African Journal of Environment and Natural Science Research最新文献

{"title":"Nigeria Housing Scenarios: Lessons to Learn from Wales as an Alternative Approach","authors":"Kyari M.H., Bashir U.M., Musa H.","doi":"10.52589/ajensr-ibidyefd","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52589/ajensr-ibidyefd","url":null,"abstract":"Over 40% of Nigerians, out of the country's present population of over 20 million, would reside in urban areas by 2030, according to United Nations demographic experts. Given that 20% of urban residents already live in substandard circumstances and that there is a housing shortfall of over 17 million units in what has grown to be one of the world's greatest low-income housing markets, this is a cause for concern. Many people around the world lack access to decent housing, but the problem seems to be most acute in developing nations like Nigeria. Additionally, there are not many residences available to the growing number of workers in both the formal and informal sectors, particularly in urban areas. In spite of the fact that the effective demand from the vast majority of the population has not changed appreciably, the report notes that housing demand in Nigeria, particularly in urban areas, has continued to climb dramatically. This study finds that all the factors influencing housing supply have reduced the quality of housing in the nation. The results showed a number of concerns with housing shortages based on the pattern mentioned in the literature. It looks at the methods employed to provide housing in Wales, in the United Kingdom (UK), and the strategies used to achieve this, and makes links to the situation in Nigeria in order to strengthen the country's housing institutions, restructure the systems, and create a more robust housing sector so that a balance between urban and rural housing units may be achieved.","PeriodicalId":404388,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Environment and Natural Science Research","volume":"336 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132579523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Assessment of the Spatial Distribution of Infrastructural Facilities in the Northern Senatorial District of Taraba State, Nigeria","authors":"A. I., Bwadi E.B., A. M.","doi":"10.52589/ajensr-qf9qa6ks","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52589/ajensr-qf9qa6ks","url":null,"abstract":"The distribution and location of infrastructural facilities are important indicators of government involvement and democratic accountability dividends throughout developing rural areas. This study assessed the spatial distribution of infrastructural facilities in the Northern Senatorial District of Taraba State. Utilising the Growth Pole theory and the exploratory research design, the study adopted the quantitative and qualitative methods comprising of questionnaire administration, interviews, and observations and the handheld GPS device to get coordinates for ArcGIS spatial analysis to carry out the study in three local government areas (Ardo Kola, Lau, and Zing LGAs) purposefully selected from the district. The Krejcie and Morgan determining sample size statistics were used to generate a study sample of 384 from a projected population of 415,100 in the three local government areas. The study found that even though the infrastructural facilities have yielded positive development in the areas, they are located based on government projected interests. It concludes that infrastructural facilities should be dispersed fairly to benefit the general public, particularly in areas in desperate need. It is also suggested that the government should support host communities' efforts to maintain public facilities.","PeriodicalId":404388,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Environment and Natural Science Research","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126506862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physico-Chemical and Metal Composition of Some Sachet and Borehole Water in Imota Community Area of Lagos State, Nigeria","authors":"Adeyemi M.M., Olayemi I.O., Olemoh A.O., A. F","doi":"10.52589/ajensr-8ckpiwpw","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52589/ajensr-8ckpiwpw","url":null,"abstract":"The accessibility of quality water is an essential factor for preventing diseases and improving good quality of life. The physico-chemical parameters of sachet and borehole water in some selected locations of Imota Community of Lagos State was studied. Physico-chemical parameters such as colour, temperature, pH, salinity, electrical conductivity (EC), total dissolved solids (TDS) and heavy metals such as copper, magnesium, manganese and cadmium were determined following standard methods. All water samples were colourlesss with a temperature range of 27.1oC to 29oC at the point of collection. The physico-chemical properties ranges were: salinity (0.01–3.8), pH (2.10–7.52), electrical conductivity (1.5–200 μS/cm), micro voltage (22.7–184) and total dissolved solids (19.8–576 mg/L). Caleb University Ventures water was the only sample with a neutral pH of 7.52. The concentrations of metals in the selected water