Journal of Research of the National Bureau of Standards, Section D: Radio Propagation最新文献

{"title":"Propagation problems with space radio communications","authors":"K. Rawer","doi":"10.6028/JRES.066D.040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6028/JRES.066D.040","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":398550,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research of the National Bureau of Standards, Section D: Radio Propagation","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1962-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131351873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A method for the determination of lower ionosphere properties by means of field measurements on sferics","authors":"F. B. Harris, R. Tanner","doi":"10.6028/JRES.066D.046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6028/JRES.066D.046","url":null,"abstract":"The propagatio n of a ud iofrequpncy a nd sub-a udiofrequency waves be tween t he earth a nd an ionos phere whose conductivity varies co nt inu ously with altit ude is co nsidered in deta il. The fie lds a re represe nted in te rms of t ll'O scalar potentials satisfy ing a ppropria te wa ve eq uations in spherieal coordina tes. It is s hown , on t he basis of exist in g data on t he ion osphe re, t hat waves i n th is fl'equency range can be cons idered to be confin ed to a t hin , but not s ha rp ly bounded , s pheri cal s hell abo ut t he eart h . Greatly simplified radia l wave equations in dimensionless form are deri ved in co rporatin g t hi s a pprox imation . Solu t ions of t hese equations a rc given fOI' two r egions, v iz, for t he low-altitude reg ion whe re u/W€o< < 1 a nd, in the case of cer ta in rest ri cted types of cond uct iv ity profile, for t he h igh-alti t ude reg ion where u/W€o> > 1. An itera t ive method is presented , based on a n in tegra l equatio n, which makes possib le a computation of t he radia l wave fun ction in t he transit ion region a nd a jo inin g of in te ri or and exteri or solution s for t he propagatin g TM mode. The resu lt is a direct mathematical rela t io ns hip between t he condu ctiv ity pro fi le a nd t he complex propagation constant as a funct io n of freq uency . It is demon trated t hat at freq uencies above abo u t 50 cycles t he propaga Lion cons ta nt ca n be obta ined from measure me n ts of t he horizontal co mponents of electric a nd mag netic fi elds in individ ual sferics a t air plane a lt it udes, whi le a t lower freq uencies t he sa me information can be obtained thr ougll ground-based observa t ion of cavity resonance e ffects in sferic noise. Existing data on t hcse cavity resonances a re used to calcula te t he complex p ropaga t ion co nstant as a fun ction of freq ue nc.v from 6 to 3,1. cycles. The re ults , when extrapolated to hi gher frequencies, predict atte nu a t ion rates in ex cell ent agree ment wit h currently ava ila ble data. The effect of t he diurnal vari ation in con du ctivity o n obse rvable qu anLiti es is br ir fl y examined, a nd te ntat ive co nclu sio ns as to its magni tude a re drawn.","PeriodicalId":398550,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research of the National Bureau of Standards, Section D: Radio Propagation","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1962-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123346510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Magnetotelluric fields in the frequency range 0.03 to 7 cycles per kilosecond: Part II. Geophysical interpretation","authors":"C. W. Horton, A. Hoffman","doi":"10.6028/JRES.066D.049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6028/JRES.066D.049","url":null,"abstract":". ~he power spectra computed in part 1 for Tbilisi, USSR, are lIsed to compute apparellt resistivity II) accordance with a formula developed by Cagniard. It is found that both compol~cnts of t he telluric field yield a value of 6 ohm meters for the appareJlt electrical reslstlvl~y of t he earth. The dnta do not extend over a sufficiently wide range of frequency to perlllit conclUSions about the stratification. There is no evidence of horizontal anisotropy of the earth's resistivit y. The magnetic pover spectrum for the earth's ambient field is corrected for t he transmis sion losses in the ionosphere to yield t he power spectrulll of the magnetic field incident on the earth. The major part of the variation yith frequency is eliminated by this correction.","PeriodicalId":398550,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research of the National Bureau of Standards, Section D: Radio Propagation","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1962-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115058853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Some statistical properties of pulsed oblique HF ionospheric transmissions","authors":"M. Balser, W. B. Smith","doi":"10.6028/JRES.066D.072","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6028/JRES.066D.072","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract : A study is made of the amplitude fading of 35 microsecond HF pulses transmitted via the iono sphere over a 1,566-km path between Atlanta, Ga., and Ipswich, Mass. The distribution functions for about half of the records taken fit the family of distributions for a sine wave in Gaussian noise, with most of these best fitting the curve for pure noise (the Rayleigh distribution). Some examples of two sine waves with random phase are observed. It is concluded that most of the re maining curves which do not fit these distribu tions correspond to samples of nonstationary functions. The median fading time for one-hop paths is of the order of 20 seconds, and many ex amples occur with considerably longer fading times. Multiple-hop paths give fading times of a very few seconds. Space correlation distances are also considerably greater than expected, averag ing around 40 wavelengths, which corresponds to a mean angular deviation of the order of two tenths of a degree. Many crosscorrelation functions show peaks displaced in time from the origin, re flecting the effect of ionospheric winds. (Author)","PeriodicalId":398550,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research of the National Bureau of Standards, Section D: Radio Propagation","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1962-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131176590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Propagation of plane electromagnetic waves past a shoreline","authors":"J. Bazer, S. Karp","doi":"10.6028/JRES.066D.036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6028/JRES.066D.036","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":398550,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research of the National Bureau of Standards, Section D: Radio Propagation","volume":"356 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1962-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133168920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Statistical distribution of the