Malaysian Family Physician最新文献

{"title":"Disease perception, treatment-seeking behaviour and psychosocial impact of acne vulgaris among university students - A cross-sectional study.","authors":"Yi Jun Tan, Adawiyah Jamil, Preamala Gunabalasingam","doi":"10.51866/oa.622","DOIUrl":"10.51866/oa.622","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Acne is a common chronic inflammatory disease. Misconceptions hinder effective management. This study aimed to explore disease perception, treatment-seeking behaviour and the psychosocial impact of acne.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study was conducted in four universities. A self-administered questionnaire was developed and validated. During clinical examination, acne severity was determined using the Comprehensive Acne Severity Scale (CASS) and psychosocial impact using the Cardiff Acne Disability Index (CADI).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Four hundred students with acne aged 20±1.62 years participated, among whom 62.5% were women. The self-perceived acne severity matched the CASS score in 54.4% of the participants but was worse in 37.5%. Approximately 80.5% correctly recognised acne as a disease, while beliefs about its chronicity varied. The aggravating factors were food (92.8%), genetic predisposition (92.8%), stress (91.3%), hygiene (86.3%) and menstruation (84.8%). The information sources were families (79.7%), online social media platforms (60.2%) and friends (58.5%). Doctor consultation was significantly associated with correct disease perception, severe disease and higher psychosocial impact. Cost was the commonest deterrent for seeking (63.8%) and discontinuing treatment (43.2%). The psychosocial impact was predominantly mild (71%). The CADI domains mostly affected were feelings and psychological state. The clinical (odd ratio [OR] =2.29, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.45, 3.61) and self-perceived acne severity (OR=4.83, 95% CI=2.79, 8.35) predicted a higher psychosocial impact.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Misconceptions about acne as a disease were not prevalent, and aggravating factors other than food were correctly identified. Common information sources may further perpetuate misconceptions. Financial treatment barriers should be addressed especially in patients with severe acne and psychosocial impacts.</p>","PeriodicalId":40017,"journal":{"name":"Malaysian Family Physician","volume":"20 ","pages":"3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11821277/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143415668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of parental short message service reminders on infant immunisation coverage, timeliness and barriers in Nigeria: A quasi-experimental study.","authors":"Hamina Dathini, Siti Khuzaimah Ahmad Sharoni, Kever Robert","doi":"10.51866/oa.744","DOIUrl":"10.51866/oa.744","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>This study aimed to determine the effects of parental short message service (SMS) reminders on infant immunisation coverage, timeliness and barriers and evaluate the effects of sex on immunisation outcomes in Maiduguri, Borno State, Nigeria.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This two-arm quasi-experimental study was conducted in two primary healthcare facilities selected using simple random sampling with opaque envelopes. A total of 524 participants were enrolled using purposive sampling. Data were statistically analysed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 28 with repeated-measures logistic regression analysis, the Z test for Poisson rates and the Wilcoxon signed-rank test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The parental SMS reminders significantly improved the immunisation coverage, as reported by 69 (26.3%) (P=0.001, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 12.2-40.5), 117 (44.7%) (P=0.001, 95% CI=32.6-56.9) and 116 (44.3%) participants (P=0.001, 95% CI=34.2-54.4) for the 6th-, 10th- and 14th-week schedules, respectively. Compared to mothers' involvement, fathers' involvement did not significantly affect the immunisation coverage (B=0.158, P=0.311, 95% CI=-0.148-0.464). With regard to the immunisation timeliness, the parental SMS reminders yielded a significant effect for the 6th-, 10th- and 14th-week schedules (P=0.001, 95% CI=25.9-46.7; P=0.001, 95% CI=24.2-43.0; and P=0.001, 95% CI=21.1-36.9, respectively). Compared to mothers' involvement, fathers' involvement significantly influenced the immunisation timeliness (B=0.298, P=0.038, 95% CI=0.016-0.579). Lastly, the parental SMS reminders significantly reduced the barriers to immunisation, with a P-value of 0.001.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Parental SMS reminders can significantly improve immunisation outcomes in Nigeria.