Contemporary Trends in Geoscience最新文献_第2页

Hydrogeochemical Characterization and Vulnerability Assessment of Shallow Groundwater in Basement Complex Area, Southwest Nigeria 尼日利亚西南部基底复合区浅层地下水水文地球化学特征及脆弱性评价

Contemporary Trends in Geoscience Pub Date : 2018-06-01 DOI: 10.2478/ctg-2018-0005

Adeniyi JohnPaul Adewumi, A. Anifowose, F. O. Olabode, T. Laniyan

{"title":"Hydrogeochemical Characterization and Vulnerability Assessment of Shallow Groundwater in Basement Complex Area, Southwest Nigeria","authors":"Adeniyi JohnPaul Adewumi, A. Anifowose, F. O. Olabode, T. Laniyan","doi":"10.2478/ctg-2018-0005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/ctg-2018-0005","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Thirty-five (35) groundwater samples from Owo area were analyzed for physicochemical parameters. Results show that the mean value of pH is 6.32, TDS is 208.92 mg/l, temperature is 28.77°C, EC is 545.16 μs/cm; TH is 111.09 mg/l, SO4 is 71.73 mg/l, Cl is 0.07 mg/l, HCO3 is 14.09 mg/l, Na is 25.06 mg/l, Ca is 37.07 mg/l, K is 24.36 mg/l and Mg is 4.41 mg/l. The results were compared to the WHO and NDSQW standards. All parameters were within the permissible limit except EC in well OW6 and K is above the stipulated standards in 69% of the total samples. The high concentration of K is linked to the use of NPK fertilizer in the area for agricultural purposes. The groundwater belongs to Ca-Na-K-SO4 and Na-Ca-SO4 water type respectively. The ionic concentration in the groundwater is due to the dissolution of the rock that makes up the aquifer. Plagioclase and silicate-bearing rocks are the sources of major ions in the water. SAR, PI, RSBC and KR reveals that groundwater in the area is good for irrigation purpose. DRASTIC model further revealed that groundwater in the area is less vulnerable to contamination under the current environmental conditions.","PeriodicalId":398945,"journal":{"name":"Contemporary Trends in Geoscience","volume":"121 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131328603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 19

Assessment of Shoreline and Associated Landuse/Land cover Changes along Part of Lagos Coastline, Nigeria 尼日利亚拉各斯部分海岸线岸线及相关土地利用/土地覆盖变化评估

Contemporary Trends in Geoscience Pub Date : 2018-06-01 DOI: 10.2478/ctg-2018-0004

F. Akinluyi, A. O. Adebola, A. A. Adeseko

{"title":"Assessment of Shoreline and Associated Landuse/Land cover Changes along Part of Lagos Coastline, Nigeria","authors":"F. Akinluyi, A. O. Adebola, A. A. Adeseko","doi":"10.2478/ctg-2018-0004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/ctg-2018-0004","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The city of Lagos, Nigeria has undergone rapid increase in population due to economic and commercial activities. As a result of this, there has been a persistent change in Land use/Land cover (LULC) of the city and shoreline through the years. This observation necessitated the use of multi-temporal satellite data to characterize shoreline changes between 1984 and 2016. Therefore, the study attempts to determine the shoreline change during the study period and the coastal land use and land cover (LULC) of the study area. Satellite data was acquired andsubjected to some image processing techniques such as image enhancement, supervised classification, and shoreline extraction. The digital shoreline analysis system (DSAS) in ArcGIS environment was utilized to cast transects and calculate statistical parameters for the shoreline and spatial data used was Landsat TM, ETM and OLI for the years 1984, 1990, 2000, 2004 and 2016 respectively. The results indicate that LULC changes in builtup areas increases rapidly during the years (1984-2015) from 12.2 -36.2%, water bodies increased from (1984- 1990-2000) from 52%, 54%, 52% and reduces to 47.4% in the year 2015 while vegetation cover reduces drastically through the year range from 36%, 33%, 29%, 24% and 16%. A total of 1034 transects were generated with 100m spacing and the average rate of change was calculated for the 32 year period (1984-2016). The linear regression rate (LRR) shoreline result shows a mean of -0.59m/year where 73.1% of transect fall under erosion and 61.8% accretion respectively. The end point rate (EPR) and net shoreline movement (NSM) analysis revealed mean shoreline change of -0.57m/year and -18.1m/period respectively from 1984-2016. The EPR and NSM results both revealed that 231 transect or 22.3% experienced erosion, and 805 transect or 77.9% with accretion. It was observed that significant accretion rate recorded along most sections of the shorelines is attributed to beach nourishment activities.","PeriodicalId":398945,"journal":{"name":"Contemporary Trends in Geoscience","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115649771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 7

