{"title":"Fitzgerald's \"Winter Dreams\" in Two 1922 Magazines: An Intermedial Nostalgic Reading","authors":"Lara Rodríguez Sieweke","doi":"10.5325/fscotfitzrevi.20.0043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5325/fscotfitzrevi.20.0043","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:This article employs an intermedial approach to explore the interpretative possibilities that arise from the interactions of different media types in two 1922 magazine versions of F. Scott Fitzgerald's \"Winter Dreams.\" Intermediality studies the relationship between media with close consideration of their characteristic possibilities and limitations. The magazine, a media product, combines media types such as narrative texts, illustrations, and advertisements, a combination that creates a reading experience of \"Winter Dreams\" that differs from experiencing it in a collection or anthology. Arthur William Brown provided the illustrations for both publications in question, the New York-based Metropolitan magazine and the Canadian magazine MacLean's. Despite having the same illustrator, the first page of each highlights a different aspect of the story: in MacLean's, the combination of media types teases the reader with a potential love triangle, while in Metropolitan, it anticipates the doomed relationship between Dexter Green and Judy Jones. This article primarily focuses on how these media types engage with the story's nostalgic theme and mood, and on a contextual level, with the nostalgia that characterized the youth-idealizing Jazz Age. Youth is one of nostalgia's primary tropes, with the flapper an emblem of ephemeral beauty. In both versions of \"Winter Dreams,\" the advertisements' emphasis on youth and aging echoes Dexter's distress at discovering Judy's faded looks, and they reflect the collective worship of youth culture in the 1920s.","PeriodicalId":40217,"journal":{"name":"F Scott Fitzgerald Review","volume":"20 1","pages":"43 - 96"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43923206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"\"In Uniform and at Moral Attention\": From F. Scott Fitzgerald to Philip Roth","authors":"James D. Bloom","doi":"10.5325/fscotfitzrevi.20.0206","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5325/fscotfitzrevi.20.0206","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:Although F. Scott Fitzgerald and Philip Roth are not necessarily writers with an obvious thematic or biographical connection, this article argues that both authors were fixated on war and that a central clue to their respective oeuvres is the situation either of the reluctant combatant or the discharged soldier who never sees action on the battlefield—no matter whether the specific theater of combat is the Great War, World War II, or the Korean War. For Fitzgerald, much of the sympathy Nick Carraway feels for Jay Gatsby reflects their mutual experiences on the Western Front. In a similar vein, Sergeant Nathan Marx, the narrator of Roth's most controversial story, \"Defender of the Faith,\" feels an innate regard for Private Sheldon Grossbart, the Jewish scammer and shirker whom Marx tries and fails to turn into a conscientious, patriotic soldier. In other cases, the noncombatant regret Fitzgerald expresses in stories such as \"'I Didn't Get Over'\" (1936) finds something of a parallel in Nathan Zuckerman, Roth's most famous alter ego narrator who appears in nine novels across more than four decades. Surveying a range of Roth texts from his breakthrough 1959 novella \"Goodbye, Columbus\" to his late novel Indignation (2008), this article argues that corollaries in attitudes toward war, especially as it affects the American home front, can be traced within several Fitzgerald fictions.","PeriodicalId":40217,"journal":{"name":"F Scott Fitzgerald Review","volume":"20 1","pages":"206 - 218"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46056621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Sizing Up Zelda Sayre: Covert Strategies of Indictment in Fitzgerald's \"A Full Life\"","authors":"H. Kruse","doi":"10.5325/fscotfitzrevi.20.0178","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5325/fscotfitzrevi.20.0178","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:The name Hasbrouk as used by F. Scott Fitzgerald in his 1937 story \"A Full Life\" obliquely references both the French photographer Hazebroucq and the American reformist editor John Whitbeck Hasbrouck (1821–1906), the former reference pointing to dramatic events in the lives of F. Scott and Zelda Fitzgerald on the French Riviera in 1924, while the latter invokes the parallel lives of Lydia Sayer and Zelda Sayre as emancipated women who threw in their lots with famous husbands. The name proves instrumental in uncovering the covert strategy used by Fitzgerald to assess the role of Zelda Sayre in his personal as well as his professional life, resulting in an all but total indictment of her behavior, which had culminated in an affair with the French naval aviator Edouard Jozan that Fitzgerald fully considered an adulterous one. In the protracted course of its composition, \"A Full Life\" ceased to be an item intended for publication and became a confessional piece instead. Fitzgerald's indictment of his wife thus stands as his candid and honest verdict, although possibly subject to some mitigation in his final years.","PeriodicalId":40217,"journal":{"name":"F Scott Fitzgerald Review","volume":"20 1","pages":"178 - 189"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48020385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"F. Scott Fitzgerald’s The Beautiful and Damned: New Critical Essays","authors":"Ross K. Tangedal","doi":"10.5325/fscotfitzrevi.20.0224","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5325/fscotfitzrevi.20.0224","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":40217,"journal":{"name":"F Scott Fitzgerald Review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43849263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"\"A Night at the Fair\": Popular Culture and the Influence of the Pan-American Exposition on F. Scott Fitzgerald","authors":"T. Fahy","doi":"10.5325/fscotfitzrevi.20.0159","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5325/fscotfitzrevi.20.0159","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:References to world's fairs, state fairs, and amusement parks appear throughout F. Scott Fitzgerald's