ABUAD Journal of Engineering Research and Development (AJERD)最新文献

{"title":"Evaluation of Effective Interfacial Area in a Rotating Packed Bed Equipped with Dual Gas Inlets","authors":"Usman Garba, D. Rouzineau, Michel Meyer","doi":"10.53982/ajerd.2024.0702.04-j","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53982/ajerd.2024.0702.04-j","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigates the effective interfacial area in a novel rotating packed bed (RPB) equipped with dual gas inlets instead of the conventional single-gas-inlet RPB. The aim is to enhance the mass transfer efficiency of gas-liquid contacting processes in RPBs by increasing the number of gas inlets to improve the spread of gas supply into the packing. The RPB is a promising gas-liquid contactor configuration known for its intensified mass transfer characteristics. However, the impact of additional gas inlets on the effective interfacial area of the packing remains unexplored. An experimental method assessed the interfacial area under varying operational conditions which include a liquid flow rate of 0.30-0.60 m3/h, a gas flow rate of 100-300 Nm3/h, and a rotation speed of 600-1000 rpm. At operating conditions covering the maximum rotation speed of 1400 rpm, gas flow and liquid flow rates of 300 Nm3/h and 0.60 m3/h respectively, the results showed that on average, 55 to 97% of the 2400m2/m3 specific packing area can be effectively utilized for gas-liquid mass transfer during separation operations using the RPB. Compared to results reported for single-gas-inlet RPBs using similar packings, the RPB with double gas inlet proved to provide higher utilization of the packing. By simply doubling the number of gas inlets, the findings provide valuable insights into optimizing RPB designs and operations which could enhance mass transfer efficiency for various chemical and environmental applications.","PeriodicalId":394198,"journal":{"name":"ABUAD Journal of Engineering Research and Development (AJERD)","volume":"102 36","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141666432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Response Surface Methodology Optimization of wear rate Parameters in metallic alloys","authors":"B. Aliemeke, Lucky Charles, Peace Omoregie, Abdulrazak Momodu, Christopher Jerry, Emmanuel Akpan","doi":"10.53982/ajerd.2024.0702.06-j","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53982/ajerd.2024.0702.06-j","url":null,"abstract":"The optimization of wear rate parameters in metallic alloys using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) has been experimentally performed. The wear rate, a critical factor affecting the durability and performance of metallic components, served as the response parameter, while track diameter, sliding speed, and mass difference were considered as independent variables. The Central Composite Design (CCD) experimental method systematically explored the response surface and optimizes the wear rate. A mathematical model was developed, revealing a significant p-value of 0.043 in the ANOVA table, indicating the collective influence of the independent variables on wear rate at a significance level of 0.05. Furthermore, the model demonstrates a substantial explanatory power, with R-squared of 69.45% and adjusted R-squared of 51.95%. The p-value calculated to be 0.60 for the statistical Lack of fit indicated a satisfactory model. These findings highlight the effectiveness of RSM in optimizing the experimental input values and offer valuable insights for enhancing the durability and performance of metallic alloys in various industrial applications. The obtained result addresses the problem of uncertainty inherent in optimal levels of input parameters wear experimentation.","PeriodicalId":394198,"journal":{"name":"ABUAD Journal of Engineering Research and Development (AJERD)","volume":"122 21","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141666326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adaptive Radio Access Technology Selection Algorithm for Heterogeneous Wireless Networks","authors":"F. Ariba, F. K. Ojo, Zacheeus Kayode Adeyemo","doi":"10.53982/ajerd.2024.0702.05-j","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53982/ajerd.2024.0702.05-j","url":null,"abstract":"In Heterogeneous Wireless Networks (HWNs), Radio Access Technologies (RAT) can only consider the situation of one particular Radio Resource Management (RRM) which is unsuitable for managing multiple RATs. This study deployed an adaptive RAT selection scheme model to allocate users to the best RAT with the use of the cost function variable. The adopted model uses different input criteria like signal strength, network loads, service type and QoS requirement for the best access network selections. The adaptive RAT selection algorithm was executed in different service mixes (voice and data service) to access model suitability for users in Global System for Mobile Communications with Enhanced Data Rates for Global Evolution Radio Access Network (GERAN) and Universal Mobile Telecommunications System Radio Access Network (UTRAN). The proposed algorithm resulted in the call blocking probability reduction by 0.03 for GERAN and 0.14 for UTRAN as validated with the existing algorithm based on load balancing, service-based and priority-based. The drop implied an increased probability of ensuring session stability and high quality of the active service, leading to a high load distribution.","PeriodicalId":394198,"journal":{"name":"ABUAD Journal of Engineering Research and Development (AJERD)","volume":"63 24","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141663180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unlocking