Relief evolution of landslide slopes in the Kamienne Mts (Central Sudetes, Poland) – analysis of a high-resolution DEM from airborne LiDAR Kamienne Mts(中部苏台德山脉，波兰)滑坡斜坡的地形演化——机载激光雷达的高分辨率DEM分析

Contemporary Trends in Geoscience Pub Date : 2018-06-01 DOI: 10.2478/ctg-2018-0001

Aleksandra Osika, M. Wistuba, I. Malik

{"title":"Relief evolution of landslide slopes in the Kamienne Mts (Central Sudetes, Poland) – analysis of a high-resolution DEM from airborne LiDAR","authors":"Aleksandra Osika, M. Wistuba, I. Malik","doi":"10.2478/ctg-2018-0001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/ctg-2018-0001","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The aim of the study is to reconstruct the development of landslide relief in the Kamienne Mountains (Central Sudetes, SW Poland) based on a DEM from LiDAR data. Analyses of relief and geological maps in ArcGIS 10.5 and of slope cross-sections in Surfer 14 allowed to distinguish different types of landslide relief, developed in latites and trachybasalts lying above claystones and mudstones. The types vary from small, poorly visible landslides to vast landslides with complex relief. They were interpreted as consecutive stages of geomorphic evolution of hillslope-valley topography of the study area. Two main schemes have been established which explain the development of landslide slopes in the Kamienne Mts: (1) upslope, from the base of the slope towards the mountain ridge and (2) downslope, beginning on the top of the mountain ridge. The direction of landslide development depends on the thickness of volcanic rocks in relation to underlying sedimentary rocks. When the latter appear only in the lowest part of the slope, landslides develop upslope. If sedimentary rocks dominate on the slope and volcanic rocks form only its uppermost part, landslides develop downslope. The results show that landsliding leads to significant modifications of relief of the study area, including complete degradation of mountain ridges.","PeriodicalId":398945,"journal":{"name":"Contemporary Trends in Geoscience","volume":"13 3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121717689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

The study of elastic properties and chemical composition of selected rocks 对选定岩石的弹性性质和化学成分的研究

Contemporary Trends in Geoscience Pub Date : 2018-06-01 DOI: 10.2478/ctg-2018-0006

Sandra Herber, I. Stan-Kłeczek

引用次数: 1

Case study of electrical resistivity tomography measurements used in landslides investigation, Southern Poland 在波兰南部滑坡调查中使用的电阻率层析测量的案例研究

Contemporary Trends in Geoscience Pub Date : 2018-06-01 DOI: 10.2478/ctg-2018-0007

M. Mita, M. Glazer, Radosław Kaczmarzyk, M. Dąbrowski, K. Mita

{"title":"Case study of electrical resistivity tomography measurements used in landslides investigation, Southern Poland","authors":"M. Mita, M. Glazer, Radosław Kaczmarzyk, M. Dąbrowski, K. Mita","doi":"10.2478/ctg-2018-0007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/ctg-2018-0007","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Mass movements are an ever present threat to building construction, water management, vegetation formation and biodiversity. This paper presents an approach to landslides research based on non-invasive geoelectrical method - Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT). Mapping and displacement monitoring of unstable slopes is crucial for the hazards prevention and assessment. The ERT technique is an effective tool to obtain structural differentiation of geological medium through interpretation of 2D electrical resistivity models. The main advantage of the method is a wide range of applicability what makes its useful during field works on a landslide. It is commonly used for measurements of slope instability, determination of shear surface, landslide susceptibility, depth of bedrock, slip plane geometry. The aim of the work is to identify the geological structures underneath three selected landslides in south Poland: in Racibórz, Milówka and Porąbka. Attempts have been focused on determination of the usefulness of the proposed ERT methodology for evaluation of possible further development of mass movements. On two investigation sites two different arrays have been used: Wenner-Schlumberger and dipole-dipole which allowed to prepare combined data set and resistivity models based on them. Forward modelling of synthetic models based on a priori information allowed to understand anomalies present on resistivity models. Applied approach ensured quality increase of final interpretation of resistivity models.","PeriodicalId":398945,"journal":{"name":"Contemporary Trends in Geoscience","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130639565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 12

