Political Research Quarterly (formerly WPQ)最新文献

{"title":"The Consequences of Presidential Battleground Strategies for Citizen Engagement","authors":"Jennifer Wolak","doi":"10.1177/106591290605900303","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/106591290605900303","url":null,"abstract":"How consequential is residence in a presidential battleground state for how people engage in politics? I explore the effects of battleground strategies for campaign exposure, voter interest, political discussion, learning, and participation in the presidential campaign. I also consider the sources of battleground influence, including the campaign efforts of presidential candidates and particular partisan nature of battleground states. Using survey data from the 1992, 1996, and 2000 National Election Studies in conjunction with measures of state campaign context, I find that the effects of battleground environments are limited. Neither levels of campaign interest nor rates of political discussion are affected by presidential campaign intensity. While television advertising promotes learning and participation, battleground influence on the intention to vote reflects the partisan environment of a state rather than advertising or events sponsored by the presidential candidates.","PeriodicalId":394472,"journal":{"name":"Political Research Quarterly (formerly WPQ)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122156927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reprint of Correction: Does State Political Ideology Change over Time?","authors":"Paul Brace, Kevin Arceneaux, Martin Johnson, S. Ulbig","doi":"10.1177/106591290605900316","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/106591290605900316","url":null,"abstract":"PAUL BRACE, RICE UNIVERSITY KEVIN ARCENEAUX, TEMPLE UNIVERSITY MARTIN JOHNSON, UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, RIVERSIDE STACY G. ULBIG, MISSOURI STATE UNIVERSITY We recently became aware of a computation error in correlations appearing in footnote 9 on page 536 in our recent article in this journal.1 In searching for the cause of these errors, we became aware that Berry, Ringquist, Fording, and Hanson have produced a series of corrections of their ideology measure, which we use for these correlations and other analysis. The corrected versions of their measures are archived at http://webapp. icpsr.umich.edu/cocoon/ICPSR-STUDY/01208.xml. The primary source of the correlation errors we discovered was a file merging error on our part restricted to the dataset designed to produce the correlations between the Berry et al. measure (1998) and the other ideology measures reported in footnote 9. We recomputed the correlation using their revised measure and correcting our merge procedure with the other measures of ideology to produce the following Spearman's correlations: The Berry et al. (1998) measure is more highly correlated with the Erikson, Wright, and Mclver (Wright 2001) measure and our out-of-sample GSS/ANES state ideology timeseries than we originally reported in our footnote 9. We gratefully acknowledge Evan Ringquist for correspondence that led us to reconsider the correlations in this footnote and the corrected Berry et al. data. Concerned that the corrected Berry et al. measure could produce fundamentally different results concerning intrastate ideological change (one of our primary interests in the paper), we re-analyzed these data to reconsider hypotheses concerning linear, curvilinear, or cyclic patterns of changes in political ideology at the state level. In revisiting our analysis of Berry, et al, data, we discovered an estimation error which affected coefficients on the original table, but not the inferences we drew from it. We replace Table 3 using the updated BRFH data and correcting our estimation. Reanalysis of the recently updated Berry et al. measure does not change our fundamental points: There is more cross-sectional than longitudinal variation in the three measures of state ideology and researchers should be cautious not to confuse the effects of cross-sectional differences with longitudinal changes. Replicating the ANOVA estimation we discuss in the original paper using the corrected Berry et al. data, we similarly find that 5.76 percent of the variation in their new data is attributable to longitudinal differences while 77.3 percent of the measures variance is attributable to differences among states. A small number of states (California and West Virginia) have seen systematic changes in state-level political ideology identified using all three measures of political ideology. We regret error in our original article but appreciate the opportunity to reconsider our conclusions in light of corrections Berry et al. have made to their m","PeriodicalId":394472,"journal":{"name":"Political Research Quarterly (formerly WPQ)","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122446623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Queer (Theory) Eye for the Straight (Legal) Guy: Lawrence v. Texas’ Makeover of Bowers v. Hardwick","authors":"Susan Burgess","doi":"10.1177/106591290605900307","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/106591290605900307","url":null,"abstract":"In this article, I distill the complex discourse of queer theory into four claims and then employ those claims to construct an original interpretation of the 2003 decision of Lawrence v. Texas in which the U.S. Supreme Court struck down a Texas law criminalizing same-sex sodomy and overturned the 1986 case of Bowers v. Hardwick. Drawing on the queer performance in the reality television show Queer Eye for the Straight Guy, I characterize Lawrence as a makeover of Bowers. Using Queer Eye’s parody of sexual identity as a model, I offer a parody of judicial power, and conclude that my application of queer theory produces a better account of the complexity of constitutional change and a more savvy understanding of the persistence of power than that which is typically offered in conventional constitutional discourse.","PeriodicalId":394472,"journal":{"name":"Political Research Quarterly (formerly WPQ)","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117285482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Comment on “Correction: Does State Political Ideology Change Over Time?”","authors":"William D. Berry, E. Ringquist, Richard C. Fording, Russell L. Hanson","doi":"10.1177/106591290605900317","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/106591290605900317","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":394472,"journal":{"name":"Political Research Quarterly (formerly WPQ)","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122939534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Picking Their Spots: Minor Party Candidates in Gubernatorial Elections","authors":"Steve B. Lem, C. Dowling","doi":"10.1177/106591290605900314","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/106591290605900314","url":null,"abstract":"Given the institutional bias against minor parties in the U.S., why do minor party candidates run for office? In this article, we seek to answer this question by developing a model of the choice to participate in gubernatorial elections by minor party candidates that takes into account both the political opportunities potential candidates have to participate and the legal hurdles they must overcome to do so. We test our theory using an event count model of the number of minor party candidates in gubernatorial elections from 1982 to 2000. We find that state electoral rules, such