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Helia Pub Date : 2018-11-30 DOI: 10.1515/helia-2018-frontmatter69

引用次数: 0

The Influence of nano-TiO2 and Nano-Silica Particles Effects on Yield and Morphological Traits of Sunflower 纳米二氧化钛和纳米二氧化硅对向日葵产量和形态性状的影响

Helia Pub Date : 2018-11-27 DOI: 10.1515/helia-2018-0010

N. Sabaghnia, A. Javanmard, M. Janmohammadi, M. Nouraein

{"title":"The Influence of nano-TiO2 and Nano-Silica Particles Effects on Yield and Morphological Traits of Sunflower","authors":"N. Sabaghnia, A. Javanmard, M. Janmohammadi, M. Nouraein","doi":"10.1515/helia-2018-0010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/helia-2018-0010","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Present study is performed to evaluate the effects of foliar application of salicylic acid, glycine betaine, ascorbic acid, nano-silica and nano titanium dioxide on yield and yield component of sunflower. Chlorophyll content, leaf length, leaf width, days to 50 % flowering, day to maturity, plant height, husk percentage, number of seeds per head, head number per plant, percentage of empty achenes, 1000-seed weight, kernel weight, grain length, straw yield, harvest index, grain yield and oil percent were measured. Results showed that the first two principal components accounted 49 % and 19 %, respectively of sums of squares of the TT interaction and were used to create a two-dimensional treatment by trait (TT) biplot. The vertex treatments in polygon of TT biplot were ascorbic acid, glycine betaine, nano-TiO2 and control which Nano-Ti2 treatment indicated high performance in chlorophyll content, day to maturity, number of seeds per head, head number per plant, kernel weight, grain length, straw yield, harvest index, grain yield and oil percent. The identification of ideal treatment, the treatment that is most favorable treatment among all treatments, showed that the nano-TiO2 might be used in selecting superior traits and it can be considered as the candidate treatment. Treatments suitable for obtaining of high seed yield were identified in the vector-view function of TT biplot and displayed nano-silica and nano titanium dioxide as the best treatments suitable for obtaining of high seed yield. In short, nano-fertilizer could increase crop yields and improve the fertilizer efficiency.","PeriodicalId":39086,"journal":{"name":"Helia","volume":"41 1","pages":"213 - 225"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/helia-2018-0010","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48491240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Occurrence and Distribution of Races 713, 733 and 734 of Sunflower Downy Mildew Pathogen in the Russian Federation 俄罗斯向日葵霜霉病病原菌713、733和734种的发生和分布

Helia Pub Date : 2018-11-27 DOI: 10.1515/helia-2018-0015

M. Iwebor, T. Antonova, S. Saukova

{"title":"Occurrence and Distribution of Races 713, 733 and 734 of Sunflower Downy Mildew Pathogen in the Russian Federation","authors":"M. Iwebor, T. Antonova, S. Saukova","doi":"10.1515/helia-2018-0015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/helia-2018-0015","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The samples of Plasmopara halstedii (the causal agent of sunflower downy mildew) were collected on sunflower fields in south of the Russian Federation: in the Krasnodar, Rostov and Stavropol regions, and in the Republic of Adygea in 2016 and 2017. Virulence code of 545 isolates was identified; i. e. 280 isolates originating from 24 fields in 2016, and 265 isolates from 17 fields in 2017. Races 330, 334, 710 and 730, widespread within the region in previous years, were found in all mentioned areas. In addition, races 713, 733 and 734 have been detected in several districts of the Krasnodar region since 2016. This is the first report of these races in Russia and above that the first record throughout Europe and Asia for the races 733 and 734. The identification of new P. halstedii races was confirmed by the method of cross inoculations from individual differential lines. The phenotype corresponding to virulence code 734 was in some cases disclosed as a mixture of race 334 with 710 or 730. The presence of several P. halstedii races on an individual plant was also confirmed for the first time in the territory of the Russian Federation.","PeriodicalId":39086,"journal":{"name":"Helia","volume":"41 1","pages":"141 - 151"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44392417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