Effect on surface deformation resulting from mining activity on value of property valuation. A case study from Jastrzębie- Zdrój region 采矿活动引起的地表变形对物业估价价值的影响。以Jastrzębie- Zdrój地区为例

Contemporary Trends in Geoscience Pub Date : 2018-06-01 DOI: 10.2478/ctg-2018-0008

Paweł Pala

引用次数: 0

Lithological indicators of loess sedimentation of SW Poland 波兰西南部黄土沉积岩性标志

Contemporary Trends in Geoscience Pub Date : 2017-12-01 DOI: 10.1515/ctg-2017-0008

M. Krawczyk, Kamila Ryzner, J. Skurzyński, Z. Jary

{"title":"Lithological indicators of loess sedimentation of SW Poland","authors":"M. Krawczyk, Kamila Ryzner, J. Skurzyński, Z. Jary","doi":"10.1515/ctg-2017-0008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/ctg-2017-0008","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract High-resolution grain-size investigations were carried out in two SW Polish loess sections: Biały Kościół (Niemcza-Strzelin Hills) and Zaprężyn (Trzebnica Hills). Each sequence was sampled by using the same methodology and samples were taken at 5 centimeters intervals. The particle size distribution was obtained with a Mastersizer 2000 laser, used for diffraction methods. From the obtained results the basic parameters and grain size indicators were calculated: Mz, Grain Size Index ratio, U-ratio and the percentage content of clay (< 4μm) and sand (> 63 μm). Both loess-soil sequences are composed of interfluve and slope loess facies and consist of five litho-pedostratigraphic units developed during the Late Pleistocene and Holocene: two loess units L1LL1, L1LL2 and three polygenetic fossil soils sets S0, S1 and L1SS1. The distance between these two profiles is about 60 km. Zaprężyn, as a section located more to the north, has almost no lower younger loess and higher level of weathering which could be related to proximity of this site to the Ice Sheet margin. The climate here was more extreme and harsh. What is more, the difference in development of soil L1SS1 can be observed: while in Biały Kościół pedogenesis process was slower and less disturbed than in Zaprężyn. The upper part of L1SS1 in Biały Kościół was deformed by gelifluction, frost heave and other periglacial processes. Mz indicator by the grain-size distribution in these sediments reflects subtle variations in the climatic system. Moreover, in Zaprężyn the content of sand fraction is higher than in Biały Kościół what can be the evidence of short episodes of strong winds during cold period of sedimentation. The aim of this paper is to compare two loess profiles by their stratigraphical and lithological similarities which are result of climate conditions and features of surrounding environment.","PeriodicalId":398945,"journal":{"name":"Contemporary Trends in Geoscience","volume":"80 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123405308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 7

Estimation of geotechnical parameters on the basis of geophysical methods and geostatistics 基于地球物理方法和地质统计学的岩土参数估计

Contemporary Trends in Geoscience Pub Date : 2017-12-01 DOI: 10.1515/ctg-2017-0006

A. Brom, Adrianna Natonik

引用次数: 4

GIS-Based Sub-Basin Scale Identification of Dominant Runoff Processes for Soil and Water Management in Anambra Area of Nigeria 基于gis的尼日利亚阿南布拉地区水土管理优势径流过程分流域识别

Contemporary Trends in Geoscience Pub Date : 2017-12-01 DOI: 10.1515/ctg-2017-0007