</p>","PeriodicalId":40017,"journal":{"name":"Malaysian Family Physician","volume":"20 ","pages":"2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11821279/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143415676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and validation of a gamified sexual and reproductive health education module for adolescent boys in Malaysia.","authors":"Nazrie Saini, Rosalia Saimon, Razitasham Safii, Jacey Lynn Minoi","doi":"10.51866/oa.645","DOIUrl":"10.51866/oa.645","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>About one-third of Malaysian adolescents engage in sexual activities before the age of 14 years, putting them at risk for unplanned pregnancies and sexually transmitted diseases. However, implementing sex education in Malaysia remains controversial and challenging. Therefore, this study aimed to develop and validate a newly gamified sexual and reproductive health (SRH) education module <i>(ReReki)</i> tailored for Malaysian adolescent boys.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The <i>ReReki</i> module was developed using the analysis, design, development, implementation and evaluation model, based on the theory of planned behaviour. Content validation involved six adolescent health experts, using Russell's model validity approach and a content validity questionnaire. Games were then designed to complement the Sexual and Reproductive Health (SRH) materials. The gamified <i>ReReki</i> module was pre-tested with 20 adolescent boys from a selected school, and the language was refined by a linguistic expert.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The module included five main topics, 29 subtopics and six games. The overall content validity score based on the survey method was 81.8%, while that based on Russell's model was 79.3%, indicating a high level of validity for the <i>ReReki</i> module. One new topic and two subtopics were added, while two subtopics scoring below 70% were flagged for further review. The adolescent boys expressed their acceptance of the gamified SRH content.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>All five main topics, along with the 29 subtopics in the <i>ReReki</i> module, are suitable and ready for use by adolescent boys in the Malaysian context.</p>","PeriodicalId":40017,"journal":{"name":"Malaysian Family Physician","volume":"20 ","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11821275/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143415664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Contraceptive use among women who desire no more children in Indonesia: a cross-sectional study of a national survey.","authors":"Maria Gayatri, Desy Nuri Fajarningtiyas","doi":"10.51866/oa.519","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51866/oa.519","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The desire for no additional births may be used to estimate the demand for family planning. Couple education may influence contraceptive use. This study aimed to examine the relationship between education and contraceptive use among women who desire no more children in Indonesia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A dataset from the 2017 Indonesia Demographic and Health Survey (IDHS) was used. The sample consisted of 17,938 women aged 15-49 years who desired no more children. Binary logistic regression was conducted for data analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the total respondents, 73% used contraceptive methods. Contraceptive use was strongly associated with secondary education among couples (odds ratio [OR] = 1.27; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.17-1.37) and the working status of the husband (OR=2.62; 95% CI=2.07-3.32). The respondents living in rural areas (OR=1.14; 95% CI= 1.06-1.23) and in the Java-Bali region (OR=1.36; 95% CI=1.27-1.46) were more likely to use contraceptive methods. However, the respondents aged more than 35 years were less likely to use contraceptives.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Among women who desire no more children, contraceptive use is associated with educational level, age and place of residence. Educated women tend to be empowered and have better access to contraceptive services, improving their chances of using contraception. Healthcare providers and policymakers need to promote the use of contraceptive services including counselling for couples with a low educational level, urban women and women who live in the outer Java-Bali region.</p>","PeriodicalId":40017,"journal":{"name":"Malaysian Family Physician","volume":"19 ","pages":"71"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11708827/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142956477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vulvodynia - A contemporary understanding and practical approach in primary care settings.","authors":"Sasikala Devi Amirthalingam, Sivalingam Nalliah","doi":"10.51866/rv.620","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51866/rv.620","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Vulvodynia manifests as persistent vulvar pain, affecting both sexual well-being and overall quality of life. While the precise cause remains elusive, various multifaceted predisposing and precipitating factors have been identified. Neurobiological and psychosocial elements contribute to a better understanding of the management of this complex disorder. Initial evaluation with detailed history-taking and focused pelvic examination are essential to exclude organic diseases contributing to vulvar pain. Management strategies are based on clinical experience, including non-pharmacological approaches and cognitive behavioural therapy. Oral pain-blocking medications such as serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors