Shiraz E Medical Journal最新文献

{"title":"Comparing the Effects of Early Clinical Exposure on the Attitude and Motivation of First-year Medical Students from Ilam University of Medical Sciences Based on Video-based Education and Learning-in-hospital Settings Methods","authors":"A. Sharifi, M. Shohani, Leili Abedi Gheshlaghi, Elhm Shafiei","doi":"10.5812/semj-127209","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/semj-127209","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Exposure to an unfamiliar clinical environment is highly important for medical students since it affects their attitudes. Objectives: This study aimed to determine the effect of implementing a short course of familiarity with the clinical environment through video-based education and learning-in-hospital settings on the attitudes of first-year medical students. Methods: In the present quasi-experimental study with a pretest-posttest design, 59 first-year medical students were divided into two groups of “learning-in-hospital settings” and “video-based education”. Students' attitudes and motivations were measured using questionnaires, and the obtained data were analyzed using SPSS 22. Results: The attitude of most students from learning-in-hospital settings group was positive before and after the exposure. The attitude of most students from the video-based education group, on the other hand, was positive after watching the video while it was negative before the intervention; this difference, however, was not statistically significant (P = 0.1). In pre-exposure and post-exposure stages, the motivation of students in video-based education group was higher than that of students in learning-in-hospital settings group, but this difference was not statistically significant (P = 0.6). Female students in video-based education group had a higher positive attitude (P = 0.02) than male students (P = 0.01) before and after the exposure, and were highly motivated. Conclusions: Early clinical exposure to learning-in-hospital settings and, particularly, to video-based education may have been an effective factor contributing to motivating and encouraging the medical students.","PeriodicalId":39157,"journal":{"name":"Shiraz E Medical Journal","volume":"616 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86677859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Basic, Intermediate, or Advanced? Levels and Accessibility of Statistical Techniques in Nursing Research Articles","authors":"Khalil Tazik, Esmaeil Mousavi Asl, M. Maniati","doi":"10.5812/semj-122492","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/semj-122492","url":null,"abstract":"Context: This study investigated the uses of statistical techniques in nursing research articles (RAs) published within 2016 - 2020. Evidence Acquisition: Through stratified random sampling, 374 quantitative and mixed-method RAs were selected from five nursing journals (i.e., International Journal of Nursing Studies, Journal of Nursing Scholarship, Nurse Education Today, Nursing Outlook, and Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing) published within 2016 - 2020. The statistical techniques used in these articles were derived, aggregated, and listed. Results: Descriptive statistics (20.59%) and multiple regression (15.74%) were the most frequent statistics used in the nursing RAs. Regarding the level of statistics, 49.83%, 17.00%, and 4.31% of the techniques were basic, intermediate, and advanced, respectively, indicating that basic statistical techniques are by far the most frequently used techniques in nursing RAs. The findings also revealed that students with basic and intermediate knowledge of statistics could understand 66.83% of the techniques used in nursing RAs. Conclusions: The classification of statistical techniques derived from RAs presented in this study can meet the needs of nurses who wish to understand the benefits of statistics in nursing practice and hopefully can encourage them to take this part of research and practice more seriously.","PeriodicalId":39157,"journal":{"name":"Shiraz E Medical Journal","volume":"96 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81892209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Relationship Between Perceived Organizational Justice with Organizational-Citizenship Behavior and Organizational Trust Among Iranian Surgical Technologists in Iran University of Medical Sciences in 2021","authors":"S. Hannani, Fatemeh Majidian, F. Amiri, N. Azadi","doi":"10.5812/semj-122993","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/semj-122993","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The organizational-citizenship behavior and organizational trust change the behaviors and attitudes and can also improve performance and efficiency among nurses as the team working incentives. Numerous environmental and occupational factors can affect the mentioned variables in employees but organizational justice, among other factors, exert a significant impact in this regard. Objectives: The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between