中华眼科杂志最新文献

{"title":"[Heightened vigilance against the potential risks of phakic posterior chamber intraocular lens implantation].","authors":"Z Y Du, Q Zheng, Y Zhang","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112142-20250729-00322","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn112142-20250729-00322","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Currently, the clinical application of various refractive correction surgeries has provided more options for patients, and posterior chamber phakic intraocular lens (PC-PIOL) implantation has also become one of the therapeutic options with proven efficacy. However, the potential risks of this procedure still warrant high vigilance. Some self-media outlets claim that PC-PIOL implantation is a \"regret-free\" surgery causing no ocular damage, stating that the implanted lens can be removed at any time to restore the eye to its preoperative state. This claim equates the \"reversibility\" of the surgery with \"the ability to regret (and remedy it)\", which is essentially a misinterpretation of the procedure's core characteristics. Such misinterpretation may lead physicians and patients to lower their vigilance against surgical risks, paving the way for subsequent medical disputes. This article illustrates that postoperatively, intraocular structures and parameters-including intraocular pressure, corneal endothelial cells, and the anterior lens capsule-are affected to varying degrees. The risks of postoperative complications (e.g., cataracts, glaucoma, corneal endothelial decompensation, and intraocular infection) should not be overlooked. Additionally, it is important to prioritize surgical safety by: conducting thorough preoperative evaluations, maintaining close doctor-patient communication, strictly adhering to surgical standards during the operation, and implementing coordinated postoperative management. This article clarifies that \"reversible\" does not mean \"regret-free\", and that safeguarding the best interests of patients is the core responsibility of medical professionals.</p>","PeriodicalId":39688,"journal":{"name":"中华眼科杂志","volume":"61 10","pages":"739-743"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145276224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Safety and efficacy of aspheric phakic IOL implantation in myopia: short-term clinical results].","authors":"X Y Wang, Z Dong, Y Xiong, Y Li, Y Luo, Y B Yang, L Liu, D Lin, Z Wang, L Xiong, G B Zhang, Q S Zhang, X T Zhou, N L Wang","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112142-20250421-00192","DOIUrl":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112142-20250421-00192","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Objective:&lt;/b&gt; To evaluate the clinical safety and efficacy of aspheric phakic intraocular lens (PIOL) implantation for myopia correction. &lt;b&gt;Methods:&lt;/b&gt; This prospective, multicenter, single-blind (patient-masked), randomized, controlled clinical trial was conducted from March 2019 to April 2022 across nine ophthalmic centers (including the Eye & ENT Hospital of Fudan University and Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University). Eligible myopic patients scheduled for PIOL implantation were randomly assigned via a centralized dynamic randomization system to receive either the experimental aspheric PR PIOL or the control V4c implantable Collamer lens. At postoperative 1, 3, and 6 months, the efficacy index (primary endpoint: proportion achieving≥0.8 at 6 months), safety index, uncorrected distance/near visual acuity, best-corrected distance visual acuity, vault, intraocular pressure, corneal endothelial cell density, visual symptoms, and complications of the two groups were compared, with statistical analyses using the independent &lt;i&gt;t&lt;/i&gt;-tests and chi-square tests. &lt;b&gt;Results:&lt;/b&gt; The study enrolled 187 myopic patients (187 eyes), including 47 males (47 eyes) and 140 females (140 eyes), with a mean age of (28.60±5.08) years (range: 25 to 32 years). The experimental group included 91 patients, while the control group included 96 patients. At 6 months postoperatively, the efficacy index was 1.12±0.24 and 1.14±0.21, and the safety index was 1.28±0.26 and 1.26±0.23 in the experimental group and the control group, respectively, with no statistically significant differences between the two groups (both &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;&gt;0.05). The difference in primary endpoint achievement rates was -1.19% [98.81% (83/84) in the experimental group &lt;i&gt;vs.