NCHS data brief最新文献

{"title":"Drug Overdose Deaths in the United States, 2003–2023","authors":"Matthew F Garnett, Arialdi M Miniño","doi":"10.15620/cdc/170565","DOIUrl":"10.15620/cdc/170565","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>This report presents rates of drug overdose deaths from the National Vital Statistics System by demographic group and by the type of drugs involved (specifically, opioids and stimulants), with a focus on changes from 2022 to 2023.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data were analyzed using National Vital Statistics System multiple cause-of-death mortality files for 2003 through 2023, drug poisoning (overdose) deaths were defined as having an <i>International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision</i> (ICD-10) underlying cause-of-death code of X40-X44 (unintentional), X60-X64 (suicide), X85 (homicide), or Y10-Y14 (undetermined intent). The type of drug(s) involved was indicated by ICD-10 multiple cause-of-death codes: T40.1 (heroin), T40.2 (natural and semisynthetic opioids), T40.3 (methadone), T40.4 (synthetic opioids other than methadone), T40.5 (cocaine), and T43.6 (psychostimulants with abuse potential). Age-adjusted death rates were calculated using the direct method and the 2000 U.S. standard population. Pairwise comparisons of were conducted using the z test with an alpha level of 0.05, and trends were assessed using the Joinpoint Regression Program (5.0.2).</p><p><strong>Key findings: </strong>The age-adjusted rate of drug overdose deaths decreased from 32.6 deaths per 100,000 standard population in 2022, to 31.3 in 2023. Rates decreased between 2022 and 2023 for people ages 15-54 and increased for adults 55 and older. From 2022 to 2023, rates decreased for White non-Hispanic people, while rates for other race and Hispanic groups generally stayed the same or increased. From 2022 to 2023, rates declined for deaths involving synthetic opioids other than methadone, heroin, and natural and semisynthetic opioids, remained statistically unchanged for methadone, and increased by 4.9% for cocaine (from 8.2 to 8.6) and by 1.9% for psychostimulants with abuse potential (from 10.4 to 10.6).</p>","PeriodicalId":39458,"journal":{"name":"NCHS data brief","volume":" 522","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12278041/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144585200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Emergency Department Visits With an Influenza Test Ordered or Provided: United States, 2013-2022.","authors":"Susan M Schappert, Loredana Santo","doi":"CS355216","DOIUrl":"CS355216","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Influenza, also known as flu, is a viral respiratory infection. In the 2022-2023 flu season, an estimated 31 million people developed influenza, 360,000 were hospitalized with influenza, and 21,000 died from influenza. To prevent more serious illness, early identification and treatment of influenza is important. This report uses data from the National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey (NHAMCS) to study trends in the use of influenza testing at hospital emergency department (ED)visits from 2013 through 2022.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data in this report are from NHAMCS, a nationally representative annual survey of nonfederal general and short-stay hospitals. Results are presented from 2013 to 2022. Estimates and their corresponding variances were calculated using SAS-callable SUDAAN software. Differences between percentages were evaluated using two-sided significance  <i>t</i>  tests at the 0.05 level. Linear regression was used to test the significance of slope.</p><p><strong>Key findings: </strong>ED visits by children ages 0-5 years had the highest percentage of influenza tests ordered or provided in 2013 and 2022. Percentages of ED visits with an influenza test ordered or provided increased between 2013 and 2022 for all age groups. Fever and cough were the most frequent first-listed reasons for ED visits at which an influenza test was ordered or provided in both 2013 and 2022. Percentages of ED visits with an influenza test ordered or provided increased within each region of the United States (Northeast, Midwest, South, and West) between 2013 and 2022.</p>","PeriodicalId":39458,"journal":{"name":"NCHS data brief","volume":" 517","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12104849/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144112268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Emergency Department Visits With an Influenza Test Ordered or Provided: United States, 2013-2022.","authors":"Susan M Schappert, Loredana Santo","doi":"10.15620/cdc/168516","DOIUrl":"10.15620/cdc/168516","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Influenza, also known as flu, is a viral respiratory infection. In the 2022-2023 flu season, an estimated 31 million people developed influenza, 360,000 were hospitalized with influenza, and 21,000 died from influenza. To prevent more serious illness, early identification and treatment of influenza is important. This report uses data from the National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey (NHAMCS) to study trends in the use of influenza testing at hospital emergency department (ED)visits from 2013 through 2022.