samples were within the permissible limit of USEPA (2022) and WHO (2017) guidelines. The study showed that physical water quality parameters such as pH, salinity, EC and TDS have variations at different locations, which suggests that different soil types, storage systems and environmental activities could interfere with the physico-chemical parameters. The water samples from Imota Community had low level of pollutants as indicated by the physico-chemical properties of the water. However, standard methods of water treatment should be maintained by the community to ensure the purity of water available for domestic use, so that problems commonly associated with impure and unclean water can be averted.","PeriodicalId":404388,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Environment and Natural Science Research","volume":"56 5","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"113954048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Palynology, Paleoenvironment and Stratigraphy Relationship of Tungan Buzu Hill with Adjacent Valley Gwandu Formation, Sokoto Basin, Northwestern Nigeria","authors":"Ola-Buraimo A.O., Oladimeji R.G., Faruk A.K.","doi":"10.52589/ajensr-snp4ujwp","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52589/ajensr-snp4ujwp","url":null,"abstract":"Palynological study of Tungu Buzum Hill was investigated with a view towards determining the age of the outcrop, compare its miospore content with the adjacent Tungu Buzu Valley of carbonaceous shale, their stratigraphic relationship and paleoenvironment of deposition of the litho-sequence. Field study involved litho-description and logging achieved by noting the rock type, mineralogical composition, bed thickness, texture, sorting, roundness, structure, fossil content and diagenetic effect. Palynological slide preparation involved decarbonisation, digestion, sieving, maceral separation using zinc bromide, mounting on slide and petrographic analysis. The litho-sequence is composed sequentially upward of claystone, siltstone, indurated silty claystone, mudstone and ferruginized ironstone characterized by loadcast, fracture, lithification and bioturbation. Palynologically, the litho-section exhibits few marker forms such as Belskipollis elegans, Peregrinipollis nigericus and Retibrevitricolporites obodoensis depictive of early Miocene age. The paleoenvironment was deduced based on the occurrence of peridinacean forms such as Andalusiella sp., Senegalinium sp., Lejeuncysta diversiforma and Paleocystodinium golzowense indicative of marginal marine, while deeper marginal marine forms of gonyaulacacean phytoplanktons present are Micrhystridium sp., Canningia capillata and Dinogymnium sp. There are similarities in palynomorph assemblages of this study and Tunga Buzu Valley section in terms of age and similarity to Gwandu Formation though varied in paleoenvironment in the valley litho-section, marked by continental to marginal marine settings. Field relationship suggests that the Tunga Buzu Hill is stratigraphically overlying the Tunga Buzu Valley, separated by a fault. The Tunga Buzu Hill section represents the footwall while the Tunga Buzu Valley is situated within the hanging wall of a normal fault structure.","PeriodicalId":404388,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Environment and Natural Science Research","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122554372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Environmental Challenges Awareness in Nigeria: A Review","authors":"Onuoha C.A., Ngobiri N.C., Ochekwu E.B., O. P.","doi":"10.52589/ajensr-sairdc4k","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52589/ajensr-sairdc4k","url":null,"abstract":"The environment encompasses all aspects of nature, both living and nonliving. The environment has an impact on the quality of life of plants and animals. Every living organism requires clean air, water, shelter, better living conditions, and a more ideal habitat because these factors influence one's quality of life. It is advantageous to have a safe and quality environment. Anthropogenic and natural activities have deteriorated the environment, resulting in climate change, pollution, and health issues worldwide. This review paper explored environmental issues experienced globally and in Nigeria through reviewing different works of literature. Findings show that man's activities on the environment include urbanization, deforestation, improper waste disposal, unregulated agricultural practices, among others, which have resulted in desertification, pollution, ocean acidification, health issues, global warming, and ecosystem instability. Environmental issues have a cyclical and spiral effect. One environmental problem can exacerbate another, hence the need for humans to be aware of the environmental issues. Man has a greater role to play in tackling environmental issues.","PeriodicalId":404388,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Environment and Natural Science Research","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131077158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determination of the Physicochemical Properties and Some Heavy Metals in Soils