the Potential of Palm Kernel Shell and Quarry Dust: A Cost-Driven Approach to Replacing Sand and Gravel in Concrete","authors":"Hassan Abdullahi Maikano, T. Akanbi","doi":"10.53982/ajerd.2024.0703.03-j","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53982/ajerd.2024.0703.03-j","url":null,"abstract":"This research investigates the potential of palm kernel shells (PKS) and quarry dust (QD) as sustainable and cost-effective replacements for sand and gravel in concrete production. The study explores the impact of varying PKS and QD content on workability, density, water absorption, and mechanical properties. While increasing these alternative aggregates decreases workability and density, it improves water absorption and, in some cases, mechanical strength. Response Surface Methodology (RSM) identified a combination of 5% PKS and 20% QD (-1, -1) as the optimal replacement level for achieving a balance between cost and performance. This mix offers a significant cost reduction of 18.2% relative to concrete made with conventional aggregates. The study highlights the potential of PKS and QD as sustainable alternatives for conventional aggregates. Utilizing these readily available waste materials can reduce reliance on natural resources, promote waste management practices, and contribute to a more environmentally friendly construction industry. Additionally, the research suggests that quarry dust alone might be a more suitable replacement material than PKS due to its superior influence on concrete strength. This research provides valuable insights for optimizing concrete mix design with PKS and QD, promoting cost-effective and sustainable construction practices in regions with abundant palm oil production and quarrying activities.","PeriodicalId":394198,"journal":{"name":"ABUAD Journal of Engineering Research and Development (AJERD)","volume":"42 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141663595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of an Automatic Phase Selector for Nigerian Power Utility Customers","authors":"Lambe Mutalub Adesina, O. Ogunbiyi, Bilkisu Jimada-Ojuolape","doi":"10.53982/ajerd.2024.0702.02-j","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53982/ajerd.2024.0702.02-j","url":null,"abstract":"Power utility customers in a developing country like Nigeria have constituted a habit of changing the electricity supply line from an unavailable or unstable phase to the most available or stable phase. The category of customers involved in this character are those on single phase power supply. However, this act is being carried out manually at the meter point using the cut-out fuses. This attitude results in phase unbalances, overheating electrical equipment including feeder pillars, transformer coils, network faults, and overall system instability. Thus, this paper presents the development of an Automatic Phase Selector for Nigerian Power Utility Customers. The device automatically selects an available phase from the three-phase power supply lines. The research comprises designing an automatic phase selector circuit, simulation of the designed circuit, programming code development in C- Language for the microcontroller, construction of the designed circuit, and carrying out tests on completed work done to ascertain the effectiveness of the developed system. The system operation involved a three-phase supply from the closest distribution network of the power utility company which is connected to a three-in-one gang switch while the switching ON and OFF of their static switches represent phase-off in an ideal situation. The operational results of this system are presented in the form of the truth table which indicates that the affected customer would not have a power supply only when the 3-phases are under voltage or overvoltage or unavailable. This implies that one of the three phases that meet the three criteria would be switched ON. A pure sine wave was used as input into the Optocoupler and the output waveform of the rectified pulsating signal is separately displayed. This output waveform is very clean and noiseless. Finally, the system when practically tested with an unbalanced three-phase supply, worked perfectly enhancing the flexibility of operating an Automatic Phase selector and hence avoiding manual switching of the phase selector which has been attributed to changing of cut-out fuses and associated stress as well as having a user-friendly phase selector.","PeriodicalId":394198,"journal":{"name":"ABUAD Journal of Engineering Research and Development (AJERD)","volume":"24 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141694191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficient Energy Management System using Honey Badger Algorithm for Smart Agriculture","authors":"Samuel Omaji, Glory Nosawaru Edegbe, J. Ogbiti, Esosa Enoyoze, Ijegwa David Acheme","doi":"10.53982/ajerd.2024.0702.01-j","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53982/ajerd.2024.0702.01-j","url":null,"abstract":"Today, optimization is crucial to solving energy crises, especially in smart homes. However, the optimization-based methods for energy management in smart agriculture available globally need further improvement, which motivates this study. To resolve the problem, an efficient scheduling farm energy management system is required. Therefore, this study proposes a Farm Energy Management System (FEMS) for smart agriculture by adopting a honey-badger optimization algorithm. In the proposed system, a multi-objective optimization problem is formulated to find the best solutions for achieving the set of objectives, such as electricity cost, load minimization and peak-to-average ratio