&lt;/i&gt; 100% (86/86) in controls], which exceeded the non-inferiority margin of -10%, demonstrating non-inferiority of the experimental intervention. At 6 months, the experimental group demonstrated uncorrected distance visual acuity of -0.01±0.09 logMAR compared to -0.03±0.08 logMAR in the control group, while best-corrected distance visual acuity was measured at -0.06±0.07 logMAR versus -0.08±0.06 logMAR, with no statistically significant differences observed between groups (both &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;&gt;0.05). Similarly, there were no statistically significant intergroup differences in intraocular pressure and corneal endothelial cell density (both &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;&gt;0.05). At both 1 month and 6 months postoperatively, the differences were significant between the two groups in the central vault and the peripheral-central vault difference (all &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;&lt;0.05); however, no statistically significant difference in the peripheral vault was observed between groups (both &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;&gt;0.05). At 1 month postoperatively, the incidence of glare in the experimental group [24.72% (22/89)] was significantly lower than that in the control group [54.26% (51/94)] (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;&lt;0.05). And there were no statistically significant differences between the two groups","PeriodicalId":39688,"journal":{"name":"中华眼科杂志","volume":"61 10","pages":"760-770"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145276260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Chinese expert consensus on the use of fixed-combination antiglaucoma medications (2025)].","authors":"","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112142-20250417-00185","DOIUrl":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112142-20250417-00185","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Glaucoma, the leading cause of irreversible blindness worldwide, is a chronic and progressive disease requiring lifelong monitoring and treatment. To improve patient adherence and ensure the safe and effective use of multiple medications in the glaucoma management, fixed-combination antiglaucoma medications have emerged as a key therapeutic trend. In 2019, the Glaucoma Group of Ophthalmology Branch of Chinese Medical Association established a consensus on the use of fixed-combination antiglaucoma medications. Upon this foundation, updated consensus recommendations have been formulated through collaboration with the Glaucoma Group of Chinese Ophthalmologist Association. This revision incorporates a comprehensive review of domestic and international research advances over the past five years, along with clinical data analysis and in-depth discussions, aiming to further standardize the clinical practice associated with glaucoma.</p>","PeriodicalId":39688,"journal":{"name":"中华眼科杂志","volume":"61 ","pages":"748-753"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144849313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Treatment approaches for affected eyes in hospitalized patients with acute primary angle-closure glaucoma: a multicenter retrospective analysis].","authors":"X J Wang, A J Tian, S D Zhang, B Qu, L J Zhao, X J Pan, P Lyu, X Q Chang, L Yang, S P Ha, J B Wang, J G Yang, X H Wang, P Yao, Y X Yang, W Z Zhou, L Yu, J T Zhang, H B Cai, J H Li, Y H Jiang, Z X Cheng, Z X Ding, S Y Xiong, X L Zheng, J Yin, X Lyu, Y C Wang, Q S Ge, Y D Wang, Y C Zhang, Z M Shen, H J Liu, S S Liu, Y K Xue, J P Gong, J Y Lyu, Y C Liu, Z Y Wang, M Y Liu, C Q Lin, X J He, Y W Tang, C Ye, Y B Liang","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112142-20241031-00490","DOIUrl":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112142-20241031-00490","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective:</b> To investigate the treatment approaches for attacking eyes in patients with clinical acute primary angle-closure glaucoma (APACG) and their alignment with the recommendations in the <i>Chinese Glaucoma Guidelines (2020)</i>. <b>Methods:</b> A cross-sectional study was conducted, including medical records of consecutive inpatients diagnosed with APACG from 22 ophthalmic centers nationwide during three periods: September 7, 2020, to January 6, 2021; September 7, 2021, to January 6, 2022; and September 7, 2022, to January 6, 2023. For patients meeting the inclusion criteria in both eyes, the right eye was uniformly selected for analysis. Demographic characteristics, medical