Vestnik Rossiiskoi Akademii Meditsinskikh Nauk最新文献_第9页

[Rotavirus infection: epidemiology, pathology, vaccination]. [轮状病毒感染:流行病学、病理学、疫苗接种]。

Vestnik Rossiiskoi Akademii Meditsinskikh Nauk Pub Date : 2015-01-01 DOI: 10.15690/vramn.v70i1.1231

N A Mayanskiy, A N Mayanskiy, T V Kulichenko

引用次数: 9

[Topical issues of food allergy diagnosis in pediatric practice]. [儿科实践中食物过敏诊断的热点问题]。

Vestnik Rossiiskoi Akademii Meditsinskikh Nauk Pub Date : 2015-01-01 DOI: 10.15690/vramn.v70i1.1230

S G Makarova, L S Namazova-Baranova, E A Vishneva, A K Gevorkyan, A A Alekseeva, M I Petrovskaya

{"title":"[Topical issues of food allergy diagnosis in pediatric practice].","authors":"S G Makarova, L S Namazova-Baranova, E A Vishneva, A K Gevorkyan, A A Alekseeva, M I Petrovskaya","doi":"10.15690/vramn.v70i1.1230","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15690/vramn.v70i1.1230","url":null,"abstract":"Food allergy (FA) in children, especially in infancy, is still a significant public health problem. The severity and prognosis of disease progression associated with FA considerably depends on the correct and early diagnostics of this pathology, as well as on the following management of a child. At the same time delayed elimination diet administration, unreasonable or overlong dietary intervention might have become abuse management of a patient and have a negative impact on the development of a child and reduce the quality of life. The article summarizes the current practical approaches to the diagnosis of FA based on evidence-based medicine and adopted European and Russian national consensus documents, as well as on our own experience of management of patients with this pathology. FA diagnosis in a child usually includes clinical laboratory tests and clarification of clinical and anamnestic data. Unfortunately, it is a fact that preference is given to laboratory methods for diagnosis based on specific IgE determination or skin samples. However, the basis for cause-significant allergen identifying is detecting detailed medical history and clinical picture of a disease which still appears to be the most reliable tool for FA diagnosis.","PeriodicalId":39355,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik Rossiiskoi Akademii Meditsinskikh Nauk","volume":" 1","pages":"41-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33347544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 9

[Role of Bradikynin in the Mechanism of Ischemic Preconditioning of the Heart. Prospects of Bradykinin Application in Cardiosurgical Praxis]. Bradikynin在心脏缺血预处理机制中的作用。缓激肽在心外科实践中的应用前景[j]。

Vestnik Rossiiskoi Akademii Meditsinskikh Nauk Pub Date : 2015-01-01 DOI: 10.15690/vramn.v70i2.1312

L N Maslov, N V Naryzhnaia, Iu K Podoksenov, A S Gorbunov, Y Zhang, J-M Pei

{"title":"[Role of Bradikynin in the Mechanism of Ischemic Preconditioning of the Heart. Prospects of Bradykinin Application in Cardiosurgical Praxis].","authors":"L N Maslov, N V Naryzhnaia, Iu K Podoksenov, A S Gorbunov, Y Zhang, J-M Pei","doi":"10.15690/vramn.v70i2.1312","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15690/vramn.v70i2.1312","url":null,"abstract":"Bradykinin level is increased in myocardium in response to short-term ischemia/reperfusion that is one of the evidences of its trigger role in ischemic preconditioning (IP). Pharmacological induced increase of endogenous bradykinin and kallidin-like peptide levels in myocardium enhances cardiac tolerance to impact of ischemia/reperfusion. Experiments with genetically modified mice indicate that kinins are involved in preconditioning but they are not the only trigger of IP. The B2-receptor blocking abolishes antiarrhythmic, infarct reducing effects ofpreconditioning, eliminates IP-induced cardiac tolerance to oxidative stress. Exogenous bradykinin mimics inotropic and cardioprotective effects of IP but does not mimic antiarrhythmic effect of preconditioning. The intracoronary or intravenous bradykinin infusion enhances human heart resistance to ischemia/reperfusion. Implementation of the cardioprotective effect of IP is provided by the activation of multiple signaling pathways that involve: B2-receptor, calcitonin gene-related peptide, NO-synthase, guanylyl cyclase, cGMP, protein kinase G, mitochondrial KATP channels, reactive oxygen species, kinases C, ERK andAkt. To increase of the human heart tolerance to ischemia/reperfusion is necessary to develop B2-receptor agonists devoid hypotensive and pro-inflammatory properties.","PeriodicalId":39355,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik Rossiiskoi Akademii Meditsinskikh Nauk","volume":" 2","pages":"188-95"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33888940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

[Current Concepts of Human Microsporidiosis]. [当前人类微孢子虫病的概念]。

Vestnik Rossiiskoi Akademii Meditsinskikh Nauk Pub Date : 2015-01-01 DOI: 10.15690/vramn.v70i2.1321

