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Guest editorial: Poverty reduction in the FinTech age 嘉宾评论:金融科技时代的减贫
Enterprise Development and Microfinance Pub Date : 2018-06-01 DOI: 10.3362/1755-1986.2018.29-2.ED
L. Jones
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引用次数: 11
Inadequate growth, over-indebtedness, and crises in microcredit: what have we learned? 小额信贷的增长不足、过度负债和危机：我们学到了什么？
Enterprise Development and Microfinance Pub Date : 2018-06-01 DOI: 10.3362/1755-1986.17-00013
Isabelle Guérin, M. Labie, Solène Morvant-Roux
{"title":"Inadequate growth, over-indebtedness, and crises in microcredit: what have we learned?","authors":"Isabelle Guérin, M. Labie, Solène Morvant-Roux","doi":"10.3362/1755-1986.17-00013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3362/1755-1986.17-00013","url":null,"abstract":"Microcredit markets and institutions have experienced a certain number of major crises over the last decades. This paper aims to understand the dynamics that have led to those crises, including latent crises, by analysing a set of factors at three levels: customers, institutions, and markets. Based on multidisciplinary research, it provides a holistic and systemic understanding of microcredit crises and a graphic representation of the main causes and interactions. It calls for a broad conception of sustainability, which should be understood not only as a financial issue, but also as a sociocultural and political issue, at the level of both microfinance institutions (MFIs) and clients. The paper also identifies some of the key questions that anyone should ask when getting involved with microcredit programmes or institutions in order to avoid crises.","PeriodicalId":39025,"journal":{"name":"Enterprise Development and Microfinance","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49566612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 9
Innovations for success and scale-up: an analysis of Bandhan’s Targeting the Hard Core Poor programme in India 促进成功和扩大规模的创新:对印度Bandhan的“针对核心贫困人口”项目的分析
Enterprise Development and Microfinance Pub Date : 2018-03-01 DOI: 10.3362/1755-1986.17-00025
Smita Premchander, Aindrila Mokkapati, Sumit Dutta
{"title":"Innovations for success and scale-up: an analysis of Bandhan’s Targeting the Hard Core Poor programme in India","authors":"Smita Premchander, Aindrila Mokkapati, Sumit Dutta","doi":"10.3362/1755-1986.17-00025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3362/1755-1986.17-00025","url":null,"abstract":"Across the world, programmes that reach the ultra-poor have a similar design, with few differences. Based on secondary literature and practical experience, this paper describes the key features, and examines the innovations and adaptations of the scale-up and replications of these programmes. A participatory review of the Targeting the Hard Core Poor programme forms the basis of the discussions, with references to CFPR, CLP, and CAIM programmes. The paper highlights very high success rates of ultra-poor programmes across the world and in India. The critical adaptations in replication include preference to inclusion errors over exclusion errors, confidence building of the ultra-poor women, an expanded choice of enterprises, flexible graduation indicators, and rigorous monitoring systems. Areas of further research include studying the sustainability of village-level institutions for protection of the ultra-poor. The paper cautions that ultra-poor programmes should not replace official social protection sche...","PeriodicalId":39025,"journal":{"name":"Enterprise Development and Microfinance","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45869197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Guest editorial: Reaching the poorest with finance and enterprise support 客座社论：通过金融和企业支持帮助最贫穷的人
Enterprise Development and Microfinance Pub Date : 2018-03-01 DOI: 10.3362/1755-1986.2018.29-1ED
Smita Premchander, M. Harper
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引用次数: 4
Crossfire: Microfinance can serve the very poor, but does it? 交叉火力:小额信贷可以为非常贫穷的人服务，但它真的可以吗?