history, and ocular examination data were collected. Patients were categorized into medication group, laser treatment group, and surgical treatment group based on their final treatment after admission. The proportion of different treatment approaches and their consistency with the <i>Chinese Glaucoma Guidelines (2020)</i> were analyzed. Statistical analysis was performed using the chi-square test. <b>Results:</b> A total of 2 567 patients (2 567 eyes) with APACG were included, with a mean age of (66.7±9.3) years. Among them, 615 (24.0%) were male and 1 952 (76.0%) were female; 1 431 eyes (55.7%) were right eyes and 1 136 eyes (44.3%) were left eyes. There were 83 eyes (3.2%) in the medication group, 256 eyes (10.0%) in the laser treatment group, and 2 228 eyes (86.8%) in the surgical treatment group. In the surgical treatment group, 1 951 eyes (87.6%) underwent cataract extraction, and 1, 300 eyes (58.3%) received phacoemulsification combined with goniosynechialysis as the preferred surgical approach. The rate of complete consistency between the treatment regimens and the recommendations in the <i>Chinese Glaucoma Guidelines (2020)</i> was 52.4% (1 344/2 567), and the rate of partial consistency was 40.3% (1 035/2 567). <b>Conclusions:</b> Phacoemulsification combined with goniosynechialysis has become the mainstream surgical approach for treating attacking eyes in APACG patients in China. Over 90% of APACG patients received treatment consistent with the <i>Chinese Glaucoma Guidelines (2020)</i>.</p>","PeriodicalId":39688,"journal":{"name":"中华眼科杂志","volume":"61 9","pages":"667-676"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145024393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Chinese expert consensus on the diagnosis and treatment of primary angle-closure glaucoma (2025)].","authors":"","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112142-20250609-00270","DOIUrl":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112142-20250609-00270","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Primary angle-closure glaucoma (PACG) is a prevalent clinical condition. In 2019, the Glaucoma Group of Ophthalmology Branch of Chinese Medical Association released the consensus opinions on the diagnosis and treatment of PACG, providing crucial guidance for clinical practice. Since significant new research on PACG has emerged over the past five years, both the Glaucoma Group of Ophthalmology Branch of Chinese Medical Association and the Glaucoma Group of Chinese Ophthalmologist Association have collaborated to conduct extensive evidence-based discussions to attain an updated consensus on the classification, diagnostic approaches, and treatment principles for PACG in China, which may serve as a reference for clinical practitioners.</p>","PeriodicalId":39688,"journal":{"name":"中华眼科杂志","volume":"61 9","pages":"652-660"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145024405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Analysis of the current research status and trends in retinal vein occlusion based on bibliometrics].","authors":"Y Y Su, Z Q Hu, W Q Weng, Y H Gu, Y B Feng, B B Cheng, N H Jiang","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112142-20241103-00492","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn112142-20241103-00492","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective:</b> To assess the current research status of retinal vein occlusion (RVO) and to explore its research trends and hotspots based on bibliometrics. <b>Methods:</b> A bibliometric study was conducted on April 25, 2024, retrieving articles from China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang, and Web of Science Core Collection covering 2014 to 2023. CiteSpace, VOSviewer, and Microsoft Excel were used for visualization and analysis of annual publications, country distribution, author productivity, journals, cited references, and keywords. <b>Results:</b> A total of 1 929 articles in Chinese and 2 764 international publications were identified. The ophthalmology journals dominated the publication venues. <i>Retina-The Journal of Retinal and Vitreous Diseases</i> published the highest number of foreign-language articles (<i>n</i>=178), accounting for 6.44% of the international literature analyzed. <i>International Eye Science</i> published the highest number of Chinese-language articles (<i>n</i>=140), accounting for 7.26% of the Chinese literature analyzed. Research on RVO followed an interdisciplinary development pattern, with research hotspots primarily focused on ophthalmology, molecular biology, and