Environmental Mutagen Research最新文献

The genotoxicological evaluation of several local raw foods extracts on Chang liver cells by Single Cell Electrophoresis Assay 用单细胞电泳法评价几种地方生食提取物对长肝细胞的基因毒理学影响

Environmental Mutagen Research Pub Date : 2005-11-30 DOI: 10.3123/JEMS.27.165

A. Ghazali, N. Rajab, R. Sharif, T. A. Yaakob, F. Arshad

引用次数: 5

The optimized conditions for the in vitro micronucleus (MN) test procedures using chamber slides 优化了载玻片体外微核(MN)检测的条件

Environmental Mutagen Research Pub Date : 2005-11-30 DOI: 10.3123/JEMS.27.145

Mika Yamamoto, A. Motegi, J. Seki, Y. Miyamae

{"title":"The optimized conditions for the in vitro micronucleus (MN) test procedures using chamber slides","authors":"Mika Yamamoto, A. Motegi, J. Seki, Y. Miyamae","doi":"10.3123/JEMS.27.145","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3123/JEMS.27.145","url":null,"abstract":"Optimized conditions for an in vitro micronucleus (MN) test procedure were defined using a chamber slide that enabled the preparation of fine specimens without undergoing complicating procedures using culture dishes. The issues investigated are 1) the effect of slide materials on the adhesion of cells, 2) the number of seeding cells necessary to obtain an adequate number of cells for observation and 3) effects of hypotonic treatment and fixation on the cytoplasmic: nuclear area ratio. In addition, we determined cell viability in each chamber using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. The results of the investigation were as follows: 1) cell adhesion was best using plastic slides, 2) the optimum number of cells for seeding was 6.6×103 cells/cm2, 3) the best condition for hypotonic treatment was incubation in 75 mM KCl at 37°C for 5 min, and 4) the best condition for fixation was treatment of cells twice for about 2 min in icecold methanol containing 6% acetic acid. Finally, the result of the MTT assay correlated with the number of viable cells in chamber as determined by the trypan blue dye exclusion assay.An in vitro MN test was conducted under these conditions using the known clastogens, Mitomycin C and dimethylnitrosamine. These clastogens dose-dependently induced a significant increase in the number of micronucleated cells with positive responses at concentrations approximately 10 times lower than those of the chromosomal aberration test. On the other hand, the frequency of micronucleated cells in the solvent control was stable and low (0.4-1.7%). These results indicated that the in vitro MN test has a high level of sensitivity to clastogens.It was concluded that the in vitro MN test using chamber slides is a rapid, simple and sensitive method to detect clastogens.","PeriodicalId":394432,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Mutagen Research","volume":"16 2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114036643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

Suppressive effect of (-)-epigallocatechin gallate on 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene-induced chromosome aberrations in rat bone marrow cells (-)-表没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯对7,12-二甲基苯[a]蒽诱导的大鼠骨髓细胞染色体畸变的抑制作用

Environmental Mutagen Research Pub Date : 2005-11-30 DOI: 10.3123/JEMS.27.177

Yoshiaki Ito

{"title":"Suppressive effect of (-)-epigallocatechin gallate on 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene-induced chromosome aberrations in rat bone marrow cells","authors":"Yoshiaki Ito","doi":"10.3123/JEMS.27.177","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3123/JEMS.27.177","url":null,"abstract":"The suppressive effect of (-)-epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), the major polyphenolic constituent present in green tea, on 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA)-induced chromosome aberrations (CA) in rat bone marrow cells was studied. Rats given EGCG before the DMBA injection displayed a considerably suppressed frequency of DMBA-induced CA in their bone marrow cells. The suppressive effect of EGCG (60 mg/kg body weight) given 24 h before was observed 24, 30, 48 and 72 h after the DMBA injection, but not at the early period (6, 12 and 18 h) after the DMBA treatment. On the other hand, EGCG (60 mg/kg body weight) given 0.5 h before DMBA suppressed DMBA-induced CA at all periods after the DMBA injection. The suppression of EGCG given 24 h or 0.5 h before was observed for all doses of DMBA (25, 50, 75 and 100 mg/kg) investigated. EGCG given at 60 mg/kg body weight 0.5 h before the DMBA injection showed greater suppressive effect than the same dose given 24 h before. The suppressive effect of EGCG given 0.5 h before was dosedependent in the range of 20-60 mg/kg body weight. Methyl methanesulfonate (MMS: direct-acting carcinogen)-induced CA were not suppressed by EGCG.The administration of dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), a typical substrate for hydroxysteroid sulfotransferases, 0.5 h before DMBA injection also significantly suppressed DMBA-induced CA but DHEA given 24 h before did not.These results suggest that EGCG has two different suppression mechanisms for DMBA-induced CA depending on the administration time. The suppression of DMBA-induced CA by EGCG given 24 h or 0.5 h before may result from the modification of microsomal enzyme system or the inhibition of sulfotransferase activity by EGCG, respectively.","PeriodicalId":394432,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Mutagen Research","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130303109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Evaluation of the cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of goniothalamin in leukemic cell lines 卵泡胺对白血病细胞系的细胞毒性和基因毒性作用的评价

