Aisthema-International Journal最新文献

{"title":"A Potential Link between Gut Leakiness and Sex Differences in Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)","authors":"Hanan F. Aly","doi":"10.54878/t52cp193","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54878/t52cp193","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Autism is categorized as autism spectrum disorder (ASD), characterized by recurrent behaviors and difficulties with social communication that can affect different body systems and are linked to gut microbiota dysbiosis (GM). The importance of altered GM in autistic people, the ways in which these changes could result in leaky gut, and the possible connection between sex differences and this problem are all highlighted in this paper. Main body: Research indicates that increased intestinal barrier permeability may play a significant role in the pathological changes seen in autism; it makes it easier for gut-derived endotoxins to enter the brain, where they activate the TLR4–MyD88–NF-κB signaling cascade and create an inflammatory environment. There have been differences found in the amounts of various bacterial metabolites, such as beta cresol, short-chain fatty acids, lipopolysaccharides, and bacterial toxins, in the blood and urine of children with autism. Additionally, the importance of particular proteins like zonulin, lysozyme, and calprotectin as biomarkers that can detect the leaky gut in ASD at an early stage has been shown. Bacterial metabolite leakage in these patients may be explained by disruption of the gut blood–brain barrier. As a result, a number of microbiota manipulation techniques have been developed to balance out sex differences. Male ASD sufferers are four times as likely as female ASD sufferers. Additionally, in both human and animal models of this illness, such as the maternal immune activation (MIA) mice model, the composition of GM is dependent on sex. However, very few studies have taken sex's biological impact into account when assessing how GM affects symptoms of ASD. MIA increases pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines in the mother, such as interleukin, IL-6, and IL-17α, which interfere with the development of the fetal brain. According to recent studies, MIA causes GM dysbiosis. This is significant because the GM, which lives in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, contributes to the development of the immunological, neurological, and metabolic systems through the microbiota-gut-brain axis, resulting in characteristics that resemble ASD in the MIA model.Research exploring the impact of GM on ASD etiology primarily focuses on men, ignoring the recipient's and donor's sex/gender, even though biological distinctions linked to sex, GM, and leaky gut have been discovered to be correlated with each other. In the MIA model, sex-mediated gut-immune interactions were found in the few research that take into account the biological impact of sex.The limited studies that consider the biological effect of sex revealed sex-mediated gut-immune interactions in the MIA model. Conclusion: Given that many people with autism have gastrointestinal problems, this review emphasizes the possible link between ASD and GM. The involvement of altered GM in autistic people, how these changes result in leaky gut, and the possible conne","PeriodicalId":40099,"journal":{"name":"Aisthema-International Journal","volume":"2 2","pages":"23-41"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147921464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Academic Stress and Mental Health : A Comparative Study of Science, Arts, and Commerce Students","authors":"M. Nath, Pawan Kumar, Dr. Ram Singh","doi":"10.32628/gisrrj258334","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32628/gisrrj258334","url":null,"abstract":"This is a study on the relationship between academic pressure, mental health, and socio-economic status in senior secondary school students in India focusing on students having Science, Arts and Commerce field of study. Increasing academic pressure to excel and the pressure and limited resources in society have increased pressure on students deteriorating their mental health. This research paper addresses the role that different factors play in mental well-being with particular reference to the socio-economic standings and geographical location (urban versus rural). The study aims at investigating impacts of academic pressure on anxiety, depression, and burnout, but also creates an assessment of how socio-economic background, such as access to family income level and resources, contributes to these findings. The research shows that academic stress level has been found to be high in every sphere, yet there is no strong correlation between the research notes on mental health outcomes. Moreover, the socio-economic status did not play critical roles in the measurement of the levels of academic stress. The gendering as well as geographical variations were found to be significant with the students in urban areas being under more stress; still neither variable was found to affect mental health a lot. The study would give valuable insights to educators and policymakers in developing ways of reducing academic distress and improving mental health, particularly disadvantaged learners.","PeriodicalId":40099,"journal":{"name":"Aisthema-International Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":"400-419"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://gisrrj.com/paper/GISRRJ258334.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147921800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of social media on Indian Politics in Present Scenario","authors":"Mahender Singh, Amarjeet Amarjeet","doi":"10.70388/sm241111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.70388/sm241111","url":null,"abstract":"The relationship between media and politics in India is strong and deep, characterized by a dynamic interplay of influence, power and accountability. This summary describes the multifaceted impact of media on Indian politics, examining its role in shaping public opinion, influencing policy decisions and shaping the democratic landscape. The media, encompassing traditional forms such as print, broadcasting, and the ever-expanding digital sphere, serves as a primary medium by which political information is disseminated to the public. In this capacity, it plays an important role in agenda-setting, framing political discourse and shaping public perceptions about key issues and personalities. Political actors recognize the importance of media to reach voters, conveying their messages effectively across different platforms. From election campaigns to policy debates, media coverage influences voter behavior and shapes electoral outcomes, making it an important component of the political process. Furthermore, the media acts as a watchdog, holding political leaders accountable for their actions and decisions. The media exposes corruption, inefficiency and wrongdoing within the government to the public, promoting transparency and accountability in media governance. The fourth pillar plays an important role in ensuring that the voices of marginalized communities are raised and their problems are solved. Social justice and equality should be advocated through media. However, along with its constructive contributions, the media in India continues to grapple with challenges such as sensationalism, bias and misinformation The spread of fake news and biased reporting has fueled polarization and diminished public trust in the media. In the age of social media, where information spreads rapidly and uncontrolled, the challenge of distinguishing between fact and fiction has become increasingly difficult. The rise of media conglomerates with vested interests has further complicated the scenario, raising questions over media ownership, editorial independence and ethical journalism practices.","PeriodicalId":40099,"journal":{"name":"Aisthema-International Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":"103-113"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"http://shodhmanjusha.niilmuniversity.ac.in/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/11.-Impact-of-social-media-on-Indian-Politics-in-Present-Scenario-2.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147916487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tips to Reduce Employee Turnover in the Restaurant Industry: Case of a Restaurant Unit Within Darden","authors":"Seung‐Hyun Lee, Kelsey Layman","doi":"10.4135/9781529768572","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4135/9781529768572","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":40099,"journal":{"name":"Aisthema-International Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147901469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"American Empire: A Global History by A.G. Hopkins","authors":"B. Blouet","doi":"10.1111/J.0033-0124.2004.05601020_1.X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/J.0033-0124.2004.05601020_1.X","url":null,"abstract":"Neil Smith. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press, 2003. xxvii and 570 pp., maps, photos., notes, and index. $39.95 cloth (ISBN 0-520-23027-2). This book is full of new information on the pr...","PeriodicalId":40099,"journal":{"name":"Aisthema-International Journal","volume":"379 1","pages":"104 - 106"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2004-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79214661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pacific Passage: The Study of American-East Asian Relations on the Eve of the Twenty-First Century","authors":"Warren I. Cohen","doi":"10.2307/40203344","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/40203344","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":40099,"journal":{"name":"Aisthema-International Journal","volume":"112 1","pages":"593"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"1998-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86227009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Changes in China: Party, State, and Society","authors":"Charles Burton, Shao-Chuan Leng","doi":"10.2307/40202664","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/40202664","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":40099,"journal":{"name":"Aisthema-International Journal","volume":"23 1","pages":"186"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"1989-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80205463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The United States and Canada","authors":"J. Conway, J. S. Dickey","doi":"10.2307/40199531","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/40199531","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":40099,"journal":{"name":"Aisthema-International Journal","volume":"20 1","pages":"258"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"1965-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88943031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}