Combining Ability of Sunflower Inbred Lines under Drought Stress 干旱胁迫下向日葵自交系的配合力

Helia Pub Date : 2018-11-27 DOI: 10.1515/helia-2017-0009

M. Ghaffari, F. Shariati

{"title":"Combining Ability of Sunflower Inbred Lines under Drought Stress","authors":"M. Ghaffari, F. Shariati","doi":"10.1515/helia-2017-0009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/helia-2017-0009","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Sixteen sunflower hybrids obtained by crossing between four CMS and four restorer lines as tester were evaluated for combining abilities of agronomic traits under optimum and water limited conditions using line×tester mating design. There was considerable variability among genotypes for the traits in both normal and stressed experiments. The results indicated that the lines AGK344 and AGK148 with suitable GCA for early maturity and plant height respectively and AGK52 for oil content and seed and oil yield were desirable combiner under both optimum and stressed condition. In other hand, AGK344 expressed a significant GCA for plant height in suitable direction under stressed condition. Among the testers RGK26 and RGK56 had suitable GCA for days to maturity under both conditions. RGK56 and RGK26 were appropriate combiner for oil content under optimum and water stressed conditions respectively the later had desired GCA for seed and oil yield under water stressed condition too. According to the results, there was differentiate GCA of testers for days to flowering, seed weight and oil content in normal and stressed condition. Differential expressions of GCA in parent inbred lines indicated that selection of restorer lines for the agronomic traits would be more efficient than the selection of CMS lines. It is concluded that heritability of a trait determines the kind of SCA in response to different environments and the SCA effects are more stable for traits with higher heritability.","PeriodicalId":39086,"journal":{"name":"Helia","volume":"41 1","pages":"201 - 212"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/helia-2017-0009","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49415146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

Stability Analysis of Some Novel Cytoplasmic Male Sterile Sources of Sunflower and Their Hybrids 向日葵细胞质雄性不育系及其杂交种的稳定性分析

Helia Pub Date : 2018-11-27 DOI: 10.1515/helia-2018-0013

V. Tyagi, S. K. Dhillon, P. Kaushik

{"title":"Stability Analysis of Some Novel Cytoplasmic Male Sterile Sources of Sunflower and Their Hybrids","authors":"V. Tyagi, S. K. Dhillon, P. Kaushik","doi":"10.1515/helia-2018-0013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/helia-2018-0013","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Genetic makeup along with environmental stimuli affect the expression of a trait in plants. Drought tolerance in addition to stability of characters over a wide range of environmental conditions is not well studied in sunflower. Therefore, here we have performed a stability analysis study of sunflower genotypes. The experimental material comprised of 19 lines of sunflower comprising 9 alloplasmic cms lines from different wild sources along with one common maintainer from petiolaris source, 4 cms lines and one maintainer from cultivated source (cytoplasm from H. petiolaris), 4 restorer lines and 60 F1 hybrids (developed in line x tester design). The experiment was conducted over two years i. e. spring season 2011 and spring season 2012 over the two environments one normal irrigated and another water stress environment at Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India. The data were recorded for different morphophysiology, yield and quality trais and analysis as per standard procedures. The genotype×environment interaction was further partitioned into linear and non-linear components according to Eberhart and Russel model. Eleven sunflower hybrids were found to be stable across the environments for seed yield. While, sufficient variability was also recorded for the oil content with the highest oil percentage in the cross combination ARG-2A×P100R (34.61). Overall, this study provides useful information regarding the stability of newly developed and cytoplasmically diverse sunflower hybrids under north Indian conditions.","PeriodicalId":39086,"journal":{"name":"Helia","volume":"41 1","pages":"153 - 200"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/helia-2018-0013","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43165673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 10

Changing of Vegetative to Reproductive Ratio as a Response to Different Sowing Dates in Sunflower 不同播种日期对向日葵营养繁殖率的影响

