{"title":"Introductory Chapter: Dairy By-Products - Why Should We Care?","authors":"I. Gigli, M. Calafat","doi":"10.5772/INTECHOPEN.86594","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/INTECHOPEN.86594","url":null,"abstract":"This book focuses on low investment alternative use of dairy by-products. Whey has application in both the pharmacology and nutritional industry. However, three main problems affront cheese makers when they try to process whey: the short half-life, the cost of refrigerating, and transportation cost. All these make the use of whey economically difficult for small and medium manufacturers. Therefore, in most cases, whey ends up as agro-industrial waste. This represents a loss of valuable opportunities and also, as explained below, represents a high environmental impact. In the different chapters, the authors offer alternative biotechnology processes (Figure 1). The ultimate goal of the book is to break the paradigm of considering milk by-product as a waste. This introductory chapter provides the global context in which the book was conceived: starts with a historical and current perspective of the consumption of dairy products, continues with the composition of the by-products, followed by our experience of using whey as culture media to produce mineral organic supplement and then isotonic lactosefree beverage, and closes with a general conclusion.","PeriodicalId":398733,"journal":{"name":"Whey - Biological Properties and Alternative Uses","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115458299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Andressa de Freitas Mascarello, Giovana Isabel Pinto, Isis Souza de Araújo, Leticia Kuller Caragnato, André Luís Lopes Silva, Leandro Freire dos Santos
{"title":"Technological and Biological Properties of Buttermilk: A Minireview","authors":"Andressa de Freitas Mascarello, Giovana Isabel Pinto, Isis Souza de Araújo, Leticia Kuller Caragnato, André Luís Lopes Silva, Leandro Freire dos Santos","doi":"10.5772/INTECHOPEN.80921","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/INTECHOPEN.80921","url":null,"abstract":"Buttermilk is a by-product obtained from the batting insertion in the process of obtaining cream and butter and it is constituted by fat globules which are surrounded by milk fat globule membranes (MFGMs). During the stirring process, the membrane is ruptured and the various components present therein are released. Because it has a high nutritional content and low cost, buttermilk has drawn attention in the prospect of new forms of application. In addition, its disposal is expensive and not biologically viable. The objective of this work is to present a compilation of the technological and biological activities of buttermilk. Among the technological properties, it is worth mentioning its application as in the production of functional foods, a conduit for the incorporation of probiotics, inhibition of bacterial adherence on industrial surfaces, as well as the encapsulation of easily degraded activities and fermentative processes. Among the biological properties, its antioxidant, hypocholesterolemic, antimicrobial, and anticancer activities stand out. In conclusion, the reuse of buttermilk is economically and sustainably viable and encourages increasing research related to its use.","PeriodicalId":398733,"journal":{"name":"Whey - Biological Properties and Alternative Uses","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115222751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Jáuregui-Rincón, Eva Salinas-Miralles, N. A. Chávez-Vela, Mariela Jiménez-Vargas
{"title":"Glycomacropeptide: Biological Activities and Uses","authors":"J. Jáuregui-Rincón, Eva Salinas-Miralles, N. A. Chávez-Vela, Mariela Jiménez-Vargas","doi":"10.5772/INTECHOPEN.82144","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/INTECHOPEN.82144","url":null,"abstract":"Glycomacropeptide (GMP) is a milk-derived bioactive peptide that comprises 15–20% of proteins present in whey, being the third most abundant. It is released from κ -casein by enzymatic digestion, either physiologically or in industry during cheese making process. GMP has many biological activities that are of particular interest for the manufacture of novel functional foods. Specifically, health promoting activities of this whey peptide are related to: antimicrobial, anticariogenic, gastric acid inhibitory, cholecystokinin releasing, prebiotic, and immune modulatory. GMP is also a peptide with promising use in food industry, due to its nutritional value and its emulsifying, foaming, and gelling properties. Besides, GMP has received much attention due to its use as an indicator of milk adulteration with cheese whey. This chapter summarizes the current knowledge about biological activities of GMP, going in-depth in immune regulatory properties, exposes the potential uses of GMP in industry, and finally reviews different methods used to detect GMP as adulteration index with cheese whey. and TNF- α and on STAT4 activation when cells were stimulated by A in of GMP. The same team studied the action of GMP on monocyte cell line THP-1 and they found that GMP increases the secretion","PeriodicalId":398733,"journal":{"name":"Whey - Biological Properties and Alternative Uses","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117049073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Whey to Vodka","authors":"P. Hughes, D. Risner, L. Goddik","doi":"10.5772/INTECHOPEN.81679","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/INTECHOPEN.81679","url":null,"abstract":"Whey production can be an economic and environmental problem for small creameries and acid whey producers. The fermentation and distillation of whey not only eliminates the cost of disposing whey as waste while minimizing environmental impact but adds a revenue option through production of a value-added product. Kluyveromyces marxianus is typically utilized to ferment the pasteurized and pretreated whey. The fermented product contains approximately 3% ethanol v/v. Various options for distilling may be utilized such as a simple two-pot system or a more complex four-stage system to assure production of a neutral spirit. Quality of the distilled spirit is impacted by whey source, whey pretreatment, fermentation conditions, and the distilling process.","PeriodicalId":398733,"journal":{"name":"Whey - Biological Properties and Alternative Uses","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133899804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}