as ballot access restrictions, and the level of competition between the two major parties within the state matter the most. In other words, the decision to run as a third party gubernatorial candidate may be an individual one but it is structured in important ways by the institutional environment within which those decisions are made.","PeriodicalId":394472,"journal":{"name":"Political Research Quarterly (formerly WPQ)","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125539702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"External Threats and Political Tolerance in Taiwan","authors":"T. Y. Wang, G. Chang","doi":"10.1177/106591290605900305","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/106591290605900305","url":null,"abstract":"Political tolerance is a significant issue for democracies under external threats. When imposed dangers are felt by citizens of the polity, competitors for political power are likely to believe that they are engaging in political battles of a zero-sum nature, having a life or death consequence. Because Taiwan is under constant military pressure from China, it is an excellent case for an analysis of political tolerance in a democracy that is threatened by external forces. Employing recently collected survey data, this study finds that the majority of Taiwanese residents show a willingness to extend rights of citizenship to others in the polity on the most salient issue that divides them. However, the perceived threats from Beijing’s claims to the island and from the Taiwan independence movement have had negative impacts on the citizens’ level of tolerance. The finding of this study will have important policy implications for Taiwan’s young democracy and will also hold significant theoretical implications for the study of political tolerance under threats.","PeriodicalId":394472,"journal":{"name":"Political Research Quarterly (formerly WPQ)","volume":"56 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115094666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Local Government Autonomy and State Reliance on Special District Governments: A Reassessment","authors":"Jered B. Carr","doi":"10.1177/106591290605900315","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/106591290605900315","url":null,"abstract":"The notion that local government autonomy has important implications for a state’s local government structure is fast approaching conventional wisdom. Negative binomial regression is used to analyze the link between the administrative, fiscal, functional, and structural autonomy permitted to municipal and county governments and the number of special districts in each state over the 1992-2002 period. This pooled analysis reveals that this relationship to befar more limited than previously thought. This study challenges the findings of previous studies showing that limitations on local autonomy strongly encourage a splintering of local government authority due to the creation of numerous special districts. Tax and expenditure limitations (TELs) were the only restrictions that were consistently related to a greater reliance on special district governments, and only when both municipal and county governments were both strongly restricted. For the most part, state reliance on special district governments was unaffected by the extent of restrictions placed on local general-purpose governments with regard to debt and permitted functions.","PeriodicalId":394472,"journal":{"name":"Political Research Quarterly (formerly WPQ)","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126709103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cognitive Style and Political Learning in the 2000 U.S. Presidential Campaign","authors":"Thomas M. Holbrook","doi":"10.1177/106591290605900302","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/106591290605900302","url":null,"abstract":"This article explores the impact of cognitive style, as measured by need to evaluate and need for cognition, on information acquisition during the 2000 U.S. presidential campaign. Using data from the 2000 National Election Study I show that both constructs are related to measures of candidate information, i.e., correct ideological placement, correct policy placement, and number of candidate articulations; but that need to evaluate has a much stronger and more consistent effect than does need for cognition. The implications of these findings are discussed.","PeriodicalId":394472,"journal":{"name":"Political Research Quarterly (formerly WPQ)","volume":"286 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115222398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Role of Group Consciousness in Latino Public Opinion","authors":"Gabriel R. Sanchez","doi":"10.1177/106591290605900311","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/106591290605900311","url":null,"abstract":"The public opinion of the Latino community is an understudied area within the political science literature. This analysis contributes to this literature by investigating the role of group consciousness across both Latino salient and general policy areas utilizing the 1999 Washington Post/Henry J. Kaiser Family Foundation National Survey of Latinos. By including both issue areas that are salient to the Latino community (immigration, bilingual education) as well as those that are not directly tied to Latinos (abortion, death penalty), I test the primary hypothesis that group consciousness has a greater impact on Latino political attitudes across issues that are directly tied to ethnicity than on those that are not. Results from this analysis support the overall theory, as perceived discrimination motivates public opinion toward both immigration and bilingual education, and collective action toward immigration. Among other factors, nativity and the length of time lived in the U.S. have the greatest influence on Latino public opinion.","PeriodicalId":394472,"journal":{"name":"Political Research Quarterly (formerly WPQ)","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121551538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Political, Economic, and Social Consequences of Foreign Military Intervention","authors":"Jeffrey Pickering, Emizet F. Kisangani","doi":"10.1177/106591290605900304","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/106591290605900304","url":null,"abstract":"Foreign military intervention is one of the most common types of interstate military force used over recent decades. As war’s costliness increases and the efficacy of economic sanctions and other foreign policy tools is increasingly questioned, it may become even more prevalent. Unfortunately, the field of international relations has little systematic understanding of the types of impacts such military ventures can have on target states in the developing world. In PCSE AR1 regressions of 106 developing countries from 1960 to 2002, we find that large scale foreign military interventions, which have over 1000 intervening troops, do not leave a significant imprint on governing institutions, economic growth rates, or physical quality of life in developing democracies. The same cannot be said for non-democratic states in the developing world. Hostile interventions can help to democratize non-democratic targets, while rival interventions lay the groundwork for long-term economic growth.","PeriodicalId":394472,"journal":{"name":"Political Research Quarterly (formerly WPQ)","volume":"96 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133920040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}