B. J. Fagbohun, O. F. Olabode, A. O. Adebola, F. Akinluyi

{"title":"GIS-Based Sub-Basin Scale Identification of Dominant Runoff Processes for Soil and Water Management in Anambra Area of Nigeria","authors":"B. J. Fagbohun, O. F. Olabode, A. O. Adebola, F. Akinluyi","doi":"10.1515/ctg-2017-0007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/ctg-2017-0007","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Identifying landscapes having comparable hydrological characteristics is valuable for the determination of dominant runoff process (DRP) and prediction of flood. Several approaches used for DRP-mapping vary in relation to data and time requirement. Manual approaches which are based on field investigation and expert knowledge are time demanding and difficult to implement at regional scale. Automatic GIS-based approach on the other hand require simplification of data but is easier to implement and it is applicable on a regional scale. In this study, GIS-based automated approach was used to identify the DRPs in Anambra area. The result showed that Hortonian overland flow (HOF) has the highest coverage of 1508.3 km2 (33.5%) followed by deep percolation (DP) with coverage of 1455.3 km2 (32.3%). Subsurface flow (SSF) is the third dominant runoff process covering 920.6 km2 (20.4%) while saturated overland flow (SOF) covers the least area of 618.4 km2 (13.7%) of the study area. The result reveal that considerable amount of precipitated water would be infiltrated into the subsurface through deep percolation process contributing to groundwater recharge in the study area. However, it is envisaged that HOF and SOF will continue to increase due to the continuous expansion of built-up area. With the expected increase in HOF and SOF, and the change in rainfall pattern associated with perpetual problem of climate change, it is paramount that groundwater conservation practices should be considered to ensure continued sustainable utilization of groundwater in the study area.","PeriodicalId":398945,"journal":{"name":"Contemporary Trends in Geoscience","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129695136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 7

Seasonal Variation in Fluoride Content in Groundwaters of Langtang Area, Northcentral Nigeria 尼日利亚中北部朗塘地区地下水氟化物含量的季节变化

Contemporary Trends in Geoscience Pub Date : 2017-06-01 DOI: 10.1515/ctg-2017-0002

H. Dibal, W. N. Dajilak, I. Lekmang, L. W. Nimze, E. Yenne

{"title":"Seasonal Variation in Fluoride Content in Groundwaters of Langtang Area, Northcentral Nigeria","authors":"H. Dibal, W. N. Dajilak, I. Lekmang, L. W. Nimze, E. Yenne","doi":"10.1515/ctg-2017-0002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/ctg-2017-0002","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Thirty groundwater samples were collected at the peak of the rainy season and analysed for fluoride and other cations and anions in drinking water sources of Langtang area. For comparative purposes, thirty seven groundwater samples were collected in the dry season. The aim of the study was to determine variation in fluoride content with respect to the seasons. Fluoride in water was determined by the Ion Selective Electrode (ISE) and the cations by the Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry (ICP-AES). The anion (sulphate) was determined by Multi – Ion Colorimeter, bicarbonate and chloride by titration method. In addition fluorine content in aquifer materials from a borehole section were determined by Fusion method. The two seasons show variation in content of fluoride in groundwater. Fluoride content in groundwater is higher in the dry season ranging from 0.13 – 10.3 mg/l compared to the 0.06 – 4.60 mg/l values in the rainy season. Content of fluorine (0.01 wt %) in the aquifer materials (sands) is low from depth of 0 to 7.95 m. However, fluorine content increases with depth, from 7.95 to 10.60 m with concentration of 0.04 wt %, 0.05 wt % from 10.60 to 13.25m, and 0.07 wt % from 13.25 to 15.70 m, the content of fluorine however, decreased at depth 15.70 to18.55m with concentration of 0.02 wt % even with fluorite mineral in the aquifer material at this depth. Dilution of fluoride ion as a result of rain input which recharges the aquifer may be the main reason for lower values recorded in the rainy season. Over fifty and sixty percent of waters in both dry and rainy season have fluoride concentration above the WHO upper limit of 1.5 mg/l. Consumption of these elevated values of fluoride in groundwater of the study area, clearly manifests as symptoms of dental fluorosis.","PeriodicalId":398945,"journal":{"name":"Contemporary Trends in Geoscience","volume":"289 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117293440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5