Zbornik Matice Srpske za Likovne Umetnosti-Matica Srpska Journal for Fine Arts最新文献

{"title":"Democracy, expertise and loyalty: Spoils systems or experts’ oligarchy","authors":"Dragan Stanar","doi":"10.2298/zmsdn1972551s","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/zmsdn1972551s","url":null,"abstract":"Virtue of loyalty represents one of the core virtues in democratic systems, as it enables the will of citizens to be implemented via decisions of elected government. Expertise represents a necessary attribute of every successful state apparatus, and it is an inevitable ingredient of all progress. This paper aims to explain the dynamic relationship between expertise and loyalty of non-elected personnel in democratic societies, with the focus on developing democracies, like the Serbian democracy. Neglection of loyalty to the legitimately elected government in favor of expertise undermines the core principles of democracy and drives a society into a sort of ?expert oligarchy?, in which there is no equality, and the will of the majority is ignored by the expert elite. On the other hand, neglection of expertise of appointed personnel in favor of their loyalty, as seen in the so-called spoils systems, is a recipe for a disaster and erosion of the entire society, as it places the state in the hands of ignorant laymen who can only offer unlimited loyalty. It is necessary to establish a minimum of expertise and loyalty of appointed, non-elected, personnel in democracies in order to create optimal conditions for progress. Inability to respect the principle of minimal expertise when appointing personnel in state apparatus suggests faulty policy and unfoundedness of policy of legitimately elected government.","PeriodicalId":40081,"journal":{"name":"Zbornik Matice Srpske za Likovne Umetnosti-Matica Srpska Journal for Fine Arts","volume":"77 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86925389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From the “personal dossier” of dr. Adolf Hempt: From school time to the retirement","authors":"Snežana Božanić, Ana Elaković-Nenadović","doi":"10.2298/zmsdn1970195b","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/zmsdn1970195b","url":null,"abstract":"The paper analyzes the professional movements, the scientific and professional work of Dr. Adolf Hempt, one of the leading rabiologists in Yugoslavia and in the world. The research is based on the well-preserved and unexplored personal dossier of Dr. Adolf Hempt, which is kept in the Archive of Vojvodina (Novi Sad). From the rich source of material, the authors selected the documents that partircularly highlight his life in Lukavac, then certificates of his scientific and professional engagement in Vienna, Paris and Budapest (1910-1912), testimony about the preparations for his participation in the First International Conference on Rabies, and many letters written by Hempt himself. His Curriculum Vitae of 26 August, 1921, and two copies of Official gazette (from 1926 and 1932) should be particularly mentioned. The original material is in Serbian, German and Latin. Dr. Hempt lived or spent longer or shorter periods of his life, researching and improving himself, in Novi Sad, Sarajevo, Graz, Munich, Vienna, Gross-Enzersdorf, Lukavac, Paris, and Budapest. His professional career can be tracked through several stages. He was a military doctor in peace (1898-1905) and at war (1914-1918). His arrival in Lukavac coincides with the socio-economic development and the rise of this small town. He worked here as a factory, municipal, and railway doctor (1905-1921). Working on the eradication of infectious diseases and epidemics, he left an indelible mark on the history of health care and culture in Bosnia and Herzegovina. From 1908 until the beginning of the First World War, he was engaged in the launch of the Pasteur Institute in Bosnia and Herzegovina. After he moved to Novi Sad, as a founder and administrator of the Pasteur Institute, he wrote scientific papers, travelled and explored. This paper deals with a series of lesser known and unknown facts which complements and illuminates the biography of Dr. Adolf Hempt.","PeriodicalId":40081,"journal":{"name":"Zbornik Matice Srpske za Likovne Umetnosti-Matica Srpska Journal for Fine Arts","volume":"102 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72592906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Тhe impact of Werner Sombart`s Merchants and Heroes on the conception of geopolitical dualism of tellurocracy and thalassocracy","authors":"М Aleksandar Gajic","doi":"10.2298/zmsdn1971423g","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/zmsdn1971423g","url":null,"abstract":"This paper examines the connection between the war pamphlet ?Merchants and Heroes? (1915) of Werner Sombart, one of the greatest European sociologists of the 20th century, and geopolitical theories about the conflict between land and sea powers. Although Sombart?s pamphlet emphasizes the spiritual-moral and cultural-sociological dualism between Germany and England in the First World War, where the first represents the characteristics of heroes and idealists and the other of merchants and opportunists, the paper shows that this conflict was primarily a war for the territories - a geopolitical conflict, and, only secondary, a cultural-normative conflict. Historical anal?ysis shows that German geostrategic actions before the Great War (in their colonial policy) and during the Great War were not in opposition, but very similar to Great Britain`s policies. Therefore, it can be assumed that the war between Germany and Great Britain 435 broke out because of the rivalries based on their similarities, both in actions and pretensions. Moreover, Wilhelmine Germany was almost copying Britain?s colonial expansion, so it became the greatest threat to Great Britain`s geostrategic interest. Further, the research established the links between the views of Sombart and Karl Schmitt and, later, with the oversized opposition between land and sea powers as ?the second law of geopolitics? in the views of some geopolitical thinkers during the 20th century. The paper shows that the sources of both views are the same and that they lie in the German romantic-idealistic youth subculture movements at the turn of the 20th century adopted in academic circles before the Great War, primarily in the philosophy of Kurt Hiller and sociology of George Simmel, from which they were accepted by Werner Sombart.","PeriodicalId":40081,"journal":{"name":"Zbornik Matice Srpske za Likovne Umetnosti-Matica Srpska Journal for Fine Arts","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84342230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"School