perceived organizational justice with organizational-citizenship behavior and organizational trust among Iranian surgical technologists at Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS) in 2021. Methods: In this descriptive-analytical and cross-sectional study, 183 surgical technologists of IUMS were investigated, and, therefore, the sampling method was census. Data collection tools were as follows: (1) Demographic characteristics questionnaire; (2) Niehoff and Moorman organizational justice questionnaire; (3) researcher-developed organizational-citizenship behavior scale; and (4) Gary A. Roeder Organizational Trust Questionnaire. Descriptive statistics (mean ± standard deviation; frequency and percentage), Pearson’s correlation coefficient, and multiple regression were performed to analyze the data by using SPSS software version 22. Results: Overall, the perceived organizational justice was poor, whereas the organizational-citizenship behavior and organizational trust were moderate. There was a positive and statistically significant correlation between organizational justice and citizenship-organizational behavior (r = 0.79), (P < 0.001). The same association was also observed between perceived organizational justice and organizational trust (r = 0.87), (P < 0.001). Moreover, 50% of the changes in perceived organizational justice, 67% in organizational trust, and 75% in organizational-citizenship behavior may have been explained and justified by demographic variables. Conclusions: It was concluded that citizenship-organizational behavior and organizational trust in surgical technologists may have been increased by taking appropriate interventions such as increasing the perception of organizational justice as well as improving the performance and quality of services in hospitals.","PeriodicalId":39157,"journal":{"name":"Shiraz E Medical Journal","volume":"52 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89950287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Detection of Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) Infection in Colorectal Cancer and Viral Genome Integration Status","authors":"M. H. Karbalaie Niya, F. Safarnezhad Tameshkel, N. Motamed, S. Miri, H. Mortazavi, H. Ajdarkosh, F. Zamani, H. Keyvani","doi":"10.5812/semj-118289","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/semj-118289","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third common cause of malignancy in Iran, and its incidence rate has been raised due to an increase in individual and environmental risk factors. Objectives: The present study aimed to define the role of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection in CRC, then by drawing a phylogenetic tree, we aimed to analysis the sequences of isolated HPVs, and finally determine the viral genome physical status for HPV-16. Methods: A nested-PCR (nPCR), direct sequencing, and INNO-LiPA HPV genotyping assay were carried out for HPV detection, and a quantitative real-time PCR assay (qRT-PCR) was conducted for the physical status of the viral genome. Results: Among 157 subsets, there were 66 cases and 91 controls. Moreover, 5.7% (9/157) were HPV positive by nPCR, among whom 9.1% (6/66) were cases and 3.3% (3/91) were control groups (P = 0.750). The qRT-PCR analysis showed three forms of integrated, episomal, and mixed forms in our three HPV-16 strains. A higher rate of HPV infection was detected in the CRC cases; however, it was not statistically significant. Conclusions: Although there were limited positive results, higher ages (> 65) were related to HPV involvement and CRC outcome. Furthermore, 9.1% of the CRC cases were infected with HPVs. The HPV-16 genome integration is observed in high-grade cancer cases with severe malignancy in CRC patients.","PeriodicalId":39157,"journal":{"name":"Shiraz E Medical Journal","volume":"74 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88951685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Comparative Study of Students' Academic Optimism and Hope, and Their Relationships with Academic Achievement","authors":"A. Hayat, Nafise Emad, Negar Sharafi, M. Keshavarzi","doi":"10.5812/semj-121136","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/semj-121136","url":null,"abstract":"Background: It is critical to identify the factors affecting the academic success of students in the context of medical sciences. The research approaches in positive psychology have shown that the variables of hope and optimism play important roles in the academic achievement of college students. Objectives: The present study aimed to compare and evaluate the relationship between the academic achievement of medical and paramedical students with hope and optimism. Methods: A descriptive-correlative and cross-sectional research design was adopted in this study. The statistical population of the study consisted of all medical and paramedical students at Shiraz University of Medical Sciences. A total of 350 students were selected based on Cochran's sampling formula, out