fiction as part of his examination of American life, but the influence of the Pan-American Exposition in Buffalo, New York, has largely been overlooked. Fitzgerald attended the Exposition in 1901 as a young boy, and he continued to attend state fairs throughout his childhood. He had an uncanny ability to mine popular trends for their cultural insights. He recognized that popular culture often reflected the country's aspirations and desires while communicating its anxieties and fears. In the late 1920s, when he decided to turn to his childhood as inspiration for a new series of stories about youth culture, he chose the setting of a state fair in \"A Night at the Fair\" (published in the 21 July 1928 issue of the Saturday Evening Post) for exploring some of the hierarchies shaping contemporary life. For Fitzgerald, world and state fairs seemed to put every aspect of the nation—from its current practices to its vision for the future—on display in the same time and place. Ultimately, whether through the grandiosity of its architecture and celebration of modern technology or its messages about race and gender, these fairs provided a vehicle for some of Fitzgerald's most searing commentary on American excess and inequality.","PeriodicalId":40217,"journal":{"name":"F Scott Fitzgerald Review","volume":"20 1","pages":"159 - 177"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46820842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Joseph Conrad's Major Fiction and Tender Is the Night: Part Two: Lord Jim, Nostromo, Victory, The Secret Sharer, and What F. Scott Fitzgerald May Have Learned for the Novel's Form and Narration","authors":"C. Messenger","doi":"10.5325/fscotfitzrevi.20.0097","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5325/fscotfitzrevi.20.0097","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:In addition to Heart of Darkness, extensively studied in my 2021 F. Scott Fitzgerald Review essay, \"Joseph Conrad's Major Fiction and Tender Is the Night: Part One: Heart of Darkness and Resentful Caretaking in Tender Is the Night,\" this article extends the consideration of F. Scott Fitzgerald's fascination with Joseph Conrad into more novels that may have influenced his conceptions in Tender Is the Night, including Lord Jim, Nostromo, The Secret Sharer, and Victory. The focus is again on \"Fitzgerald's Conrad\" as an exemplary early modernist figure to be learned from and adapted to his narrative needs in the complex novel that became Tender Is the Night. Fitzgerald perhaps shows both conscious and unconscious Conradian influences in his depictions of the material world and historical scene of the book. Conrad's fiction may have allowed Fitzgerald a way forward to key narrative and stylistic decisions in his novel, which may richly think past its creator to embrace influences and echoes from another classic modernist. The contention is that Conrad's influence is born out of Fitzgerald's urgent needs for his long-delayed fourth novel: a protagonist, a viewpoint, a journey, a romance, a tragedy, a self-knowing, and then a leave-taking.","PeriodicalId":40217,"journal":{"name":"F Scott Fitzgerald Review","volume":"20 1","pages":"120 - 97"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41668726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Financing Fitzginnegan: Joycean Influences and Similarities in the Works of F. Scott Fitzgerald","authors":"M. Noonan","doi":"10.5325/fscotfitzrevi.20.0121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5325/fscotfitzrevi.20.0121","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:This article is fully titled \"Financing Fitzginnegan: An Attempt at a Uniform and Pragmatic Classification of Joycean Influences and Similarities in the Works of F. Scott Fitzgerald, Based on an Exagmination of Fifteen Hundred (or so) Textual Factifications and Critical Opinionations, Diagnosed in the Terminology of Different Contemporary Schools—Together with a Chronology of Such Subdivision of Opinionations as Have Arisen Independently.\" Owing to the evolution of F. Scott Fitzgerald's artistic aims during the nine years it took him to write Tender Is the Night, the novel is pathbreaking in ways scholars continue to discover. The profound influence of James Joyce both in this work and over Fitzgerald's entire career is an example of this. Building on scholarship tracing Joyce's influence on Fitzgerald's writings, this article shows that Fitzgerald had both Ulysses and Finnegans Wake in mind as he fashioned and refashioned his last complete novel and that Joyce's influence also resonates in one of his last stories, \"Financing Finnegan.\" Published in Esquire in 1938, this tale serves simultaneously as an homage to Finnegans Wake and a retelling of Fitzgerald's own financial, creative, and psychological struggles in the writing of Tender Is the Night.","PeriodicalId":40217,"journal":{"name":"F Scott Fitzgerald Review","volume":"20 1","pages":"121 - 158"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45729666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Breaking Down Fitzgerald","authors":"Richard Reisinger","doi":"10.5325/fscotfitzrevi.20.0269","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5325/fscotfitzrevi.20.0269","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":40217,"journal":{"name":"F Scott Fitzgerald Review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44274652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Fitzgerald and the War Between the Sexes: EssaysRace, Politics, and Irish America: A Gothic HistoryWriting Gatsby: The Real Story of the Writing of the Greatest American NovelThe Beautiful and Damned","authors":"Kirk Curnutt","doi":"10.5325/fscotfitzrevi.20.0235","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5325/fscotfitzrevi.20.0235","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":40217,"journal":{"name":"F Scott Fitzgerald Review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42156664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Preface: American Authorship in the Twentieth Century","authors":"Robert Beuka","doi":"10.5325/fscotfitzrevi.20.0264","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5325/fscotfitzrevi.20.0264","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":40217,"journal":{"name":"F Scott Fitzgerald Review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45858634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}