climate: Assessment and improvement","authors":"Masa Djurisic","doi":"10.2298/zmsdn1972507d","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/zmsdn1972507d","url":null,"abstract":"In addition to defining the concept of school climate and school climate dimensions, an important segment of the conceptualization of the school climate research is also school climate improvement, which plays an important role in the development and school reform. Process of improving the school climate is a rather complex process, which involves an assessment of the school climate, analysis of the results obtained by evaluation, determination of priority areas, creation of action plans and the selection of interventions for improvement. Recognizing the need for improvement is the starting point. After assessment and analysis of the current climate in a school, the areas that need to be improved are defined, so as to establish goals, create programs, activities and interventions. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to highlight the importance of the process of improving the school climate. Given that school climate involves a broad context in which the process of education takes place, creating a positive atmosphere in the school aims to improve school work. Maintain positive interpersonal relationships, improving the teaching, reducing the student?s problematic behavior, opening the school to the family and local community as well as the effective management of the school, these are the objectives that the school should achieve in the process of their improvement.","PeriodicalId":40081,"journal":{"name":"Zbornik Matice Srpske za Likovne Umetnosti-Matica Srpska Journal for Fine Arts","volume":"261 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87889688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"General and Chinese foreign direct investments in Serbian economy and economic development","authors":"N. Stanojević, Zoran Jovanović","doi":"10.2298/zmsdn1971361s","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/zmsdn1971361s","url":null,"abstract":"This paper examines the impact of Chinese investments in the infrastructure facilities within the Belt and Road Initiative on the Serbian economy. The research objectives are to measure the impact of the general foreign direct investments and the Chinese foreign direct investments on the key indicators of the Serbian economy, to assess their impact on the Serbian economy in general, and to compare their effects. The initial hypothesis is that the effects of the Chinese foreign direct investments on infrastructure are significantly more favourable than foreign direct investments originating in other countries, primarily due to the sectors they are implemented, and the different approach of Chinese investors, which implies the mutual benefit of partners and long-term interests in a particular country or region. The impact of the Chinese and general foreign direct investments on several key economic indicators of the Serbian economy is measured separately and compared. Since there are several dependent variables involved in the correlation, the Multiple Variable Analysis is used. The statistical procedure includes two tests of the statistical significance of the estimated correlation: P-value, as a part of Multiple Variable Analysis, and F-test, which is commonly used for small samples. The results show much stronger and more positive impact of the Chinese investments than general foreign direct investments, but also point to the direction of a change, such as increasing of import of goods and services, the reduction of unemployment, and the increase in the employment rate, as well as the dege of openness of the economy. Some results can be considered as the general effects of joining the Belt and Road Initiative, that is, they can have great significance for all countries on one of the many directions of the new Silk Road.","PeriodicalId":40081,"journal":{"name":"Zbornik Matice Srpske za Likovne Umetnosti-Matica Srpska Journal for Fine Arts","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74342835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Innovative written expression of youth in Serbia","authors":"K. Perčić, Lazar Vukadinović","doi":"10.2298/zmsdn1972517p","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/zmsdn1972517p","url":null,"abstract":"When we refer to the language of a particular nation, we need to take into account the modern trends of globalization as well as the urge to preserve the cultural identity and language. With the appearance of the social networks, followed by an increase in frequency of communication on the networks, there arise anglicisms and other abbreviated words in writing, which are typical amongst younger generations. The language used on the social media illustrates to a great extent the creativity of its authors, but at the same time an increase in the mistakes and irregularities in comparison to the standard language. An empirical research on this topic has been conducted during May and June 2018, with a sample of 1,148 students of undergraduate studies in the Republic of Serbia. The aim of the research was to establish to what extent they use jargon in the form of abbreviations in Serbian and English in their everyday communication on the social networks, which constitutes a part of the written language used by younger generations. It was also examined the frequency of (un)regularity in the writing of the Latin letters Dj, Dz, S, Z, C, C, while chatting, as well as the particular writing habits depending on the sources used for writing (such as paper, PC, mobile phone). The research has shown that 80% of the students in the Republic of Serbia use frequently a pen to write on a paper, hence a larger percentage of students prefer the traditional mode of writing opposed to the digital writing. The students more often use the English keyboard on their PCs, which means that they type the Latin characters in Serbian without diacritics, and 24% of the students occasionally need time to think how to write a particular letter on paper. About 21% of the students have stated that whilst writing with a pen on a piece of paper they writ? dj instead of dj; dz instead of dz. Another important fact is that over 40% of the students use ?jargon? abbreviations in Serbian whilst writing, and the percentage of the students that use the abbreviations in English constitutes to 26%, which should not be neglected in particularly since 40% frequently use anglicisms in their expression. To the knowledge of the authors of this paper, there were no