Environmental Mutagen Research Pub Date : 2005-11-30 DOI: 10.3123/JEMS.27.161

N. Rajab, Zariyantey Abd Hamid, Hunaizah Hassan, A. Ali, L. Din, S. Inayat-Hussain

引用次数: 21

Discrimination between DNA-protein and DNA-DNA crosslinks using proteinase K in the alkaline single cell gel (SCG) assay 碱性单细胞凝胶(SCG)试验中使用蛋白酶K区分dna -蛋白和DNA-DNA交联

Environmental Mutagen Research Pub Date : 2005-07-31 DOI: 10.3123/JEMS.27.39

H. Hayashi, M. Imai, Y. Shindo

引用次数: 1

Cancer chemopreventive ingredients in Asian foods: mechanistic perspectives 亚洲食品中的癌症化学预防成分:机理观点

Environmental Mutagen Research Pub Date : 2005-04-15 DOI: 10.3123/JEMS.27.1

Y. Surh

引用次数: 0

Inhibitory effects of NADH/NADPH in S9 mix on photo-mutagenicity of thiabendazole following UVA-irradiation in E. coli S9混合物中NADH/NADPH对uva辐照下噻苯达唑对大肠杆菌光致突变性的抑制作用

Environmental Mutagen Research Pub Date : 2005-04-15 DOI: 10.3123/JEMS.27.7

M. Watanabe-Akanuma, T. Ohta

{"title":"Inhibitory effects of NADH/NADPH in S9 mix on photo-mutagenicity of thiabendazole following UVA-irradiation in E. coli","authors":"M. Watanabe-Akanuma, T. Ohta","doi":"10.3123/JEMS.27.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3123/JEMS.27.7","url":null,"abstract":"Thiabendazole (TBZ), a post-harvest fungicide commonly used on imported citrus fruits, exhibited photo-mutagenicity following UVA-irradiation (320-400 nm) in Trp+ reverse mutation assay using Escherichia coli WP2uvrA/pKM101 strain. The photo-mutagenicity was not observed in the presence of S9 mix, a rat liver homogenate microsome fraction with co-factors for metabolic activation. We found that NADH and NADPH used as co-factor in the S9 mix efficiently suppressed the photo-mutagenicity of TBZ. This evidence strongly suggested that non-mutagenicity in the presence of S9 mix was not due to the metabolic detoxification of TBZ or the scavenging of UVA-activated TBZ by macromolecules in the S9 mix. Rather quenching effect of NADH and NADPH (λmax=338 nm) may be more responsible for suppression of UVA-activation of TBZ, because oxidized forms of NAD+ and NADP+ did not show inhibitory effects. Mutagenicity of the UVA-irradiated photo-mutagens such as angelicin and chlorpromazine was also suppressed by the addition of NADH or NADPH. Our present results suggest the possible underestimation in risk evaluation for photomutagenic compounds when they are assayed in the presence of S9 mix.","PeriodicalId":394432,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Mutagen Research","volume":"78 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115015815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Aneugenic effects of carbendazim and griseofulvin as assayed in the in vitro maturation system of mouse oocytes 多菌灵和灰黄霉素在小鼠卵母细胞体外成熟系统中的非优生作用

