Foreign FriendsPub Date : 2019-03-22DOI: 10.2307/j.ctvbd8mbf.6
D. P. Fields
{"title":"Building an American Constituency","authors":"D. P. Fields","doi":"10.2307/j.ctvbd8mbf.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctvbd8mbf.6","url":null,"abstract":"Chapter 2 examines the lobbying activities of Rhee and the Korean independence movement in the immediate aftermath of the March First Movement and in the context of Woodrow Wilson’s embrace of self-determination as an American war aim. The Koreans used this new American interest in international affairs to expand their lobbying activities beyond those who had been involved in the American missionary effort in Korea. Through grassroots organizing, print media, and Chautauqua lectures, the Koreans established a small but influential constituency of American supporters who were willing to publicly advocate for the Korean cause.","PeriodicalId":391640,"journal":{"name":"Foreign Friends","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129533369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Foreign FriendsPub Date : 2019-03-22DOI: 10.2307/j.ctvbd8mbf.8
{"title":"Into and Out of the Wilderness:","authors":"","doi":"10.2307/j.ctvbd8mbf.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctvbd8mbf.8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":391640,"journal":{"name":"Foreign Friends","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122641248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Foreign FriendsPub Date : 2019-03-22DOI: 10.2307/j.ctvbd8mbf.3
{"title":"Note on Romanization and Korean Names","authors":"","doi":"10.2307/j.ctvbd8mbf.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctvbd8mbf.3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":391640,"journal":{"name":"Foreign Friends","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116685745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Foreign FriendsPub Date : 2019-03-22DOI: 10.2307/j.ctvbd8mbf.5
D. P. Fields
{"title":"The American Mission Comes to Korea","authors":"D. P. Fields","doi":"10.2307/j.ctvbd8mbf.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctvbd8mbf.5","url":null,"abstract":"Chapter 1 examines the importance of American missionaries both to US-Korean relations and to the transmission of the American mission from one society to the other. This chapter describes Rhee’s first encounter with the American mission via American missionaries, how he came to realize the potential of invoking the American mission for his own personal and nationalistic aspirations, and how such invocations were essential to him establishing himself as a leader of exiled Koreans in the United States.","PeriodicalId":391640,"journal":{"name":"Foreign Friends","volume":"400 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122079936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Foreign FriendsPub Date : 2019-03-22DOI: 10.5810/kentucky/9780813177199.003.0004
D. P. Fields
{"title":"Mr. Rhee Goes to Washington","authors":"D. P. Fields","doi":"10.5810/kentucky/9780813177199.003.0004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5810/kentucky/9780813177199.003.0004","url":null,"abstract":"Chapter 3 examines how Rhee and the Korean independence movement utilized this constituency to place pressure on American policymakers during the fight over the ratification of the Versailles Treaty and during the Washington Naval Conference of 1921–1922. The chapter pays special attention to the common cause the Korean activists and their American supporters made with the so-called Irreconcilables in the US Senate. The Korean independence movement provided these senators with an “internationalist” justification for opposing the treaty and thus an answer to the charge that they were advocating isolationism. The Koreans in return received an airing of their views in the US Senate and even a vote on a Korean reservation to the Versailles Treaty. While scholars have examined the importance of the issue of the Shantung Peninsula to the case against the Versailles Treaty in the Senate, few have realized that it was the brutal Japanese suppression of the March First Movement that injected such passion into the debate over the Shantung. While Korean activists’ passionate invocations of the American mission during both the fight over the Versailles Treaty and the Washington Naval Conference did not result in any official policy changes toward Korea, they significantly shifted American perceptions of the Japanese colonization of Korea and brought much of informed American public opinion on the situation into sympathy with the Koreans.","PeriodicalId":391640,"journal":{"name":"Foreign Friends","volume":"59 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121649289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Foreign FriendsPub Date : 2019-03-22DOI: 10.5810/kentucky/9780813177199.003.0005
D. P. Fields
{"title":"Into and Out of the Wilderness","authors":"D. P. Fields","doi":"10.5810/kentucky/9780813177199.003.0005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5810/kentucky/9780813177199.003.0005","url":null,"abstract":"Chapter 4 examines the Korean independence movement in the interwar years, a period when the movement was nearly destroyed by factionalism. Although personalities—especially Rhee’s—and Korean regional identities did much to fan the flames of factionalism, the efficiency of Japanese control of Korea exacerbated the problems. This chapter also examines Korean efforts in the 1930s to look beyond the United States for potential allies, especially the League of Nations and the Soviet Union. Such efforts are revealing of the Korean independence movement’s relationship with the American mission. Koreans embraced the idea of an American mission not because they necessarily believed in it—though some may have—but as part of a broad and pragmatic strategy to regain Korea’s independence.","PeriodicalId":391640,"journal":{"name":"Foreign Friends","volume":"60 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125676267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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