researches done on this topic in the Republic of Serbia in particularly focusing on the university students.","PeriodicalId":40081,"journal":{"name":"Zbornik Matice Srpske za Likovne Umetnosti-Matica Srpska Journal for Fine Arts","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89465050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Language problem in Ukraine: Between linguistics and politics","authors":"R. Bukvic","doi":"10.2298/zmsdn1971375b","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/zmsdn1971375b","url":null,"abstract":"The paper considers a language problem in Ukraine, which escalated in the still ongoing crisis and was one of the basic grounds for the uprising and armed conflict in the southeastern part of the country. It presents the development of the problem in the context of independent Ukraine, as well as its genesis and development in the period that preceded it. Finally, it considers surzyk, a specific mixed language phenomenon, which has appeared and developed like other communication tools in places of contact between two or many language communities (such as pidgin and creole languages, for example). In the context of the current political climate, the possibility of resolving the status of the Russian language and surzyk seems uncertain.","PeriodicalId":40081,"journal":{"name":"Zbornik Matice Srpske za Likovne Umetnosti-Matica Srpska Journal for Fine Arts","volume":"348 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82584253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"“Young Bosnia” and philosophy","authors":"Ilija Maric","doi":"10.2298/zmsdn1969001m","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/zmsdn1969001m","url":null,"abstract":"?Young Bosnia? is the name of the youth movement in Bosnia and Herzegovina in the early XX century (1908-1914). Irrespective of their religious denomination, they had an awareness of belonging to the Serbian people. They fought for the liberation of all South-Slavic peoples from foreign control and for the unification within one common country. The intellectual leader of ?Young Bosnia? was Dimitrije Mitrinovic and the ideological leader was Vladimir Gacinovic. At the time, in Bosnia and Herzegovina there were only elementary and secondary schools, but there were no universities, which was very unfavourable for cultivating philosophy. Secondary school students and university students, some of which were philosophy students, contributed in many ways to its development among our people. Firstly, with their articles and translations of philosophical texts, they promoted philosophy on a large scale at the territory of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Secondly, they were the first among the Serbs to widely propagate the irrationalist trend in philosophy. Thirdly, they contributed to the Serbian reception of the new philosophical trends that were current abroad.","PeriodicalId":40081,"journal":{"name":"Zbornik Matice Srpske za Likovne Umetnosti-Matica Srpska Journal for Fine Arts","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72550156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intraregional inequalities in Serbia - testing the club convergence","authors":"Dejan S. Molnar, Maja Jandrić","doi":"10.2298/zmsdn1969091m","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/zmsdn1969091m","url":null,"abstract":"Not only are all the regions in Serbia underdeveloped in comparison to EU-28 average, but there are also relatively large regional disparities in our country. Nevertheless, the largest part of the uneven spatial development in Serbia lies in pronounced and growing inequalities within the regions ? intraregional disparities are greater than the interregional ones. This paper aims to investigate the existence of club convergence on NUTS 3 level in Serbia. While a common approach is based on a priori dividing units of observation into individual groups based on some of their particular characteristics, we use a method that allows identification of clusters of convergence by using an algorithm that is data-driven and thereby avoids a priori classification of the data into subgroups. We use data on GVA per capita for NUTS 3 level in Serbia, for the period 2001-2016. Our results show that there are three convergence clubs in Serbia, while two districts - Belgrade district and South Backa district show no signs of convergence with any of the other clubs or between themselves.","PeriodicalId":40081,"journal":{"name":"Zbornik Matice Srpske za Likovne Umetnosti-Matica Srpska Journal for Fine Arts","volume":"112 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77256649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Difference in fertility between women with and without tertiary education in Serbia","authors":"Natalija Mirić","doi":"10.2298/zmsdn1970245m","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/zmsdn1970245m","url":null,"abstract":"This paper points to the relative importance of childlessness (childlessness effect), postponement of motherhood to later ages (age composition effect), and fertility rates conditional upon age at entry into motherhood (rates effect) in explaining overall difference in the level of fertility between women with and without tertiary education. The author estimates these indicators for three age cohorts, 45-49, 50-54, and 55-59, and thus show whether and how the relative contribution of these three effects has changed over time. The decomposition method based on the data from the Census of Population, Households and Dwellings (2011) is used in this paper. The results indicate that the difference in fertility between women with and without tertiary education is 0.35, on average for the analyzed age cohorts. Decomposition method shows that childlessness effect and age composition effect have significantly contributed with over 80% to this difference. This finding suggests that postponing of childbearing among women with tertiary education has a continuous, dominant importance in the deterministic basis of the educational differentiation of fertility. On the other side, a weaker rates effect (20-23%) is evident in all age cohorts. Reason for this is an absence of fertility recuperation among women with tertiary education (in contrary to some European countries), thus reflecting the same (not so favorable) socio-economic and institutional context of life in which all women realize reproduction.","PeriodicalId":40081,"journal":{"name":"Zbornik Matice Srpske za Likovne Umetnosti-Matica Srpska Journal for Fine Arts","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74636862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}