Istoriya-History最新文献

The Mission of Johann Jakob Kurz von Senftenau to Constantinople (1623 – 1624) and the Challenges for the Habsburg Diplomats on the Bosphorus after the Long Turkish War 约翰-雅各布-库尔茨-冯-森夫特瑙出使君士坦丁堡（1623 - 1624 年）以及土耳其长期战争后哈布斯堡外交官在博斯普鲁斯海峡面临的挑战

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Istoriya-History Pub Date : 2024-01-20 DOI: 10.53656/his2024-1-3-mis

Aneliya Stoyanova

{"title":"The Mission of Johann Jakob Kurz von Senftenau to Constantinople (1623 – 1624) and the Challenges for the Habsburg Diplomats on the Bosphorus after the Long Turkish War","authors":"Aneliya Stoyanova","doi":"10.53656/his2024-1-3-mis","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53656/his2024-1-3-mis","url":null,"abstract":"Lasting for over a decade, the Long Turkish war (1593–1606) temporarily disrupted the diplomatic contacts between Habsburgs and Ottomans. Like any other agreement between Vienna and Istanbul, the peace treaty of Zsitvatorok (1606) left various controversial questions unresolved and provided further issues to negotiate. The present article aims at outlining and analyzing the main challenges the Habsburgs diplomats in Istanbul were faced with during the first two decades after the reestablishment of permanent diplomatic contacts (1608) following the end of the Long Turkish war. The study focuses on the diplomatic mission of Johann Jakob Kurz von Senftenau (1623 – 1624). The choice to examine this particular mission in detail is due both to the good volume of preserved archival documents on its progress, and to the fact that it is among the lesser-known Habsburg embassies in Constantinople from the beginning of XVII century. Along with the ever ongoing negotiations of disputable articles of the peace agreements, rebuilding the intelligence network, and organizing save transportation of the diplomatic correspondence to the Imperial court in Vienna emerge as tasks of primary importance. The financial struggles in times of inflation and the frequent change of Ottoman rulers also stand out as main challenges for the Habsburg diplomats to handle.","PeriodicalId":40212,"journal":{"name":"Istoriya-History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2024-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140502335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Second National Assembly: Elections, Establishment, and Composition] 第二届国民议会：选举、建立和组成]

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Istoriya-History Pub Date : 2024-01-20 DOI: 10.53656/his2024-1-1-sec

Milko Palangurski, Hristina Hristova

{"title":"The Second National Assembly: Elections, Establishment, and Composition]","authors":"Milko Palangurski, Hristina Hristova","doi":"10.53656/his2024-1-1-sec","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53656/his2024-1-1-sec","url":null,"abstract":"The Bulgarian parliamentary system came into being with the formation of the First National Assembly in the fall of 1879. Political inexperience, constitutional opposition, as well as disagreements between the monarch, parliament and executive led to the first political crisis in the country, which had several possible outcomes. Ultimately, the idea was embraced that it was necessary to seek the vote of the people once again, in order to strike a balance between the three disputing authorities. The young state administration managed to develop what was achieved and to provide conditions for Bulgarian citizens to successfully and democratically declare their intention. The Second National Assembly was established after one general election and two additional elections were held for a period of one calendar year. The territorial scope of the electoral colleges was improved, and access to the polls and integrity of the electoral process were ensured. The vote took place in accordance with the Provisional Rules for the Election of Representatives to the First Ordinary National Assembly, adopted in April 1879. However, the election results unequivocally showed that the large voter turnout sought through them could not be achieved, and that the high electoral threshold on the first day of the vote was unrealistic and therefore necessary to be removed. Violations in the electoral process remained almost the same as those established during the vote for the previous Assembly, but quite frequently overexposed or neglected for political purposes. The electoral process related to the Second National Assembly triggered a rapid and definitive formation of the Liberals and Conservatives’ party structures at both the national and regional levels.","PeriodicalId":40212,"journal":{"name":"Istoriya-History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2024-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140501605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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The Rise of Jubilee Diplomacy: The Shipka Celebrations of 1902 禧年外交的兴起：1902 年的希普卡庆典

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Istoriya-History Pub Date : 2024-01-20 DOI: 10.53656/his2024-1-2-tin

Tina Georgieva

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Research of The Balkans during the Comnine Age 康宁时代巴尔干研究

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Istoriya-History Pub Date : 2024-01-20 DOI: 10.53656/his2024-1-5-kom

Ivayla Popova

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Scientific Conference and Scientific Publication on the Topic of the Factors of Economic Growth in Historical Perspective 关于 "从历史角度看经济增长因素 "主题的科学会议和科学出版物

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Istoriya-History Pub Date : 2024-01-20 DOI: 10.53656/his2024-1-6-sci

Emilia Vacheva

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Museums, Cultural Tourism and Cultural Heritage in Bulgaria from the Middle to the End of the 20th Century. Main Moments of the Historical Development and Problems 20 世纪中叶至世纪末保加利亚的博物馆、文化旅游和文化遗产。历史发展的主要时刻和问题

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Istoriya-History Pub Date : 2024-01-20 DOI: 10.53656/his2024-1-4-mus

Vidin Sukarev

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New Documentary Evidence on the Life and Work of Georgi S. Rakovski 有关格奥尔基-拉科夫斯基生活和工作的新文献证据

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Istoriya-History Pub Date : 2023-11-15 DOI: 10.53656/his2023-6-6-new

Mira Markova

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Muslim al-Naysābūrī and the Method of the Islamic Legal and Exegetical Tradition Muslim al-Naysābūrī 与伊斯兰法律和注释传统的方法

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Istoriya-History Pub Date : 2023-11-15 DOI: 10.53656/his2023-6-5-mus

Desilsava Vladimirova

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International Cooperation in History Education at the Beginning of the 21st Century 21 世纪初历史教育的国际合作

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Istoriya-History Pub Date : 2023-11-15 DOI: 10.53656/his2023-6-3-int

K. Paev

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Hıstory Educatıon between the Major Reforms in Bulgarıan Educatıon 1948 – 2002 1948 - 2002 年保加利亚教育重大改革之间的教育故事

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Istoriya-History Pub Date : 2023-11-15 DOI: 10.53656/his2023-6-4-edu

Veselina Uzunova

{"title":"Hıstory Educatıon between the Major Reforms in Bulgarıan Educatıon 1948 – 2002","authors":"Veselina Uzunova","doi":"10.53656/his2023-6-4-edu","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53656/his2023-6-4-edu","url":null,"abstract":"History as a school subject has been present in the curricula ever since the establishment of the Bulgarian secular education, and over the years the study of history began to be given more and more importance in our educational system. Society‘s perceived need to acquire knowledge about the past is the only opportunity to better understand the present and anticipate the historical perspective. The radical changes that occurred in Bulgarian society in the second half of the 20th century led to the establishment of a completely new kind of educational system, built on the Soviet model as comprehensive and universally accessible, but at the same time politically burdened with the forcibly imposed new moral and ideological conjuncture. This process was most clearly visible in the arts, among which the discipline of History suffered particularly hard the long-term defeat of its ideologizing and outright falsification. The proposed research examines the political justification of the main historical concepts studied during the period of socialism, the development of the methodology of teaching history in schools between the reforms in 1948, 1959, 1968 and the follow-up of the situation after the end of the totalitarian regime in 1989 until the reform in 2002.","PeriodicalId":40212,"journal":{"name":"Istoriya-History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139272833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0