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data in this report are from NHAMCS, a nationally representative annual survey of nonfederal general and short-stay hospitals. Results are presented from 2013 to 2022. Estimates and their corresponding variances were calculated using SAS-callable SUDAAN software. Differences between percentages were evaluated using two-sided significance  <i>t</i>  tests at the 0.05 level. Linear regression was used to test the significance of slope.</p><p><strong>Key findings: </strong>ED visits by children ages 0-5 years had the highest percentage of influenza tests ordered or provided in 2013 and 2022. Percentages of ED visits with an influenza test ordered or provided increased between 2013 and 2022 for all age groups. Fever and cough were the most frequent first-listed reasons for ED visits at which an influenza test was ordered or provided in both 2013 and 2022. Percentages of ED visits with an influenza test ordered or provided increased within each region of the United States (Northeast, Midwest, South, and West) between 2013 and 2022.</p>","PeriodicalId":39458,"journal":{"name":"NCHS data brief","volume":" 517","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12104849/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144267561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anemia Prevalence: United States, August 2021-August 2023.","authors":"Anne M Williams, Nicholas Ansai, Namanjeet Ahluwalia, Duong T Nguyen","doi":"10.15620/cdc/168890","DOIUrl":"10.15620/cdc/168890","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>This report provides estimates of anemia prevalence during August 2021âAugust 2023 by sex, age, race and Hispanic origin, and poverty income ratio, a measure of family income.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data from the August 2021âAugust 2023 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were used to calculate anemia prevalence for people age 2 years and older using phlebotomy sample weights. Anemia was defined as hemoglobin (Hb) less than 11.0 g/dL for children ages 2â4; Hb less than 11.5 g/dL for children 5â11; Hb less than 12.0 g/dL for children 12â14 and females 15 and older, and Hb less than 13.0 g/dL for males 15 and older. Differences between estimates overall and among subgroups were evaluated using t tests at the 0.05 level. Linear regression was used to test the significance of a linear trend by family income. All analyses accounted for the surveyâs complex, multistage probability design.</p><p><strong>Key findings: </strong>During August 2021âAugust 2023, the overall prevalence of anemia in people age 2 and older was 9.3%, and prevalence was higher in females (13.0%) than in males (5.5%). The prevalence of anemia in Black non-Hispanic people was higher than in all other race and Hispanic-origin groups. Anemia prevalence increased with decreasing income overall. In all race and Hispanic-origin groups and income groups, females had higher anemia prevalence than males.</p>","PeriodicalId":39458,"journal":{"name":"NCHS data brief","volume":" 519","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12035658/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143574223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Receipt of Family Planning Services in the United States: 2022-2023.","authors":"Gladys Martinez","doi":"10.15620/cdc/169629","DOIUrl":"10.15620/cdc/169629","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>This report uses data from the 2022‒2023 National Survey of Family Growth (NSFG) to estimate receipt of family planning services by selected characteristics among females ages 15‒49 in the United States.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>NSFG data were collected through a multi-mode design (in-person and web interviews) with a nationally representative samples of males and females ages 15-49 in the household population of the United States. This report uses data from 5,586 females who completed the survey between January 2022 and December 2023.</p><p><strong>Key findings: </strong>During 2022‒2023, 35.7% of females ages 15‒49 received a family planning service in the past 12 months. A larger percentage of White, non-Hispanic females ages 15‒49 received a family planning service (39.7%) compared with Black, non-Hispanic (34.7%) and Hispanic (32.4%) females.</p>","PeriodicalId":39458,"journal":{"name":"NCHS data brief","volume":" 520","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11744434/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142956517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mortality in the United States, 2023.","authors":"Sherry L Murphy, Kenneth D Kochanek, Jiaquan Xu, Elizabeth Arias","doi":"10.15620/cdc/170564","DOIUrl":"10.15620/cdc/170564","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>This report presents final 2023 U.S. mortality data on deaths and death rates by variables such as sex, age, race and Hispanic origin, and cause of death.</p><p><strong>Key findings: </strong>Life expectancy for the U.S. population in 2023 was 78.4 years, an increase of 0.9 year from 2022. The age-adjusted death rate decreased by 6.0% from 798.8 deaths per 100,000 standard population in 2022 to 750.5 in 2023. Age-specific death rates decreased from 2022 to 2023 for all age groups 5 years and older.