minimization, while considering the farmers' comfort. The proposed system considers commercialized agriculture with the integration of Renewable Energy Resources (RES). Also, the proposed system minimizes both load consumption and electricity costs via the scheduling of farm appliances in response to Real-Time Pricing (RTP) and Time-of-Use (ToU) pricing schemes in the electricity market. Extensive experiments are carried out in MATLAB 2018A to determine the efficacy of the proposed system. The proposed FEMS consists of sixteen farm appliances with their respective power ratings, inclusive of RES. The simulation results showed that a system without FEMS has a high electricity cost of 50.69% as compared to 43.04% for FEMS without RES and 6.27% for FEMS with RES when considering the ToU market price. For RTP market price, a system without FEMS has an electricity cost of 42.30%, as compared to 30.64% for FEMS without RES and 27.24% for FEMS with RES. Besides, the maximum load consumption for a system without FEMS is 246.80 kW, as compared to 151.40 kW for FEMS without RES and 18.85 kW for FEMS with RES when considering the ToU market price. Also, for the RTP market price, the maximum load consumption for a system without FEMS is 246.80 kW, as compared to 186.40 kW for FEMS without RES and 90.68 kW for FEMS with RES. The significance of the study is to propose a conceptualized FEMS based on the honey badger optimization algorithm. The proposed system provides scheduling of farm appliances that alleviates the burden of the electricity grid and is cost-effective for large and small-scale farmers.","PeriodicalId":394198,"journal":{"name":"ABUAD Journal of Engineering Research and Development (AJERD)","volume":"10 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141709230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Robotic Assistant for Object Recognition Using Convolutional Neural Network","authors":"Sunday Oluyele, Ibrahim Adeyanju, Adedayo A. Sobowale","doi":"10.53982/ajerd.2024.0701.01-j","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53982/ajerd.2024.0701.01-j","url":null,"abstract":"Visually impaired persons encounter certain challenges, which include access to information, environmental navigation, and obstacle detection. Navigating daily life becomes a big task with challenges relating to the search for misplaced personal items and being aware of objects in their environment to avoid collision. This necessitates the need for automated solutions to facilitate object recognition. While traditional methods like guide dogs, white canes, and Braille have offered valuable solutions, recent technological solutions, including smartphone-based recognition systems and portable cameras, have encountered limitations such as constraints relating to cultural-specific, device-specific, and lack of system autonomy. This study addressed and provided solutions to the limitations offered by recent solutions by introducing a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) object recognition system integrated into a mobile robot designed to function as a robotic assistant for visually impaired persons. The robotic assistant is capable of moving around in a confined environment. It incorporates a Raspberry Pi with a camera programmed to recognize three objects: mobile phones, mice, and chairs. A Convolutional Neural Network model was trained for object recognition, with 30% of the images used for testing. The training was conducted using the Yolov3 model in Google Colab. Qualitative evaluation of the recognition system yielded a precision of 79%, recall of 96%, and accuracy of 80% for the Robotic Assistant. It also includes a Graphical User Interface where users can easily control the movement and speed of the robotic assistant. The developed robotic assistant significantly enhances autonomy and object recognition, promising substantial benefits in the daily navigation of visually impaired individuals.","PeriodicalId":394198,"journal":{"name":"ABUAD Journal of Engineering Research and Development (AJERD)","volume":"76 42","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139844056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Robotic Assistant for Object Recognition Using Convolutional Neural Network","authors":"Sunday Oluyele, Ibrahim Adeyanju, Adedayo A. Sobowale","doi":"10.53982/ajerd.2024.0701.01-j","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53982/ajerd.2024.0701.01-j","url":null,"abstract":"Visually impaired persons encounter certain challenges, which include access to information, environmental navigation, and obstacle detection. Navigating daily life becomes a big task with challenges relating to the search for misplaced personal items and being aware of objects in their environment to avoid collision. This necessitates the need for automated solutions to facilitate object recognition. While traditional methods like guide dogs, white canes, and Braille have offered valuable solutions, recent technological solutions, including smartphone-based recognition systems and portable cameras, have encountered limitations such as constraints relating to cultural-specific, device-specific, and lack of system autonomy. This study addressed and provided solutions to the limitations offered by recent solutions by introducing a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) object recognition system integrated into a mobile robot designed to function as a robotic assistant for visually impaired persons. The robotic assistant is capable of moving around in a confined environment. It incorporates a Raspberry Pi with a camera programmed to recognize three objects: mobile phones, mice, and chairs. A Convolutional