and gabapentin as well as topical treatments such as oestrogen, lidocaine and gabapentin may be considered. More robust evidence is required for pharmacological treatments. Referral to a multidisciplinary team may be required in a proportion of patients who do not respond to conventional treatment. This concise review highlights the contemporary understanding of vulvodynia and proposes a practical approach within primary care settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":40017,"journal":{"name":"Malaysian Family Physician","volume":"19 ","pages":"72"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11708824/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142956484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Caring for people living with dementia and their informal caregivers: Current perspectives in Malaysia.","authors":"Ken Joey Loh, Alvin Lai Oon Ng, Yook Chin Chia, Wan Ling Lee, Devi Mohan, Elil Renganathan","doi":"10.51866/cm.674","DOIUrl":"10.51866/cm.674","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>As dementia has been declared a global health crisis by the World Health Organization, this perspective paper aims to shed light on the cuerent stata of dementia care in Malaysia. The paper firsc outlinea eeveral barriers to dementia care in Malaysia. The shortage of geriatric specialists hampers the accessibility of dementia caee avd resceerces. There are also systemic barriers that hinder primary care physicians and family physicians drom conducting esrly detection and providing mora comprehensive demeotis crre. The lack of dementia-focused community services and public education further compounds issues for people living with dementia (PLWD) and their informal caregivers (ICs). Consequently, ICs suffer mentally from caregiving demands, yet evidence-based psychosocial services to support them are scarce in Malaysia. This paper wraps up with recommendations aligning with Malaysia's national plans and policies to prepare the nation for current and future dementia care needs.</p>","PeriodicalId":40017,"journal":{"name":"Malaysian Family Physician","volume":"19 ","pages":"69"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11708825/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142956473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Primary care management of mild cognitive impairment in a stroke survivor: A case report on facilitating return to work.","authors":"Afiza Hanun Ahmad Hamid, Nor Shahrina Mohd Zawawi, Mohd Fairuz Ali, Noor Azah Aziz","doi":"10.51866/cr.731","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51866/cr.731","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This case report delves into facilitating return to work (RTW) in a working-age stroke survivor. The patient was a 42-year-old Malay man who experienced multifocal lacunar infarctions in April 2022. He demonstrated substantial motor function recovery but presented with subtle cognitive deficits impacting various domains. The report outlines the diagnostic process of cognitive assessments and discusses the patient's medical history and stroke-related factors. The management plan encompassed a multidisciplinary approach in primary care, which involved incorporating cognitive rehabilitation, discussing barriers and exploring the perception of the ability to RTW. This case underscores the intricacies of mild cognitive impairment in working-age stroke survivors and emphasises the need for tailored interventions in primary care to optimise cognitive recovery and enhance the overall quality of life.</p>","PeriodicalId":40017,"journal":{"name":"Malaysian Family Physician","volume":"19 ","pages":"70"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11708826/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142956480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prenatal diagnosis of achondroplasia in primary care settings - Recognising the soft markers: A case report.","authors":"Mohd Fudzi Wan Fadzleen Ezyani, Lili Husniati Yaacob, Razlina Abdul Rahman, Chiew Chea Lau","doi":"10.51866/cr.698","DOIUrl":"10.51866/cr.698","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Achondroplasia, a genetic disorder causing limb shortening, is the most common form of disproportionate dwarfism. It can be diagnosed prenatally through sonographic findings and postnatally through clinical and radiological findings. Currently, an increasing number of affected foetuses are diagnosed antenatally since prenatal ultrasonography is routinely conducted in primary care settings. Herein, we present the case of a healthy 26-year-old primigravida who received a diagnosis of achondroplasia for her foetus during the late third trimester based on her prenatal ultrasonographic findings. Following birth, the diagnosis was confirmed by the baby's clinical and radiological findings, which showed shortening of the long bones. This case highlights the importance of recognising the soft markers of achondroplasia during routine third-trimester ultrasonography in primary care settings. Early diagnosis of achondroplasia is important to ensure timely referral to tertiary centres and adequate preparation of parents for the delivery of their baby.