of who 306 ones completed and returned the questionnaires. In order to collect the required data, two valid and reliable scales, including the Adult Hope Scale (AHS) and the Academic Optimism Questionnaire, were used. Moreover, descriptive and inferential statistics were performed to analyze the data by using SPSS 21V software. Results: The findings showed that students’ academic optimism (r = 0.16, P ≤ 0.01) and hope (r = 0.17, P ≤ 0.01) were positively and significantly associated with their academic achievement. The results also indicated that there was a considerable, positive correlation between student identification and their academic achievement (r = 0.197, P ≤ 0.01). Furthermore, a significantly positive relationship was detected between student hope dimensions in terms of agency thinking (r = -0.15, P ≤ 0.05), pathways thinking (r = -0.17, P ≤ 0.01), and academic achievement. The findings demonstrated that paramedical students were significantly more optimistic than medical students (P ≤ 0.01). Conclusions: It was concluded that hope and academic optimism may have increased and improved students’ academic performance and, consequently, had a positive impact on their success and achievement in universities.","PeriodicalId":39157,"journal":{"name":"Shiraz E Medical Journal","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84883929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ventral Pelvio-anal Reconstruction as a Variation of established Surgical Management of Severe and Refractory Fecal Incontinence: A Case Series Study","authors":"F. Pakravan, A. Safarpour, Zoe S. Poschinski, S. Hosseini","doi":"10.5812/semj-129265","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/semj-129265","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Conventional treatments may not be effective in some severe cases of fecal incontinence (FI). Objectives: In the present study, we evaluated the applicability of ventral pelvio-anal reconstruction (VPAR) as a modified operative technique for 17 patients with severe and refractory FI. Methods: We performed VPAR by placing a mesh in the perineum and securing it at the sacrospinal ligament on both sides. The Cleveland Clinic Incontinence Score (CCIS) and Fecal Incontinence Quality of Life (FIQoL) questionnaires were completed by the patients, and anorectal manometry was performed before and after the operation (3,6 and 12 months), and the results were compared against the baseline values. Results: The operation was successful in all patients; no mesh was explanted during the follow-up period, and all patients reported satisfactory outcomes. Postsurgical anorectal manometry showed an increase in both rest and squeeze pressures. The CCIS decreased while the FIQoL increased significantly during the first-year follow-up (P < 0.001). Conclusions: By incorporating the implant into the perineal body, we hypothesized that our combined technique would lead to favorable outcomes, and the preliminary results confirmed this. Further studies with larger patient populations and more extended follow-up periods are needed to confirm our satisfactory results and conclude that the VPAR approach is a safe and appropriate therapeutic option for patients with severe and refractory FI.","PeriodicalId":39157,"journal":{"name":"Shiraz E Medical Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89792265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anatomical Variations of the Mandibular Canal and Mental Foramen in Full Edentulous Iranian Subpopulation: A Cone-Beam Computed Tomographic Study","authors":"Y. Safi, R. Amid, M. Kadkhodazadeh, S. Rezaei, Marjan Kazeminia","doi":"10.5812/semj-121613","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/semj-121613","url":null,"abstract":"Background: This study sought to determine the anatomical variations of the mental foramen (MF) and the mandibular canal (MC) in the full edentulous Iranian subpopulation using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). These variations can have significant clinical implications in dental implant surgery. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study evaluated the mandible CBCT scans of 384 completely edentulous patients that required dental implant treatment. The CBCT scans were retrieved from four radiology clinics in Tehran, Iran, using quota sampling. The reconstructed images were evaluated to determine the dimensions and position of the MC and its cortication at the site of the mandibular first molar, the branching of the MC, the existence of the anterior loop of the mental nerve, and anatomical variations of the MF. The correlations of variables with age and gender were analyzed using the independent t-test, chi-square test, and analysis of variance based on the type of the variable. Results: The cortication of the MC at the site of the mandibular first molar was present in 72.9% of the cases and was significantly more common in male patients (P = 0.0001). Bifid mandibular canal, accessory MF, and anterior loop of mental nerve were present in 9.9%, 