amplitude and phase of a multiply scattered field","authors":"P. Beckmann","doi":"10.6028/JRES.066D.027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6028/JRES.066D.027","url":null,"abstract":"The probability dist ribu Lion of the ampli tude and phase o f the sum of a large num ber of random two-di mensional vectors is derived under t he fo llowing general condit ions : Both t he ampli tudes a nd th e phases of the component vectors a re random, t he di sLribu tions b eing a rbitrary within the vali dit.7 of the Central Lim it Theorem ; in part icular, the d ist r ibutions of t he individual veetors need not be identical , the amplitude and phase of each component vec tor need not be independent a nd the di tribu tions Ileed not be symmel ri cal. T he disLributions formerly derived by R ayleigh , nice, H oy t, a nd Heckmanll are shown lo be special cases of this di sLribut ion .","PeriodicalId":398550,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research of the National Bureau of Standards, Section D: Radio Propagation","volume":"100 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1962-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131820511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CURRENTS INDUCED ON THE SURFACE OF A CONDUCTING CIRCULAR CYLINDER BY A SLOT","authors":"G. Hasserjian, A. Ishimaru, G. Held","doi":"10.6028/JRES.066D.037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6028/JRES.066D.037","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract : A partial study of currents induce on circular, conducting cylinders by narrow radiating slots is made. irst a brief and general formulation of the radiation fields of slots on cylinders is made. Then, the p radius, and the order of the errors are discussed. The problem of a circumferential slot, of constant excitation, is also considered. An asymptotic expansion obtained for this case yields the surface current distribution for values f axial distances that oblem of an infinite axial slot is examined thoroughly for all cylinder sizes. An expansion for the fields, very close to the slot, on large radius cylinders, is also obtained. Sample computations are made, for various ranges of cylinder radius, and the order of the errors are discussed. The problem of a circumferential slot, of constant excitation, is also considered. An asymptotic expansion obtained for this case yields the surface current distribution for values f axial distances that are smaller than the square of the circumference o the cylinder. Since one of the objectives of this study is to determine m tual coupling between two slots on a cylinder, the last section presents a formulation o the equivalent netw rk in terms of the surface and feed line currents. (Author 0","PeriodicalId":398550,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research of the National Bureau of Standards, Section D: Radio Propagation","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1962-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117307973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Observations of radio wave phase characteristics on a high-frequency auroral path","authors":"J. Koch, W. Beery","doi":"10.6028/JRES.066D.033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6028/JRES.066D.033","url":null,"abstract":"Experimental observations of phase perturbations to continuous wave and pulse signals, over short time periods, have been carried out on a high-frequency auroral path. Statistics on phase perturbations occurring in time intervals of one to twent y milliseconds were obtained for t he continuous wave signals. Pulse-to-pulse phase stability measurements were made, using one-millisecond pulses with a pulse repetition rate of 250 pulses per second. The phase of corresponding parts of successive pulses were compared continuously, and then t he integrated values of phase differences during one-millisecond pulse periods were deter mined. Comparisons of statistics of phase perturbations for continuous wave signals and one-millisecond pulse signals indicate no significant differences for approximately four millisecond sampli ng intervals and comparable fading speeds on t his auroral path.","PeriodicalId":398550,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research of the National Bureau of Standards, Section D: Radio Propagation","volume":"352 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1962-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116684844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A theory of radar reflections from a rough moon","authors":"D. F. Winter","doi":"10.6028/JRES.066D.025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6028/JRES.066D.025","url":null,"abstract":"It is proposed in this paper that the total lunar echo at any instant of ti me is comprised of t wo components! whic~ are t he result of scattering from two general types of te rrain features. On the basIs of tIllS model, the average theoretical backscattered power flu x at the receiver is derived as a func tion of time for the case of short pulse t rans mission . The radar cross section of t he moon is a lso calculated. Several comparisons are made between t he t heory and experimental results ob tained with a variety of equ ipment parameters.","PeriodicalId":398550,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research of the National Bureau of Standards, Section D: Radio Propagation","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1962-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116292617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High resolution pulse measurements of meteor-burst propagation at 41 Mc/s over a 1,295-km path","authors":"R. Carpenter, G. Ochs","doi":"10.6028/JRES.066D.029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6028/JRES.066D.029","url":null,"abstract":"Studi es of mu lt ipath radio signal have been made over a l ,2!l5-km path from Long Branch, I ll in o is to Boulder, Colorado. Three mi croseco nd pulses wit h a peak po wer of 800 ki lowa.tts we re employed . Signals p ropagated v ia ion ized meteo r tr\"il , io nospheric scatter, spo radi c E and a urora were observed . Most single meteor trails show no detectable multipath. However, sp reading of t he received pu lse over a 10 mi crosecond ra nge wit h several components was visible occasionally. T he s imultanco us occur rence of several meteo r signals resul ted in multi ple paths d iffering in t ime by as mu ch as 500 microseco nds, althoug ll shorter delays were mo re p robable. Conti nuous scatter sig na ls cover a 40 mi croseco nd delay range. Strong E , signals usually show no detectable pu lse d isto rt ion. Vhen weak, however, t hey may cover a 40 microsecond delay ra nge.","PeriodicalId":398550,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research of the National Bureau of Standards, Section D: Radio Propagation","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1962-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126976629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}