Around Selected Automobile Workshops in Minna, Nigeria","authors":"Nwakife C.N., Esther U., M. M., A. A, Morah E.J., I. A","doi":"10.52589/ajensr-8ohfoz9u","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52589/ajensr-8ohfoz9u","url":null,"abstract":"Automobile workshops generate wastes containing hazardous chemicals. Heavy metals present in these workshops are the major pollutants capable of seeping into the soil and further spreading to other nearby environments during floods. Three different sampling points (A, B and C) were mapped out at a distance of 20 meters apart around each automobile workshop: Railway station (RW), Sabon gari (SBG) and Mypa school (MY). The soil samples were pretreated and digested with HNO3 and HClO4 (3:1). The heavy metals (Zn, Mn, Pb, Cd and Cu) concentrations were determined using the multiple plasma atomic emission spectrophotometer (MP AES). The physicochemical properties (pH, electrical conductivity, organic carbon (OC), organic matter (OM), exchangeable cations, soil texture, cation exchange capacity (CEC), total exchangeable bases (TEB) and percentage clay, silt and sand) were determined using standard methods of analysis. The concentrations of Pb at points A, B and C of MY (2.10±0.01, 9.50±0.05 and 2.90±0.03 mg/kg) were lower than 35.10±0.20, 37.20±0.21 and 46.50±0.54 mg/kg at RW and 25.80±0.29, 64.80±0.75 and 75.60±0.87 mg/kg at SBG. Zinc concentration was in the order MY < RW < SBG. Cadmium concentrations were 3.20±0.20, 3.70±0.02 and 3.40±0.02 mg/kg at points A, B and C in RW, 3.90±0.02, 2.80±0.05 and 3.50±0.02 mg/kg in MY soil. The high concentration of cadmium in soils at RW and MY are indications of considerable contamination and the soils at MY and RW are not suitable for planting crops but require remediation action.","PeriodicalId":404388,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Environment and Natural Science Research","volume":"62 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130542615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microenvironmental Analysis of Housing Development and Biophysical Environment in Enugu Urban","authors":"Obiefule Peace Akudo","doi":"10.52589/ajensr-w7qwifdd","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52589/ajensr-w7qwifdd","url":null,"abstract":"This research carried out an empirical analysis of housing development and microenvironment biophysical elements in Enugu Urban. An experimental and Survey Research design was adopted. The questionnaire was used to represent the survey research method while the area of the practical experiment was used by the researcher to represent the experimental research method. The population of this study comprises of the various housing developments in the three Local Governments Area that make up Enugu Urban – which is Enugu East, Enugu South, and Enugu North. These locations are geo-referenced given that these three local-government areas give the study a wider and more balanced coverage. Taro Yamane’s Statistical formula was applied to determine the sample size for the study which gave n (the desired Sample Size) as 380, which was rounded off to the nearest Hundredth, making n the desired sample size = 400. The major findings of the study were that on average, housing development contributes negatively and significantly to water quality in Enugu urban (p = .003< 0.05). The experimental results revealed the physic-chemical and elemental characteristics of the water sample for the selected respective estates. Secondly, it was also discovered that on average, housing development contributes significantly to soil quality deterioration in Enugu urban (p = .007 < 0.05). The experimental dimension revealed that total organic carbon, ph, organic matter, and fixed carbon yielded average values that confirmed that housing development adversely affects soil quality in Enugu Urban for the period under analysis. It is therefore the recommendation of this study that Wastes that are pushed into waters could be turned into wealth with some research on recycling. Secondly, water pollution is not easy to solve. It is necessary that all hands must be on deck to fight it. This means that aside from controlling housing development, both government and citizen’s cooperation are needed to reduce water pollution to the barest minimum. Since water contamination comes from many different sources and has many numerous effects, every aspect of water pollution needs to be addressed. To sustain and improve soil quality in Enugu state, there is also the need for supported active research into waste minimization strategies, waste avoidance technologies, cleaner production processes, and zero-emission concepts.","PeriodicalId":404388,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Environment and Natural Science Research","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128459585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Geographical Locations of Secondary Schools and Effects on Students’ Distance Travelled from Home to School in Five Urban Local Government Areas of Ibadan Metropolis, Oyo State, Nigeria","authors":"Adewuyi G.K., Sanni