</p>","PeriodicalId":40017,"journal":{"name":"Malaysian Family Physician","volume":"19 ","pages":"66"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11627173/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142802449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Critical appraisal of clinical practice guidelines for otitis media in Asian and Western countries with consideration of updates: A narrative review.","authors":"Nabeel Ibraheem Jaafar Albazah, Hui Min Loh, Jin Yun Lee, Woon Khong Chen, Elena Ying Jie Khaw, Ping Kiat Ngu, Sherreen Yehia Zakaria Elhariri","doi":"10.51866/rv.669","DOIUrl":"10.51866/rv.669","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Acute otitis media is a common disease in children under the age of 5 years due to their primitive ear anatomy. One of its consequences is otitis media with effusion (OME), which is a condition wherein serous secretion accumulates in the middle ear due to Eustachian tube dysfunction. OME results in conductive hearing loss, impacting children's learning and development. This review aimed to identify discrepancies in clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) for managing OME in children across Asian and Western countries, focusing on updates to these guidelines.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A comparative review involving critical appraisal using the Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation II tool was conducted. CPGs for managing ear effusion in children in Western and Asian countries published in the PubMed, Cochrane Library, Scopus and Science Direct databases were reviewed. Four CPGs from Western countries (Scotland, England, the United States of America and France) and three CPGs from Asian countries (Japan, Korea and Malaysia) were selected.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There was a mild discrepancy regarding conducting surgery after 3 months, particularly myringotomy and adenoidectomy with or without grommets, between the Scottish CPG and other CPGs.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Asian CPGs for the management of OME share many similarities with Western CPGs. However, Asian CPGs tend to be stronger in most domains and levels of evidence. Japanese and American CPGs are up to date as of 2022 and 2016, respectively, while other CPGs are outdated for about 10 years.</p>","PeriodicalId":40017,"journal":{"name":"Malaysian Family Physician","volume":"19 ","pages":"67"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11627169/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142802620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and validation of the Newborn Clubfoot Screening Checklist to improve the detection of postnatal congenital talipes equinovarus among newborns by non-orthopaedic-trained healthcare workers in Sarawak General Hospital: A cross-sectional prospective study.","authors":"Haniza Sahdi, Ravin Prabaharan, Whye Lian Cheah, Ahmad Hata Rasit, Mohamed Ameenudeen B A Sultan Abdul Kader, Mohamad Adam Bujang, Benjamin Abdullah Nur Alyana","doi":"10.51866/oa.697","DOIUrl":"10.51866/oa.697","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Non-orthopaedic-trained healthcare professionals face challenges in identifying postnatal clubfoot deformities due to the lack of suitable assessment tools, resulting in misdiagnosis. Therefore, this study aimed to develop and validate the Neonatal Clubfoot Screening Checklist (NCSC) to assist non-orthopaedic-trained healthcare professionals in postnatal clubfoot assessment.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The NCSC development involved five phases: conceptual understanding of deformity components, creation of pictorial representations, tool structure design, content and face validation, pilot study and field study. A cross-sectional prospective study was conducted in Sarawak General Hospital from January to June 2021. Non-orthopaedic-trained healthcare professionals were randomly assigned to two groups: one utilising the NCSC for newborn screening and another without it. Results were compared with assessments by the paediatric orthopaedic team. Kappa agreement tests and sensitivity and specificity analyses were performed to evaluate the tool's reliability and validity, respectively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The content and face validity were satisfactory. Six hundred twelve feet were screened using the NCSC, and 596 feet were checked without the tool. The kappa agreement tests showed strong concordance (kappa coefficient=0.725-1.000, P<0.001) between the non-orthopaedic-trained personnel and paediatric orthopaedic team for all NCSC items. The NCSC exhibited 100% sensitivity, specificity and positive and negative predictive values.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The NCSC is a reliable tool for postnatal clubfoot screening, offering high sensitivity and specificity. It facilitates accurate differentiation of true-positive congenital talipes equinovarus from other foot conditions, reducing misdiagnoses and unnecessary referrals. The NCSC is valuable in resource-constrained settings and for healthcare professionals lacking specialised orthopaedic training.</p>","PeriodicalId":40017,"journal":{"name":"Malaysian Family Physician","volume":"19 ","pages":"68"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11627168/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142802628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}