65%, and 54.7% of the samples, respectively, and they had no significant correlation with age/gender. The mean MC diameter, the mean MF height, and the mean distance from the inferior border of the mandible to the center of MF were all significantly higher in male patients (P","PeriodicalId":39157,"journal":{"name":"Shiraz E Medical Journal","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87090721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Postoperative Outcomes in Patients with Facial Vascular Malformation Regarding Quality of Scar, Satisfaction, and Quality of Life","authors":"M. Omranifard, Mehdi Rasti Ardakani, R. Jafari","doi":"10.5812/semj-122799","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/semj-122799","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Both purse-string sutures for surgical skin lesions and laser coagulation therapy are widely used to treat facial vascular malformations. The ultimate goal of using such treatments is to improve the appearance of these lesions and the patient's long-term satisfaction and quality of life. Objectives: Our study aimed to address the outcome of different therapeutic procedures in patients suffering from facial vascular malformations regarding long-term satisfaction, quality of scars, and quality of life. Methods: This self-control before-after interventional case series study was conducted on 60 consecutive patients with congenital vascular lesions. Patients were treated with purse-string methods along with coagulation, excision, and graft and ablation catheter. Before surgery and at intervals of one week, three weeks, six weeks, three months, and six months after surgery, the subjects were evaluated in terms of satisfaction, quality of scars, procedural outcomes, and quality of life. Results: There were significant changes in patients' satisfaction, quality of the scar, procedural outcomes based on the patient-reported outcome measures, and quality of life within six months after interventions. The improvement of the lesions was independent of gender, age, size, and the location of lesions. Conclusions: Regardless of the therapeutic approaches, significant improvements in postoperative outcomes concerning patients' satisfaction, quality of the scar, daily activities, and quality of life are expected in patients suffering from facial vascular malformations.","PeriodicalId":39157,"journal":{"name":"Shiraz E Medical Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87975327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Needs Assessment of Iranian Families with Neonates Hospitalized in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit","authors":"Sedigheh Razzaghi, Yadollah Zahed Pasha, K. Hajian, S. Valizadeh, A. Arzani","doi":"10.5812/semj-121025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/semj-121025","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The neonate's birth and subsequent hospitalization cause families to experience various needs. Identifying the family's needs can lead to the provision of qualitative services and the implementation of family-centered development care (FCDC) by nurses. Objectives: This study aimed to assess the needs of Iranian families with neonates in Neonatal Intensive Care Units (NICUs). Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in northern Iran in 2018 - 2019 on 360 parents of neonates admitted by convenience sampling method to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). Data were collected by demographic questionnaire of parents and neonates and NICU Family Needs Inventory (NFNI) of Ward with five dimensions of proximity, assurance, information, comfort, and support. The data were analyzed using Pearson and Spearman correlation coefficients and a t-test by SPSS23 software. Results: The most important dimensions of family needs were proximity to the infant (93.59%), information (90.53%), assurance (89.18%), comfort (86.70%), and support (80.78%). A comparison of the dimensions of the needs of primiparous, multiparous, and term preterm parents indicated that assurance for multiparous parents (P < 0.001) and comfort for parents with term infants (P < 0.02) were significantly higher than the other dimensions. Conclusions: The study found that proximity to infants is the most important dimension of family needs. Therefore, the relevant authorities should take effective measures to ensure parent-infant proximity.","PeriodicalId":39157,"journal":{"name":"Shiraz E Medical Journal","volume":"55 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90898156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Strategies for Universal Vaccination of COVID-19 in Developing and Underdeveloped Countries","authors":"M. Peyravi, M. Ahmadi Marzaleh","doi":"10.5812/semj-121915","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/semj-121915","url":null,"abstract":"<jats:p />","PeriodicalId":39157,"journal":{"name":"Shiraz E Medical Journal","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84395707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}