Helia Pub Date : 2018-11-27 DOI: 10.1515/helia-2017-0019

A. Aliloo

{"title":"Changing of Vegetative to Reproductive Ratio as a Response to Different Sowing Dates in Sunflower","authors":"A. Aliloo","doi":"10.1515/helia-2017-0019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/helia-2017-0019","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Sunflower is an important source for edible oils and biodiesel production. Its productivity is limited by many agronomical practices one of which is the sowing date. In this study, the effects of different sowing dates from early April to late June on phenology and yield of sunflower cultivars were investigated. The results showed that sunflower has a relatively long period of possible sowing dates, stretching from early April to late June in North West of Iran. However, delayed sowing dates significantly decreased the number of days needed for phenophases. For every day of delay, the model predicted (R2=0.97) a losing rate in achene yield by 22.2 kg h−1 from the first sowing date. For relationships between growing degree days (GDD) and yield, almost the same results were obtained. About 22 kg h−1 reduction (R2=0.79) in yield per day was estimated by GDD index when the average GDDs per day was 14.2. However, helio-thermal units (HTU) did not predict this reduction accurately. A suggested comprehensive model, that used the percent of yield losses and changes in vegetative to reproductive ratio, found a significant and positive relationship between the indices and yield losses. For all indices, an increase in vegetative to reproductive ratio resulted in increased grain yield losses.","PeriodicalId":39086,"journal":{"name":"Helia","volume":"41 1","pages":"253 - 266"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/helia-2017-0019","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43354590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Crop Yield and the Quality of Sunflower Seeds in the Use of Fertilizers and Growth Regulation Substances 施肥和生长调节剂对作物产量和向日葵种子质量的影响

Helia Pub Date : 2018-11-27 DOI: 10.1515/helia-2017-0014

A. Kvashin, N. Neshchadim, E. Yablonskay, K. N. Gorpinchenko

{"title":"Crop Yield and the Quality of Sunflower Seeds in the Use of Fertilizers and Growth Regulation Substances","authors":"A. Kvashin, N. Neshchadim, E. Yablonskay, K. N. Gorpinchenko","doi":"10.1515/helia-2017-0014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/helia-2017-0014","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In the Russian Federation the most favorable area for high and stable yields of sunflower crop is the Northern zone of Krasnodar region. The research was conducted in multivariate experience of long-term stationary monitoring. We researched the effect of doses of mineral fertilizers and furolan on sunflower yield and seed quality. It was found that it is expedient and cost-effective to use small doses of nitrogen fertilizers for sunflower. The expediency of application of plant growth regulator (Furolan) during vegetation is shown. We found that the use of mineral fertilizers and the use of furolan contributed to the activation of growth processes of sunflower plants which led to the formation of optimal plant density. Improving the nutritional status of plants has provided an increase in the leaf area unit. The treatment of sunflower crops on the background of fertilizers N20P30 and the furolan has had a positive impact on the value of photosynthetic potential. Under the influence of mineral fertilizers there was an increase in the dissemination of the sunflower head, weight of seeds and weight of 1000 seeds, which has a positive impact on productivity. With the increase of fertilizer doses, the oil content of seeds increased when compared to the unfertilized variant. The treatment of plants with furolan has not violated the process of accumulation of protein and fat.","PeriodicalId":39086,"journal":{"name":"Helia","volume":"41 1","pages":"227 - 239"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/helia-2017-0014","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47970999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

DNA Marker-Based High-Throughput Identification of Downy Mildew Infected and Non-Infected Sunflower Plants 基于DNA标记的霜霉病感染株和未感染株的高通量鉴定