Neural Network model was trained for object recognition, with 30% of the images used for testing. The training was conducted using the Yolov3 model in Google Colab. Qualitative evaluation of the recognition system yielded a precision of 79%, recall of 96%, and accuracy of 80% for the Robotic Assistant. It also includes a Graphical User Interface where users can easily control the movement and speed of the robotic assistant. The developed robotic assistant significantly enhances autonomy and object recognition, promising substantial benefits in the daily navigation of visually impaired individuals.","PeriodicalId":394198,"journal":{"name":"ABUAD Journal of Engineering Research and Development (AJERD)","volume":"51 22","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139783987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Emission Characterization of Petrol, Ethanol and Spent Engine Oil Blends for Two-Stroke Spark Ignition Engine","authors":"Lawal Muhammed Nasir, Victor Ogbeide-Igiebor, I. Ozigis","doi":"10.53982/ajerd.2023.0602.05-j","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53982/ajerd.2023.0602.05-j","url":null,"abstract":"Exhaust emission has remained a big global concern in atmospheric change, and has thus, lead to stiffer polices on emission. To achieve the set emission targets different fuel mix and combustion process are continuously been investigated. This work is used to practically model the condition of a two-stroke engine that has run over time whose used lubricating oil finds its way from the sump to the combustion chamber and thus resulting to greater rate of incomplete combustion and higher emission. An exhaust analyser with a deep probe was deployed to access the out-going burnt gasses from a two-stroke spark ignition engine that is fed with multi blends of petrol, ethanol and spent engine oil. The characteristics of the emission constituents were investigated and compared to the global limits set by different organizations such as California Air Resources Board, Environmental Protection Agency in USA, International Council on Clean Transportation, Road Transport Bureau- in Japan, and European Emission Standard Agency, among others. The result shows an increase in , and emissions with samples that contain spent oil as against those with new engine oil which is also more effective. It was also found that samples with higher quantity of ethanol show lower emission of , and gases. This is likely due to interstation of ethanol molecules with that of the spent oil, thus making it more potent for further combustion. This was also supported with the fact that emission was higher in blends with higher quantity of ethanol. Thus, the presence of ethanol in fuel blend used in two-stroke spark ignition engine may be considered to be a source of improvement in combustion and hence a means of reducing emission in two-stroke port operated spark ignition engines.","PeriodicalId":394198,"journal":{"name":"ABUAD Journal of Engineering Research and Development (AJERD)","volume":"324 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131594630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deployment of an Artificial Intelligent Robot for Weed Management in Legumes Farmland","authors":"Adedamola Abdulmatin Adeniji, K. E. Jack, Muhammed Kamil Idris, S. S. Oyewobi, Hamza Musa, Abdulhafeez Oluwatobi Oyelami","doi":"10.53982/ajerd.2023.0602.04-j","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53982/ajerd.2023.0602.04-j","url":null,"abstract":"This groundbreaking research introduces an AI-based approach for revolutionizing weed management in legume farmland, addressing the limitations of traditional methods and introducing a new era of cost-effective and precise weed detection and removal. Traditional methods of removing weeds from farmland involving machinery or chemicals often resulted in high costs and imprecise outcomes. To address these challenges, an advanced image recognition algorithm was proposed, which harnessed smart machines to minimize costs and environmental risks. By utilizing computer vision technology, weeds were accurately identified and targeted for removal. A machine learning model was trained using relevant datasets to enable precise weed management. The AI-powered robot, equipped with advanced image recognition algorithms, demonstrated exceptional accuracy and speed, performing weed removal and decomposition 1.2 times faster than traditional manual labour. This breakthrough in weed management technology offers farmers a means to optimize crop yields, enhance food production, and minimize the environmental impact associated with chemical herbicides. A prototype of the robot was fabricated and evaluated in real-world farming conditions. Field tests were conducted on a bean farm and it’s demonstrated the robot's exceptional accuracy, with only a 2% deviation from the actual weed quantity. This research showcased the potential of AI-based weed management systems in legume farming, offering cost-effective and precise weed detection and removal. This research sets a precedent for the integration of AI in modern agriculture, driving the industry toward a more environmentally conscious and economically viable future. The AI-based weed management system empowers farmers, ensuring bountiful harvests, increased profitability, and a greener, more sustainable tomorrow while attention should be given to manufacturing this model for industrial and or commercial applications.","PeriodicalId":394198,"journal":{"name":"ABUAD Journal of Engineering Research and Development (AJERD)","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131729320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}