T.B.","doi":"10.52589/ajensr-roebiwdq","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52589/ajensr-roebiwdq","url":null,"abstract":"This study presents the spatial location distribution of private and public secondary schools and assesses the effects of distance travelled from home to school in five urban local government areas of Ibadan metropolis, Oyo State, Nigeria. Field survey methods were adopted by obtaining the geographic coordinates of schools using a handheld Global Positioning System (GPS Garmin 78s) and a structured questionnaire consisting of fifteen (15) questions and interviews to assess the effect of distance travelled from home to school from selected private and public secondary schools and from selected students in the study areas. Data were processed using ArcGIS 10.4 (Arcmap 10.4) to show the spatial locations of schools, and IBM SPSS (statistics 20) to assess the effects of distance travelled from home to school on students. The result of geographic locations of schools showed a cluster spatial distribution pattern in the North-eastern part of Ibadan southwest, south-western part of Ibadan Northeast and North-western part of Ibadan Northwest and few schools are located in the south-western part of Ibadan Southeast and Ibadan Southwest local government areas. However, the result also showed that students’ distance travelled had significant effects on students' mental ability, academic participation and academic performance, communication between teachers and students’, students’ insecurity to and from, and stoppage along the travel route. The result of the correlation coefficient showed that there is a positive and negative association between questions and answers from the respondents.","PeriodicalId":404388,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Environment and Natural Science Research","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133411669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison Between, NORM (Naturally Occurring Radioactive Materials) of, Agricultural Soil Sample (tomato field treated with phosphate fertilizer) Relatively Close to an Oil Field, and Wastes Samples (scale and sludge) of the Same Oil Field","authors":"Ezeddine Hamida","doi":"10.52589/ajensr-aruajvew","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52589/ajensr-aruajvew","url":null,"abstract":"This paper is an overview comparison of NORM (Naturally Occurring Radioactive Materials). Soil sample was collected from a tomato field which was treated by phosphate fertilizers, and scale and sludge samples were collected from an oil field. The two fields are relatively close (less than 60 km).","PeriodicalId":404388,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Environment and Natural Science Research","volume":"2007 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128902311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Urbanization and Environmental Unsustainability: An Ecological Footprint Analysis for Nigeria","authors":"Aderinto Esther R.","doi":"10.52589/ajensr-wdvdcduz","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52589/ajensr-wdvdcduz","url":null,"abstract":"The earth’s limited natural resources and assimilation capacity, coupled with increased production and consumption activities of a rapidly growing population, has made the global environment unsustainable. This study therefore analyses the empirical relationship between urbanization and environmental unsustainability in Nigeria by employing the ecological deficit obtained from the ecological footprint as a measure of environmental unsustainability. The study contributes to empirical literature on the subject matter by employing the STIRPAT model as against the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) model employed by most studies for Nigeria. Secondly, the study differs from others that used carbon dioxide emissions (CO2) as a measure of sustainability (unsustainability) of the environment by employing the difference between biocapacity per capita and ecological footprint per capita, otherwise regarded as ecological surplus (deficit), as a measure of environmental sustainability (unsustainability). Time series data spanning from 1981 to 2019 was used and the STIRPAT framework was adopted. Autoregressive Distributed Lag Technique of estimation was employed for the long- and short-run estimates, while the results were validated with the Dynamic Ordinary Least Square Technique (DOLS) as well as the Fully Modified Ordinary Least Square Technique (FMOLS). Short- and long-run results revealed that urbanization significantly has negative effects on environmental unsustainability. However, the working population has a positive effect on environmental unsustainability in the long run. In the short run, per capita income and the working population have positive effects on environmental unsustainability. The study therefore recommends responsible consumption and production activities that will improve environmental quality.","PeriodicalId":404388,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Environment and Natural Science Research","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128425264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}