Helia Pub Date : 2018-11-21 DOI: 10.1515/HELIA-2018-0017

A. Solodenko

{"title":"DNA Marker-Based High-Throughput Identification of Downy Mildew Infected and Non-Infected Sunflower Plants","authors":"A. Solodenko","doi":"10.1515/HELIA-2018-0017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/HELIA-2018-0017","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Developing hybrids, resistant to causal pathogen of Downy mildew (Plasmopara halstedii (Farl.) Berl. & de Toni), is one of the critical tasks in sunflower breeding. Molecular markers have advanced breeding practice in the past decades, however there are still unmet needs for reliable high-throughput (HT) selection of the pathogen resistant starting material and differentiation of the plants infected by different pathogens. In this study, we tested the known DNA marker (308 bp fragment from ribosomal DNA of P. halstedii) for detection of pathogen in different tissues of sunflower plant and at different stages of plant development. Specified DNA marker was re-validated in the total DNA, isolated from sporangium as well as from seedlings of infected pathogen resistant/susceptible inbred lines of Ukrainian breeding and 60 F2 crosses. An independent set of field grown plants with unknown resistance to P. halstedii, having symptoms of the bacterial/fungal/viral pathology were used for HT screening and genotypes, infected with downy mildew, were successfully identified. Pathogen appeared to be concentrated in the vessels of sunflower leaves, in contrast to parenchymal tissue. Our study demonstrates an addition to whole seedling inoculation technique of P. halstedii detection, which allows HT identification of the pathogen infected and non-infected sunflower plants.","PeriodicalId":39086,"journal":{"name":"Helia","volume":"42 1","pages":"37 - 43"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/HELIA-2018-0017","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45727011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Magnitude and Nature of Gene Effects Controlling Oil Content and Quality Components in Sunflower (Helianthus Annuus L.) 向日葵(Helianthus Annuus L.)油脂含量及品质成分调控基因效应的大小和性质

Helia Pub Date : 2018-11-09 DOI: 10.1515/HELIA-2018-0006

Ravneet Kaur Chahal, S. K. Dhillon, S. S. Kandhola, G. Kaur, V. Kaila, V. Tyagi

{"title":"Magnitude and Nature of Gene Effects Controlling Oil Content and Quality Components in Sunflower (Helianthus Annuus L.)","authors":"Ravneet Kaur Chahal, S. K. Dhillon, S. S. Kandhola, G. Kaur, V. Kaila, V. Tyagi","doi":"10.1515/HELIA-2018-0006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/HELIA-2018-0006","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The present research aimed to study gene effects for oil content and fatty acid composition in sunflower. It involved a set of 92 hybrids developed by crossing four CMS lines with 23 perfect restorers. Experiment was conducted at experimental field area of Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India. The data was recorded on oil content and quality traits. The analysis of variance revealed significant differences among the traits studied. Among the lines; CMS 42A was observed to have higher significant positive gca effects for oil content, linoleic acid & linolenic acid and higher significant negative gca effects for palmitic acid and stearic acid, whereas, for oleic acid line, CMS 40A had higher positive gca effects. Among the testers, TSG 275 had higher significant positive gca effects for linolenic acid and significant negative gca effects for stearic acid. High positive gca effects for oleic acid and oil content were observed for TSG 331. The tester OPH 91 was good combiner with high positive gca effects for oleic acid and negative gca effects for palmitic acid, whereas, tester TSG 288 exhibited highest positive gca effects for linoleic acid. The best cross combinations; CMS 40A×TSG 259, CMS 607A×TSG 271 and CMS 40A×OPH 73 showed significant specific combining ability effects for oil content and cross CMS 40A×TSG 289 had significant specific combining ability for oleic acid and linoleic acid. The cross combination CMS 40A×TSG 259 is giving a significant jump of over 12 % against the current commercial check for oil percentage and for other quality traits more than 50 % over the standard check, which is significant for undertaking improvement of hybrid for oil quality.","PeriodicalId":39086,"journal":{"name":"Helia","volume":"42 1","pages":"73 - 84"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/HELIA-2018-0006","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47145850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

Performance and Water-Use Efficiency of Wild Cytoplasmic Sources in Sunflower 野生细胞质源在向日葵中的表现及水分利用效率

Helia Pub Date : 2018-07-26 DOI: 10.1515/helia-2017-0015

V. Tyagi, S. K. Dhillon

引用次数: 1