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The data shown in this report reflect information collected by the National Center for Health Statistics for 2022 and 2023 from death certificates filed in all 50 states and the District of Columbia and compiled into national data known as the National Vital Statistics System. The race and Hispanic-origin groups shown in this report follow the 1997 Office of Management and Budget standards and differ from the bridged-race categories shown in reports for data years before 2018.</p>","PeriodicalId":39458,"journal":{"name":"NCHS data brief","volume":" 521","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11770397/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143013555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Infant Mortality in the United States: Provisional Data From the 2023 Period Linked Birth/Infant Death File.","authors":"Danielle M Ely, Anne K Driscoll","doi":"CS355009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/CS355009","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This report presents provisional 2023 data on infant mortality rates using the U.S. linked birth/infant death files. Infant mortality rates are shown by infant age at death, maternal race and Hispanic origin, maternal age, gestational age, sex of the newborn, maternal state of residence, and the 10 leading causes of infant death.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data are from the period linked birth/infant death files, which link infant deaths with the corresponding birth certificates. Comparisons are made between provisional 2023 and final 2022 data. The linked birth/infant files are based on 100% of birth certificates and 98%-99% of infant death certificates registered in all states and the District of Columbia. For 2023, 1.2% of infant deaths remained unlinked. Infant deaths in states with less than 100% of infant death records linked to their respective birth records are weighted.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In 2023, the U.S. provisional infant mortality rate was 5.61 infant deaths per 1,000 live births, unchanged from the rate in 2022. From 2022 to 2023, changes in the neonatal mortality rate (from 3.59 to 3.65) and the postneonatal mortality rate (from 2.02 to 1.96) were not statistically significant. Changes in infant mortality rates were not significant by most of the characteristics examined: maternal race and Hispanic origin, maternal age, gestational age, sex, or the 10 leading causes of infant death. By state, infant mortality rates increased in Nevada and Washington and declined in New Mexico and West Virginia.</p>","PeriodicalId":39458,"journal":{"name":"NCHS data brief","volume":" 37","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142789676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Total and High-density Lipoprotein Cholesterol in Adults: United States, August 2021-August 2023.","authors":"Margaret D Carroll, Cheryl D Fryar, Jane A Gwira, Marisol Iniguez","doi":"10.15620/cdc/165796","DOIUrl":"10.15620/cdc/165796","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>This report presents prevalence of high total cholesterol and low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) by sex and age group for adults age 20 and older from the August 2021-August 2023 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Trends in the prevalence of high total cholesterol and low HDL-C are also presented.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data from the August 2021-August 2023 NHANES were used to estimate the prevalence of high total cholesterol (240 mg/dL or higher) and low HDL-C (less than 40 mg/dL). NHANES's complex, multistage probability sample is representative of the U.S. civilian noninstitutionalized population. The prevalence of high total cholesterol and low HDL-C were calculated using survey weights. Standard errors were estimated using Taylor series linearization, a method that accounts for the complex sample design. Differences between groups were tested using a <i>t</i> statistic at the <i>p</i> < 0.05 significance level. Linear trends for subgroups were tested using orthogonal contrast matrices, and linear and nonlinear trends over time were tested using JoinPoint software and linear regression, accounting for unequal duration and spacing of survey cycles.</p><p><strong>Key findings: </strong>During August 2021-August 2023, the prevalence of high total cholesterol was 11.3% in adults, with no significant difference between men and women overall. The prevalence of high total cholesterol was higher in adults ages 40-59 (16.7%) than in adults ages 20-39 (6.0%) and 60 and older (11.3%). The prevalence was lower in adults ages 20-39 compared with adults 60 and older. The pattern by age was different in men than in women. The prevalence of low HDL-C in adults was 13.8%, was higher in men (21.5%) than in women (6.6%) overall, and declined with increasing age for both men and women. High total cholesterol prevalence declined from 1999-2000 to 2013-2014 and remained stable through August 2021-August 2023. Low HDL-C prevalence declined from 2007-2008 to August 2021-August 2023.