Environmental Mutagen Research Pub Date : 2004-12-20 DOI: 10.3123/JEMS.26.203

Ryota Tanaka, T. Sasanami, M. Toriyama, F. Mizuhashi, M. Mori

引用次数: 1

Requirements for frameshift (deletion) during translesion synthesis 平移合成过程中移码(删除)的要求

Environmental Mutagen Research Pub Date : 2004-09-30 DOI: 10.3123/JEMS.26.135

S. Shibutani

{"title":"Requirements for frameshift (deletion) during translesion synthesis","authors":"S. Shibutani","doi":"10.3123/JEMS.26.135","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3123/JEMS.26.135","url":null,"abstract":"Frameshift (deletion) is induced by many types of DNA damage in cells. However, the mechanism by which deletions are generated has not been extensively explored. The number of deletions during DNA synthesis catalyzed by the 3’→5’ exonuclease-free (exo-) Klenow fragment of Escherichia coli DNA polymerase I (pol I) was determined systematically on dG-acetylaminofluorene (dG-AAF)-modified oligodeoxynucleotides templates with different bases 3’ and/or 5’ to the lesion. Under conditions where the dNMP (deoxynucleoside 3’-monophosphate) positions opposite dG-AAF can pair with its complementary base at the 5’flanking position, one-base deletions are produced. Since the relative frequency of base insertion opposite the lesion followed the order: dCMP>dAMP>dGMP>dTMP, frequency of generating deletions paralleled to the insertion frequency of dNTP opposite the lesion. Inhibition of chain extension from the dC:dG-AAF pair also be involved in the formation of deletions. These results were supported by steady-state kinetic studies. Two and more base deletions were formed in a similar manner to that observed for one-base deletions. When the dG-AAF-modified templates containing iterated bases 5’ to the lesion were used, shorter deletions predominated. The formation of deletions was reduced when exo+ Klenow fragment was used, suggesting that the proofreading function of the enzyme minimizes the deletion formation. Thus, the ability of generating deletions depends on the (a) the nature of base inserted opposite the lesion, (b) sequence context to the lesion, and (c) the overall rate of translesion DNA synthesis past the lesion. The mechanism for deletions by E. coli DNA pol I may be applied to predict the nature of deletions generated by a variety of DNA adducts and by other prokaryotic and eukaryotic DNA polymerases.","PeriodicalId":394432,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Mutagen Research","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130394814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Correlation between DNA damage and GST-P in hepatocytes of juvenile rats treated with diethylnitrosamine 二乙基亚硝胺处理的幼鼠肝细胞中 DNA 损伤与 GST-P 之间的相关性

Environmental Mutagen Research Pub Date : 2004-09-30 DOI: 10.3123/JEMS.26.75

I. Ogawa, S. Furukawa, M. Abe, Yoshinori Tanaka, K. Usuda

{"title":"Correlation between DNA damage and GST-P in hepatocytes of juvenile rats treated with diethylnitrosamine","authors":"I. Ogawa, S. Furukawa, M. Abe, Yoshinori Tanaka, K. Usuda","doi":"10.3123/JEMS.26.75","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3123/JEMS.26.75","url":null,"abstract":"DEN in drinking water. These two assays were performed in the three primary lobes ［ left （ L ） , right median （ RM ） and right anterior （ RA ）］ of the liver simultaneously which helped to clearly show the correlation between the two endpoints. Summary We investigated the relationship between DNA damage detected as single strand breaks using a Comet assay and the expression of glutathione S-transferase P-form （ GST-P ） as a marker of the early stage of carcinogenesis. In this study, 4-week-old rats were exposed to 10 or 40 ppm diethylnitrosamine （ DEN ） in drinking water for 14 days, then both DNA damage and GST-P expression were evaluated in the three primary lobes ［ left （ L ） , right median （ RM ） and right anterior （ RA ）］ of the liver to clarify the correlation between two endpoints within the organ over time. Both DNA damage and GST-P expression increased almost in parallel in a dose- and time-depen-dent manner in all lobes, and those had a good relationship with heterogeneous response, L ≧ RM>RA. Therefore, it was confirmed that the result of the Comet assay could correspond to the histopathological changes appearing in the initiation stage in rat hepatocytes.","PeriodicalId":394432,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Mutagen Research","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131292662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2