis for future success.","PeriodicalId":404632,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Corporate Governance, Insurance, and Risk Management","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128579460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Estimating Financial Failure in Businesses Using Artificial Neural Networks: Turkish Manufacturing Industry Model Study","authors":"Lokman Kantar, Ayşegül Ertuğrul Ayrancı","doi":"10.56578/jcgirm090203","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56578/jcgirm090203","url":null,"abstract":"Businesses need to be financially successful to achieve sustainable growth and maximise firm value. The financial failure of businesses is a situation that is carefully monitored by business managers, shareholders of the business, financial institutions that lend to the business, and the government. For this reason, in this study, the financial failure of 153 manufacturing companies operating in Turkey and traded on Borsa Istanbul has been tried to be estimated. In the research, the annual financial statements between the years 2009-2021 were used and artificial neural networks were preferred as the estimation method. Altman's Z score was used to define financial failure. In the artificial neural network model, 13 financial ratios were used as input variables. As the output variable, the firms that were below the value of 1.81 calculated as the Z score by Altman were considered unsuccessful, and the unsuccessful firms were assigned a value of 1 and the others a value of 0. This dummy variable consisting of 0 and 1 values is accepted as the output variable. According to the findings of the study, 1427 of 1631 observations that were initially considered to be financial failures were correctly estimated and a very high success rate of 87.49% was achieved. The findings will provide an important advantage to businesses and all stakeholders in terms of determining the causes of financial failure in advance.","PeriodicalId":404632,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Corporate Governance, Insurance, and Risk Management","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125921074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Institutional Distance: Construct of Isomorphism Relevant to Multinational Companies","authors":"Ana Krajnović","doi":"10.56578/jcgirm070102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56578/jcgirm070102","url":null,"abstract":"The institutional environment in which multinational companies act is unique and complex. It is unique in the sense that the subsidiaries of multinational companies are facing dual pressures from both the host country and the country of the parent company. Further, the complexity of the environment presumes the need for global integration and the need for the local adaptation. Although some countries are characterized by a more favorable institutional environment for establishing and expanding business, in other countries the institutional environment is a challenge for multinational companies. In this paper, the author will present the current theoretical knowledge and references in already conducted research regarding the institutional distance in the context of multinational companies and its subsidiaries.","PeriodicalId":404632,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Corporate Governance, Insurance, and Risk Management","volume":"61 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123168190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors Affecting the Perception of Bancassurance: The Case of Malta","authors":"Kelly Agius, S. Grima, A. Farrugia","doi":"10.56578/jcgirm060205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56578/jcgirm060205","url":null,"abstract":"Our aim with this study is to delve into the perception of Maltese nationals on bancassurance to establish the drivers which are influencing the purchase of bancassurance and whether these factors can be used by banks to positively impact Maltese nationals’ perception of bancassurance and hence increase their sales and revenues. In order to establish the perception of Maltese nationals on bancassurance, we applied three areas of Customer Perception Theory namely 1) self-perception 2) price perception and 3) benefit/risk perception. To establish the perception of Maltese nationals on bancassurance, the whole population of Maltese nationals was taken into consideration from which a sample of 384 people was taken. In order to carry out the survey, the authors used questionnaires which included a number of demographic questions. The authors also included a number of statements which were divided into the three sections of the Customer Perception Theory. For these statements, the authors used a five point Likert scale ranging from strongly disagree to strongly agree where the participants had to rate the statements according to their level of agreement. The authors also included a comment box to allow the participants to express themselves. The study revealed that various factors are stopping Maltese nationals from purchasing insurance products from banks. Advertisements are not motivating Maltese nationals to purchase insurance products from banks, however they do trust banks and hence they might decide to purchase insurance products from them. The uncertainty of Maltese nationals on the premium charged and whether the costs are reduced when purchasing insurance products from banks shows the lack of knowledge amongst Maltese nationals on bancassurance. On the other hand, the idea of a ‘one-stop-shop’ motivates Maltese nationals to purchase insurance products from banks. This study can serve as guidance for local banks, which are engaged in bancassurance as well as to those banks who intend to engage in bancassurance in the future. This is because this study highlights the factors, which are stopping Maltese nationals from purchasing insurance products from banks. The two main sectors in the financial services industry, which play an important role in the Maltese economy, are the banking and the insurance sectors (Finance Malta, 2018). As far as the authors are aware, this study of the perception of Maltese nationals on bancassurance is the first of its kind conducted in Malta. Hence, other researchers may use Malta as a case study to act as a model to transpose the findings to larger countries.","PeriodicalId":404632,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Corporate Governance, Insurance, and Risk Management","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130672276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Leading Factors of Sustainable Rural Tourism Development: Case of Georgia","authors":"M. Diakonidze","doi":"10.56578/jcgirm060104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56578/jcgirm060104","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: This study is aimed to identify the leading factors for the tourism industry sustainable development in a less developed country. Design/Methodology/Approach: Sustainable development can be defined as a process of economic and social changes as well as an agreed and coordinated process of natural resource exploitation, direction of investment, scientific and technological development, personal development and institutional change enhance the present and future potential of human needs. In this paper, we have tried to show the factors contributing to the development of the tourism industry. These recommendations make it possible to promote the sustainable development and rapid resuscitation of the tourism industry. In many ways it is about ensuring the quality of life of people. The design of the article includes theoretical explanations regarding sustainable development with emphasis in the tourism industry. Findings: There are proposed more effective policies promoting the industry in addition to specific projects improving the infrastructure and the social feelings about tourism Practical Implications: It was defined a set of measures that can have a positive impact, able to influence the industry in a positive way regarding its direct and indirect effects in the state, regional and local economies of tourism destinations. Originality/Value: This is an important contribution describing and identifying issues related to the Georgian tourism sector. It is a valuable piece of information for policy-makers to adopt the studies proposals for the further sustainable development of the industry.","PeriodicalId":404632,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Corporate Governance, Insurance, and Risk Management","volume":"64 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130233973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}