</p>","PeriodicalId":39458,"journal":{"name":"NCHS data brief","volume":" 515","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11726265/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142923606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of Total, Diagnosed, and Undiagnosed Diabetes in Adults: United States, August 2021-August 2023.","authors":"Jane A Gwira, Cheryl D Fryar, Qiuping Gu","doi":"10.15620/cdc/165794","DOIUrl":"10.15620/cdc/165794","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>This report presents the prevalence of diagnosed, undiagnosed, and total diabetes in U.S. adults during August 2021-August 2023. Trends in diagnosed, undiagnosed, and total diabetes prevalence in adults from 1999-2000 through August 2021-August 2023 are also shown.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Prevalence of self-reported diagnosed, undiagnosed, and total diabetes was estimated using August 2021-August 2023 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data. Diagnosed diabetes was defined as answering \"yes\" to the question: \"Other than during pregnancy, have you ever been told by a doctor or health professional that you have diabetes or sugar diabetes?\" Undiagnosed diabetes was defined as reporting never receiving a diabetes diagnosis from a healthcare provider and 8- to 24-hour fasting plasma glucose greater than or equal to 126 mg/dL or hemoglobin A1c greater than or equal to 6.5%. Total diabetes was the combined prevalence of diagnosed and undiagnosed diabetes. Standard errors of percentages were estimated using Taylor series linearization. Pairwise differences between groups were evaluated using <i>t</i> statistics, and stated differences were statistically significant at <i>p</i> less than 0.05. Orthogonal contrasts were used to test for linear trends except for trends over time, where a linear regression model was used accounting for the unequal time between survey cycles.</p><p><strong>Key findings: </strong>During August 2021-August 2023, the prevalence of total, diagnosed, and undiagnosed diabetes in U.S. adults was 15.8%, 11.3%, and 4.5%, respectively. The prevalence of total and diagnosed diabetes was higher in men than among women and decreased with increasing educational attainment. The prevalence of total, diagnosed, and undiagnosed diabetes increased with increasing age and increasing weight status. The age-adjusted prevalence of total and diagnosed diabetes increased from 9.7% to 14.3% and from 5.9% to 10.1%, respectively, between 1999-2000 and August 2021-August 2023.No change was seen between 2017-March 2020 and August 2021-August 2023.</p>","PeriodicalId":39458,"journal":{"name":"NCHS data brief","volume":" 516","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12035661/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143630727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Measuring Progress Toward Target Attainment and the Elimination of Health Disparities in Healthy People 2030.","authors":"David T Huang, Allan Uribe, Makram Talih","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The Healthy People initiative provides science-based, 10-year public health objectives and targets for the U.S. population. As in the previous four initiatives, Healthy People 2030 established overarching goals and objectives (with targets) at the start of the decade and will be monitoring progress toward the attainment of targets and elimination of health disparities among population subgroups over the course of the decade.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This report outlines Healthy People 2030 measurement practices for both progress toward target attainment and elimination of disparities and compares the 2030 measurement practices with those that were in place in 2020, highlighting strengths and limitations.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Progress toward target attainment is assessed for the total population. The \"percentage of targeted change achieved\" quantifies movement toward targets, and the \"percentage change from baseline\" can be calculated for all core objectives. Based on the percentage of targeted change achieved or percentage change from baseline, as well as the statistical significance of these measures (when applicable), core objectives in Healthy People 2030 are classified into four mutually exclusive categories: TARGET MET OR EXCEEDED, IMPROVING, LITTLE OR NO DETECTABLE CHANGE, or GETTING WORSE. Disparities at a single timepoint are assessed by a suite of six measures: the between-group rate difference and ratio; summary rate difference and ratio; and maximal rate difference and ratio. To enable comparisons among those six measures, changes in disparities over time are assessed using the percentage change from baseline. Variability (standard errors and 95% confidence intervals) and statistical significance for all six measures, when applicable, are derived using a resampling/bootstrap procedure.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Expanding and building on the approaches to measurement in previous decades, methods to measure progress toward target attainment and elimination of health disparities in Healthy People 2030 represent a further evolution of these methods and address methodological issues and limitations previously identified.</p>","PeriodicalId":39458,"journal":{"name":"NCHS data brief","volume":" 211","pages":"1-33"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12278040/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144508776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}