immunology. The U.S. produced the largest volume of papers (659), followed by China (481), while France achieved the highest citation impact (average 28.19 citations per article). Akitaka Tsujikawa was the most prolific foreign author (41 papers, 479 citations, average 10.89 citations per paper). The keyword analysis extracted 373 and 823 keywords from the Chinese and foreign literature, respectively, with major bursts in 2015 and 2020. The early studies focused on clinical and pathological features; recent research emphasized molecular mechanisms, novel drugs, and therapies. The keyword clustering identified 17 and 6 significant clusters in the Chinese and foreign literature, respectively. The topics such as macular edema, ranibizumab, vascular endothelial growth factor, and quality of life emerged in 2015 and remained as central priorities. <b>Conclusion:</b> RVO and macular edema are primary research foci both domestically and internationally. Macular edema, ranibizumab, vascular endothelial growth factor, and quality of life have become enduring hotspots within the field of RVO research over the past decade.</p>","PeriodicalId":39688,"journal":{"name":"中华眼科杂志","volume":"61 9","pages":"706-714"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145024381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Stiffness of scleral fibroblasts and extracellular matrix remodeling in models of cellular senescence].","authors":"W H Zhang, Z Y Zhu, J M Cao, F Zhang","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112142-20250204-00049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn112142-20250204-00049","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective:</b> To explore the effects of aging on the stiffness of human scleral fibroblast (HSF) and the remodeling of the extracellular matrix. <b>Methods:</b> This experimental study was conducted from January 2022 to June 2024. HSFs were cultured, and after cell passage, β-galactosidase staining was conducted. The expression levels of aging markers P16 and P21 were detected through Western blotting. To establish a replicative aging model of HSF, cells were divided into two groups: the 4th generation cells as the young control group and the 16th generation cells as the aging experimental group. Atomic force microscopy was used to measure the stiffness of the cell bodies and the extracellular matrix produced by both groups, expressed as Young's modulus, a measure of stiffness. The biological characteristics, including cell contractility, and the expression of extracellular matrix-related proteins in both groups were assessed through collagen gel contraction experiments and Western blotting. The expression levels of protein cross-linking indicators-lysyl oxidase (LOX), lysyl oxidase-like protein 1 (LOXL1), and transglutaminase (TGM2)-were measured at both mRNA and protein levels using quantitative real-time PCR and Western blotting. Statistical analysis was performed using independent samples <i>t</i>-test and Mann-Whitney <i>U</i> test. <b>Results:</b> HSF successfully established a replicative senescence model after passage, and when the cells were passed to the 16th generation, the positive rate of β-galactosidase staining significantly increased, the cell doubling time was prolonged, and the expression of p16 protein in the senescence experimental group (1.40±0.05) was higher than that in the young control group (0.87±0.11); the expression of p21 protein in the senescence experimental group (1.13±0.12) was higher than that in the young control group (0.79±0.04), with statistically significant differences (all <i>P</i><0.05). The Young's modulus of the cell bodies in the senescent group [2.259 (1.971, 2.745) kPa] was higher than that in the young control group [1.268 (1.068, 1.489) kPa]. Likewise, the Young's modulus of the extracellular matrix in the senescent group [13.598 (9.073, 17.352) kPa] was higher than that in the young control group [10.050 (6.633, 14.999) kPa], with statistically significant differences (both <i>P</i><0.001). The collagen gel contraction ability of the senescent group was lower than that of the young control group after 12, 24, 36, and 48 hours of culture, with values of 0.803±0.015, 0.773±0.021, 0.713±0.015, and 0.697±0.015 compared to 0.880±0.010, 0.833±0.015, 0.820±0.010, and 0.803±0.006, respectively. These differences were statistically significant (all <i>P</i><0.05). After 48 hours of culture, the migration distance of cells in the senescence experimental group [(73.33±4.16) μm] was lower than that in the young control group [(187.33±3.06) μm], with