Criminal Justice Review最新文献

Sex Offender Recidivism: Some Lessons Learned From Over 70 Years of Research. 性犯罪者累犯:70多年研究的一些教训

Criminal Justice Review Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Epub Date: 2023-02-21 DOI: 10.1177/07340168231157385

Patrick Lussier, Stéphanie Chouinard Thivierge, Julien Fréchette, Jean Proulx

{"title":"Sex Offender Recidivism: Some Lessons Learned From Over 70 Years of Research.","authors":"Patrick Lussier, Stéphanie Chouinard Thivierge, Julien Fréchette, Jean Proulx","doi":"10.1177/07340168231157385","DOIUrl":"10.1177/07340168231157385","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sex offender recidivism (SOR) has been the subject of research for over 70 years. Myths, misconceptions, and erroneous conclusions about SOR, however, remain widespread, impeding the development of evidence-based policies aimed at preventing sexual offenses. To address the rich but uneven literature, a comprehensive review was conducted making it possible to provide a contextualized overview of scientific knowledge against the backdrop of methodological issues, challenges, and shortcomings. Over the years, researchers have been asked to provide a simple answer to a seemingly simple question: what are the recidivism rates for sexual offending? In response, the field has produced a wide range of findings making it difficult to draw firm conclusions, leaving room for interpretation and personal biases. The variations in recidivism rates are attributable to offender and methodological characteristics, both of which are embedded in a particular sociolegal context. As a result, the base rate of SOR is more effectively considered in terms of a series of questions that should include the type of recidivism, with whom, over what period, and in what context. Issues and debates that have marked the field and fueled its growth are highlighted. Research innovations and important areas of research are also discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":40065,"journal":{"name":"Criminal Justice Review","volume":" ","pages":"413-452"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11530347/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48049960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

AMBER Alert: An Ironic Antidote to “Missing White Girl Syndrome”? 安贝警报："白人女孩失踪综合症 "的讽刺性解药？

Criminal Justice Review Pub Date : 2024-04-11 DOI: 10.1177/07340168241245043

Timothy Griffin, Colleen Kadleck, Catie Houk

{"title":"AMBER Alert: An Ironic Antidote to “Missing White Girl Syndrome”?","authors":"Timothy Griffin, Colleen Kadleck, Catie Houk","doi":"10.1177/07340168241245043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/07340168241245043","url":null,"abstract":"“Missing White Girl Syndrome” (MWGS) has been coined in critique of news media coverage favoritism of victims fitting that description. The AMBER Alert child recovery system was in fact inspired by the abduction and murder of a missing white girl, and some have argued its issuance decisions reflect MWGS. We examine this question using secondary data, including the annual AMBER Alert reports provided by the National Center for Missing and Exploited Children (NCMEC), the National Incidence Studies of Missing, Abducted, Runaway, and Thrownaway Children (NISMART), and the National Crime Information Center (NCIS). We compared the demographics of victims from official AMBER Alert data (NCMEC) with cross-comparable demographics from the two official missing persons data sources to test for potential main-effect bias favoring whites or girls. A fourth dataset derived from media accounts of AMBER Alerts is used to test for any potential interaction effect of issuance preference for white girls. Overwhelmingly the findings suggest AMBER Alert issuance decisions do not reflect MWGS. Thus, we argue the system has the potential to function as an ironic “antidote” to MWGS by virtue of the identities of the children for whom it is routinely deployed. However, we qualify by acknowledging limitations with available data, and that the “black box” of AMBER Alert issuance decisions remains unstudied, leaving open the question of race and/or gender bias occurring at that point. Policy discourse and future research implications are discussed.","PeriodicalId":40065,"journal":{"name":"Criminal Justice Review","volume":"7 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140713897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Public Preferences for Mental Health Initiatives to Prevent Crime 公众对心理健康倡议预防犯罪的偏好

Criminal Justice Review Pub Date : 2024-04-07 DOI: 10.1177/07340168241243029

Christina Mancini, Kristen M. Budd

引用次数: 0

Book Review: You might go to prison, even though you’re innocent by Brooks, J. 书评：你可能会进监狱，即使你是无辜的》，布鲁克斯，J.

Criminal Justice Review Pub Date : 2023-12-13 DOI: 10.1177/07340168231220350

Colette B. Harris

引用次数: 0

Procedural Justice and Police Legitimacy: Untangling the Effects of Racial and Ethnic Combinations Between the Police and Civilians 程序正义与警察合法性：厘清警民之间种族和民族组合的影响

Criminal Justice Review Pub Date : 2023-12-12 DOI: 10.1177/07340168231218944

Luye Li, Ivan Y. Sun

{"title":"Procedural Justice and Police Legitimacy: Untangling the Effects of Racial and Ethnic Combinations Between the Police and Civilians","authors":"Luye Li, Ivan Y. Sun","doi":"10.1177/07340168231218944","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/07340168231218944","url":null,"abstract":"In the 21st century, law enforcement agencies have increasingly realized the importance of police–civilian contacts in shaping public evaluations of legal authorities. Although many studies have revealed the Black–White racial disparities in public perceptions of the police, the impact of the nexus of civilian and officer race and ethnicity has rarely been adequately examined. Drawing upon a nationwide dataset, this study examined the effects of racial and ethnic combinations between the police and civilians on attitudes toward procedural justice and police legitimacy reported by 5,201 civilians who had recent encounters with police officers during traffic or pedestrian stops. The results showed a perception disparity regarding procedural justice and legitimacy among racial/ethnic combinations involving White, Black, and Hispanic civilians and officers. The nexus of Black-civilians–White-officers yielded the most negative effect. Hispanic civilians displayed more positive attitudes toward the police than their White counterparts. Procedural justice mediated the racial/ethnic effect on the perception of police legitimacy. Findings and policy implications are discussed.","PeriodicalId":40065,"journal":{"name":"Criminal Justice Review","volume":"8 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139009262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Book Review: Policing Unrest: On the Front Lines of the Ferguson Protest by Kochel, Tammy Rinehart 书评：治安动荡：弗格森抗议活动的前线》，作者：Kochel、Tammy Rinehart

Criminal Justice Review Pub Date : 2023-12-12 DOI: 10.1177/07340168231220036

B. Withrow

引用次数: 0

Technically Not Life: How De Facto Life Sentences Condemn Juveniles to Die in Prison 技术上并非无期徒刑：事实上的无期徒刑如何让青少年死在狱中

Criminal Justice Review Pub Date : 2023-11-23 DOI: 10.1177/07340168231216100

V. Laugalis, Meghan Koza, Stuti S. Kokkalera, Michael S. Vaughn

引用次数: 0

Book Review: Incentivizing injustice: The 2008 financial crisis and prosecutorial indiscretion by Krieger, S. 书评:《激励不公正:2008年金融危机与检察官轻率行为》，克里格，S。

Criminal Justice Review Pub Date : 2023-11-13 DOI: 10.1177/07340168231212670

Costantino Grasso