S A Timofeev

引用次数: 1

[L.A. Iakovleva]. (洛杉矶Iakovleva]。

Vestnik Rossiiskoi Akademii Meditsinskikh Nauk Pub Date : 2015-01-01

引用次数: 0

[Transpalpebral Tetrapolar Reoophtalmography in the Assessment of Parameters of the Eye Blood Circulatory System]. [经睑四极眼成像在评估眼部血液循环系统参数中的应用]。

Vestnik Rossiiskoi Akademii Meditsinskikh Nauk Pub Date : 2015-01-01 DOI: 10.15690/vramn.v70i3.1336

P V Luzhnov, D M Shamaev, E N Iomdina, E P Tarutta, G A Markosyan, L A Shamkina, A A Sianosyan

{"title":"[Transpalpebral Tetrapolar Reoophtalmography in the Assessment of Parameters of the Eye Blood Circulatory System].","authors":"P V Luzhnov, D M Shamaev, E N Iomdina, E P Tarutta, G A Markosyan, L A Shamkina, A A Sianosyan","doi":"10.15690/vramn.v70i3.1336","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15690/vramn.v70i3.1336","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Quantitative assessment of hemodynamic parameters is an important element of ophthalmic diagnostics especially in early detection of myopia, glaucoma, diabetic retinopathy. The assessment of hemodynamic changes is essential in evaluating of the efficiency of treatment. Objective: Our aim was to determine the adequate of eye hemodynamics assessment using reoophtalmography in patients with various clinical refractions.Methods: A controlled study was carried out. All tests were performed using transpalpebral tetrapolar method. Signal registration lasted for 20 seconds in the supine position, and then the diagnostic parameters were calculated.Results: We present the results of examination of 76 patients aged 5 to 22 years (average age 13.0 ± 1.1). 32 patients had low myopia (62 reoophtalmography records), 23 patients had moderate myopia (42 records) and 5 patients had high myopia (12 records). The control group was composed of 16 patients. The main differences were found in the rheographic index, which is equal to 58.1 ± 4.1 mOhm in the control group. It is significantly reducing with refraction increase, from 47.8 ± 3.2 mOhm in low myopia to 34.0 ± 2.5 mOhm in high myopia (p = 0.050). This is an evidence of blood supply deficiency in the myopic eyes.Conclusion: Rheographic index was shown to differ in different breathing phases, which agrees with the known physiological regularities. The proposed method is highly informative and sufficiently accurate what allows assessing the eye blood supply state objectively. It is easy to apply and requires no contact with the eye surface, which is especially important in pediatric practice.","PeriodicalId":39355,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik Rossiiskoi Akademii Meditsinskikh Nauk","volume":" 3","pages":"372-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34281825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 22

[The Prevalence of Metallo-β-Lactamases and Efflux-Mediated Mechanisms in Carbapenem Nonsusceptible Nosocomial Pseudomonas aeruginosa Isolated in Moscow in 2012-2015]. 2012-2015年莫斯科地区碳青霉烯类非敏感医院内铜绿假单胞菌金属β-内酰胺酶的流行及外排介导机制

Vestnik Rossiiskoi Akademii Meditsinskikh Nauk Pub Date : 2015-01-01

{"title":"[The Prevalence of Metallo-β-Lactamases and Efflux-Mediated Mechanisms in Carbapenem Nonsusceptible Nosocomial Pseudomonas aeruginosa Isolated in Moscow in 2012-2015].","authors":"","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Pseudomonas aeruginosa, the major nosocomial opportunistic pathogen, is an important cause of infectious morbidity and mortality among immunocompromised patients.Objective: To establish the role of metallo-β-lactamases (MBL) and efflux-mediated mechanisms in confer- ring carbapenem resistance in nosocomial isolates of P. aeruginosa.Methods: We analyzed carbapenem nonsusceptible nosocomial P. aeruginosa isolates obtained from pediatric and adult patients at three hospitals in Moscow in 2012-2015. Carbapenem susceptibility was assessed using the E-test. In addition, minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of meropenem were tested by the broth microdilution method. The presence of MBL was determined using the ED TA-mediated suppression test. Efflux-dependent resistance was measured using an assay based on MIC modification by an ionophore carbonyl cyanide 3-chlorophenyl hydrazine (CCCP).Results: A total of 54 carbapenem nonsusceptible P. aeruginosa isolates was examined. The presence of an MBL was detected in 37 (69%) isolates, 29 (54%) isolates had efflux-mediated resistance. In 10 (19%) isolates neither MBL nor efflux activity was found. Five out of 6 isolates (83%) with highly active efflux were MBL-positive. Among isolates with low efflux activity, 74% (17/23) possessed MBL, whereas in isolates with no efflux the rate of MBL-positivity was 60% (15/25).Conclusion: The prevalence of MBL- and efflux-mediated carbapenem resistance in nosocomial P. aeruginosa is high. Moreover, our results reveal that several resistance mechanisms may combine at the isolate level. These data may contribute to the development of novel strategies in combating carbapenem resistance.","PeriodicalId":39355,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik Rossiiskoi Akademii Meditsinskikh Nauk","volume":" 6","pages":"679-83"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34414801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