a statistically significant difference (<i>P</i><0","PeriodicalId":39688,"journal":{"name":"中华眼科杂志","volume":"61 9","pages":"677-685"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145024368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Research progress on pathologic myopic macular atrophy].","authors":"J X Wang, W B Wei","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112142-20241018-00462","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn112142-20241018-00462","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pathological myopia is one of the primary causes of irreversible visual loss in the population. Myopic maculopathy represents a key feature of pathological myopia, among which macular atrophy is the main contributor to severe visual impairment. The specific mechanism underlying the development of macular atrophy remains unclear. Studies have demonstrated that the formation and progression of choroidal neovascularization are closely linked to the onset of macular atrophy. To date, no effective therapeutic interventions have been identified to delay or reverse the progression of macular atrophy.</p>","PeriodicalId":39688,"journal":{"name":"中华眼科杂志","volume":"61 9","pages":"724-727"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145024327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[The role of the HIF-1 signaling pathway in retinal ganglion cell injury caused by the <i>OPTN</i> (E50K) mutation].","authors":"Q M Yuan, X N Liu, L Y Qiu, Y F Zhang, H P Yuan","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112142-20250526-00248","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn112142-20250526-00248","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Objective:&lt;/b&gt; To explore the role and mechanism of the hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) pathway in rat retinal precursor R28 cell injury caused by the &lt;i&gt;OPTN&lt;/i&gt; (E50K) mutation. &lt;b&gt;Methods:&lt;/b&gt; This experimental study was conducted from November 2023 to October 2024. The retinas of 18-month-old wild-type (WT) mice and normal tension glaucoma mice with the &lt;i&gt;OPTN&lt;/i&gt; (E50K) mutation were extracted for proteomic analysis. In vitro models carrying the genes of green fluorescent protein (&lt;i&gt;GFP&lt;/i&gt;), &lt;i&gt;GFP-OPTN&lt;/i&gt; (WT) and &lt;i&gt;GFP-OPTN&lt;/i&gt; (E50K) were constructed by transfecting R28 cells with adeno-associated viruses. Western blotting and PCR were used to detect the protein and mRNA expressions of apoptotic index B-lymphocytoma-2-associated X protein (BAX), HIF-1α, and energy metabolism enzymes including glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1) and lactate dehydrogenase A (LDHA). R28 cells were treated with the HIF-1α inhibitor Lificiguat at concentrations of 0, 25, 50, 75 and 100 μmol/L for 12, 24 and 48 hours, respectively. According to the cell counting kit-8 detection results, 75 μmol/L Lificiguat was selected to treat the cells for 24 hours. The protein and mRNA expression changes of HIF-1α, GLUT1, LDHA and BAX were detected after the addition of Lificiguat. The statistical analysis was performed using the one-way analysis of variance and Tukey test. &lt;b&gt;Results:&lt;/b&gt; There were 1 564 differentially expressed proteins in the retinas of mice in the experimental group compared with those in the control group, and these were significantly enriched in the HIF-1 signaling pathway. The protein expression levels of BAX, HIF-1α, GLUT1 and LDHA in &lt;i&gt;OPTN&lt;/i&gt; (E50K) mutant R28 cells were 1.28±0.15, 1.54±0.21, 1.28±0.15 and 1.20±0.16, respectively. They were significantly increased compared with those in R28 cells transfected with the &lt;i&gt;GFP-OPTN&lt;/i&gt; (WT) gene (0.96±0.04, 0.87±0.07, 0.90±0.10, 0.87±0.02; all &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;&lt;0.05). The mRNA expression levels of BAX, HIF-1α, GLUT1 and LDHA in &lt;i&gt;OPTN&lt;/i&gt; (E50K) mutant R28 cells were 1.20±0.06, 2.89±0.21, 2.37±0.22 and 1.27±0.22, respectively. They were also significantly increased compared with those in R28 cells transfected with the &lt;i&gt;GFP-OPTN&lt;/i&gt; (WT) gene (0.87±0.14, 0.88±0.23, 1.24±0.18, 0.94±0.07; all &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;&lt;0.05). The protein expression levels of HIF-1α, LDHA and BAX in &lt;i&gt;OPTN&lt;/i&gt; (E50K) mutant R28 cells treated with Lificiguat were 0.62±0.11, 0.65±0.15 and 0.76±0.03, respectively. They were significantly decreased compared with those in &lt;i&gt;OPTN&lt;/i&gt; (E50K) mutant R28 cells untreated with Lificiguat (0.88±0.04, 0.92±0.04, 1.08±0.07; all &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;&lt;0.05). The mRNA expression levels of HIF-1α, LDHA and BAX in &lt;i&gt;OPTN&lt;/i&gt; (E50K) mutant R28 cells treated with Lificiguat were 1.06±0.06, 1.11±0.14 and 1.01±0.01, respectively. They were also significantly decreased compared with those in &lt;i&gt;OPTN&lt;/i&gt; (E50K) mutant R28 cells untreated with Lificiguat (1.34±0.09, 1.45±0.14, 1.12±0.00; all &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;&lt;0.05). The prot","PeriodicalId":39688,"journal":{"name":"中华眼科杂志","volume":"61 9","pages":"686-696"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145024345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Experimental optimization of paraffin sectioning techniques for the eyeball].","authors":"F F Huang, M M Du, N Gao, J X Wu, Y G Xiang, S J Zheng, W J Wan, K Hu","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112142-20241109-00497","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn112142-20241109-00497","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Objective:&lt;/b&gt; To explore optimized protocols for paraffin section preparation of the eyeball to enhance the histological visualization of key ocular structures. &lt;b&gt;Methods:&lt;/b&gt; It was an experimental research, conducted from September 2022 to September 2024. The first experiment involved 18 porcine eyeballs, which were divided into five groups (six subgroups) by the random number table method. Three fixatives were tested: Davidson's solution (Davidson group), a mixture of 1% paraformaldehyde and 1.25% glutaraldehyde (mixed solution group), and 4% paraformaldehyde (formaldehyde group). Each fixative was applied at room temperature and 4 ℃, respectively. Hematoxylin and eosin-stained paraffin sections were prepared and evaluated for basic quality and morphological conditions of the cornea, lens, anterior chamber angle, ciliary body, Zinn's zonule, sclera, and retina. In the second experiment, 33 porcine eyeballs were divided into 4 groups (11 subgroups) by the random number table method to assess the effects of different pre-fixation treatments. The section quality was scored and compared among the groups of commonly used clinical dissection methods, standard anatomical procedures, hemisected eyeballs, and untreated controls. The optimal pre-treatment and fixation conditions were then validated using six human eyeballs (three from elderly males and three from male adolescents). Statistical analyses were performed using the Kruskal-Wallis &lt;i&gt;H&lt;/i&gt; test, Dunn test, Bonferroni correction, paired-sample &lt;i&gt;t&lt;/i&gt;-test, and Mann-Whitney &lt;i&gt;U&lt;/i&gt; test. &lt;b&gt;Results:&lt;/b&gt; The Davidson group exhibited a rough globe surface, opacified lens, and blackened sclera. In contrast, the mixed solution group maintained a smooth surface, yellowing of the cornea and sclera, and lens transparency. The formaldehyde group also had a smooth surface, but the lenses appeared slightly opaque. The mixed solution group showed significantly higher scores for lens morphology (8.00±1.95) and Zinn's zonule (3.17±1.27) than the Davidson group (6.17±1.03 and 1.83±0.94, both &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;&lt;0.05), and for Zinn's zonule and retinal morphology (5.58±1.83) compared to the formaldehyde group (1.50±0.67 and 2.92±0.79, both &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;&lt;0.05). The anterior segment total score (27.67±4.74) was significantly higher in the mixed solution group than the Davidson group (22.83±2.98, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;&lt;0.05). The anterior segment total score and overall section quality score (40.58±7.53) were significantly higher in the mixed solution group than the formaldehyde group (23.17±3.04 and 32.42±4.01, both &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;&lt;0.05). The 4 ℃ fixation condition yielded better preservation of Zinn's zonule (2.50±1.04) compared to room temperature fixation (1.83±1.29, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;&lt;0.05). Among the pre-treatment methods, the clinical approach group achieved higher scores in ciliary body (7.04±1.30), Zinn's zonule (2.96±0.95), sclera (6.63±1.38), retina (5.17±1.58), and total section quality (36.75±4.63), compared to hemisected specimens","PeriodicalId":39688,"journal":{"name":"中华眼科杂志","volume":"61 9","pages":"697-705"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145024358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}