[Kidney Injury in Newborns with Abdominal Compartment Syndrome]. [新生儿腹膜间室综合征肾损伤]。

Vestnik Rossiiskoi Akademii Meditsinskikh Nauk Pub Date : 2015-01-01 DOI: 10.15690/vramn482

D A Morozov, O L Morozova, A A Tsyplakov, Yu A Melnikova

引用次数: 1

[The Destruction of Pharmaceutical Products as an Element of the Efficiency of State Control (Supervision) Over the Circulation of Medicines]. 【药品销毁作为国家对药品流通控制(监督)效率的一个要素】。

Vestnik Rossiiskoi Akademii Meditsinskikh Nauk Pub Date : 2015-01-01 DOI: 10.15690/vramn585

F N Bidarova

{"title":"[The Destruction of Pharmaceutical Products as an Element of the Efficiency of State Control (Supervision) Over the Circulation of Medicines].","authors":"F N Bidarova","doi":"10.15690/vramn585","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15690/vramn585","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The modern system of state quality control over medicine makes it possible to reveal and withdraw drugs, that do not meet the requirements. However the problem of the turnover of substandard andfake drug and their destruction in the Russian Federation is still urgent.The aim of the study: to evaluate the effectiveness of state quality control over medicine and the practice offake medicine destruction.Methods: data of the official websites of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation and the Republic of North Ossetia--Alania, Russian Sanitary Inspection, National Center of Quality control and Certification of Drugs were included in the investigation. Method of unrepeated samples was used in sociological investigations. 225 questionnaires have been worked out. The research was carried out in the North-Ossetian State Medical academy during the periodfrom 2013 to 2015 with the help of the National Center of Quality Control and Certification of Drugs.Results: The shortcomings of the state quality control over the rules of fake drug destruction were studied. It was found out that the mechanism ofpermanent data collection monitoring of revealing, moving and destruction of substandard and fake drug destruction has not been determined. The ineffectiveness of controlling measures under the condition of critical legal base deficiency has been confirmed. The analysis of terminology characterizing the order of fake drug destruction was carried out.Conclusion: deficiencies related to the implementation of the state quality control over the fake drug destruction rules revealed during the course of investigations prove the necessity of adopting measures in creating new model of controlfunctions, increasing the results of activity.","PeriodicalId":39355,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik Rossiiskoi Akademii Meditsinskikh Nauk","volume":" 6","pages":"741-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34415742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

[Epidemiological Surveillance of Cholera in Russia During the Period of the Seventh Pandemic]. [第七次大流行期间俄罗斯霍乱流行病学监测]。

Vestnik Rossiiskoi Akademii Meditsinskikh Nauk Pub Date : 2015-01-01 DOI: 10.15690/vramn.v70i2.1320

G G Onishhenko, E A Moskvitina, V D Kruglikov, S V Titova, O L Adamenko, A S Vodop'ianov, S O Vodop'ianov

{"title":"[Epidemiological Surveillance of Cholera in Russia During the Period of the Seventh Pandemic].","authors":"G G Onishhenko, E A Moskvitina, V D Kruglikov, S V Titova, O L Adamenko, A S Vodop'ianov, S O Vodop'ianov","doi":"10.15690/vramn.v70i2.1320","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15690/vramn.v70i2.1320","url":null,"abstract":"In this work basic stages of formation of the epidemiological surveillance of cholera in Russia are described. In 1990-s for the first time zoning by epidemic manifestations of cholera was carried out at the level of subjects forming parts of Russia and other Republics of the Soviet Union with the introduction of differential tactics of epidemiological surveillance. Improvement of epidemiological surveillance of cholera was aimed at harmonization with the IHR (2005), integration of epidemiological surveillance of cholera and social-hygienic monitoring of water objects of I and II categories. Characterization of isolated Vibrio cholerae strains (1990-2014) on the genomic basis determined the emergence of new VNTR-genotypes of V. cholerae O1 ctxAB+ tcpA+, responsible for outbreaks, simultaneously with isolation of V. cholerae 01 ctxAB-tcpA-strains during monitoring of environmental objectsfor cholera. A viewpoint is considered of the beginning of the eighth cholera pandemic in the context of emergence of V. cholerae El Tor strains with CTXφ prophage carrying ctxB gene of cholera toxin of classical biovar. Main directions offurther enhancement ofepidemiological surveillance include the study of basic data structures used in the epidemiological surveillance system, the use of zoning of municipal units offederal subjects with corresponding surveillance tactics and expected economic effect.","PeriodicalId":39355,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik Rossiiskoi Akademii Meditsinskikh Nauk","volume":" 2","pages":"249-56"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33889397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6