Enterprise Development and Microfinance Pub Date : 2018-03-01 DOI: 10.3362/1755-1986.2018.29-1CF
F. Sinha, Rabeya Yasmin
{"title":"Crossfire: Microfinance can serve the very poor, but does it?","authors":"F. Sinha, Rabeya Yasmin","doi":"10.3362/1755-1986.2018.29-1CF","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3362/1755-1986.2018.29-1CF","url":null,"abstract":"Microfinance was started as a tool to address extreme poverty, or even ‘to put poverty in a museum’. There is continuing debate about whether it can or cannot do this. Some argue that microfinance can and does alleviate or even ‘cure’ poverty, others that it has little or no impact, or even that it may even exacerbates poverty, particularly for the very poorest people. Two well-informed protagonists from South Asia discuss this issue. Rabeya Yasmin worked for Bangladesh Rehabilitation Assistance Committee (BRAC) in Bangladesh for 19 years, and was director of the well-known BRAC targeting the ultra poor (TUP) programme. She was educated at the University of Dhaka and at the IDS in Sussex, and is a member of the boards of several institutions in Bangladesh. Frances Sinha is a Director and co-founder of M-Cril, the international financial services and social business rating and research agency, based in Delhi. She is originally from the United Kingdom but has lived and worked for over thirty years in India, but also throughout South Asia and Africa.","PeriodicalId":39025,"journal":{"name":"Enterprise Development and Microfinance","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3362/1755-1986.2018.29-1CF","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41698139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Fintech and the demand side challenge in financial inclusion 金融科技与普惠金融的需求侧挑战
Enterprise Development and Microfinance Pub Date : 2018-03-01 DOI: 10.3362/1755-1986.17-00016
S. Sinha, K. R. Pandey, N. Madan
{"title":"Fintech and the demand side challenge in financial inclusion","authors":"S. Sinha, K. R. Pandey, N. Madan","doi":"10.3362/1755-1986.17-00016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3362/1755-1986.17-00016","url":null,"abstract":"There is a push for digitizing payments across the board in India. This has picked up steam after the demonetization of large currency notes in November 2016. But how ready and willing are low-income Indians (as well as low-income people in other developing countries) to adopt digital payments? This question needs more thought as there is a range of issues around mobile phone penetration, bank account features, acceptance of digital payments across value chains, and the viability of small transactions.","PeriodicalId":39025,"journal":{"name":"Enterprise Development and Microfinance","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3362/1755-1986.17-00016","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49108580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 10
Relegated to chronic poverty: financial difficulties faced by people with mental illness in the United States 陷入长期贫困:美国精神疾病患者面临的经济困难
Enterprise Development and Microfinance Pub Date : 2018-03-01 DOI: 10.3362/1755-1986.17-00015
Annie Harper
{"title":"Relegated to chronic poverty: financial difficulties faced by people with mental illness in the United States","authors":"Annie Harper","doi":"10.3362/1755-1986.17-00015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3362/1755-1986.17-00015","url":null,"abstract":"This article is about the financial difficulties faced by people living in the United States who are poor and have mental illness, and a pilot programme seeking to help them. Millions of people in the United States cannot afford to meet their basic needs, and levels of unsustainable debt are high, given low incomes and a relatively high cost of living. People with mental illness are disproportionately represented among this group, even those who receive financial assistance from the government. The pilot project focused on helping people understand and make the best use of financial services, and worked with local banks and the government to try to improve locally available financial services. The United States has a great deal to learn from the experience of global microfinance. In addition, the benefits system must be reformed to increase people’s incomes, and reduce disincentives to saving and finding employment.","PeriodicalId":39025,"journal":{"name":"Enterprise Development and Microfinance","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42033972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Microfinance for the marginalized: the impact of the Rojiroti approach in India 面向边缘人群的小额信贷:印度Rojiroti方法的影响
Enterprise Development and Microfinance Pub Date : 2018-03-01 DOI: 10.3362/1755-1986.17-00011
G. Yaron, R. Gordon, J. Best, S. Choudhary
{"title":"Microfinance for the marginalized: the impact of the Rojiroti approach in India","authors":"G. Yaron, R. Gordon, J. Best, S. Choudhary","doi":"10.3362/1755-1986.17-00011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3362/1755-1986.17-00011","url":null,"abstract":"The Rojiroti approach to microfinance involves creation of women’s self-help groups (SHGs), rotated loans from savings, and subsequent credit from CPSL, a Bihar-based NGO. Rojiroti serves customers who are significantly poorer and more marginalized than those typically served by microfinance (MF) in India. In the data analysed, more than 90 per cent of members are from scheduled caste and tribes (62 per cent) or other disadvantaged castes. This paper analyses the impact of Rojiroti MF using panel data on 740 new SHG members and 340 women in matched control sites at baseline and after 18 months. We consider changes in assets, children’s education, empowerment, and domestic violence among other indicators. These results show significant gains for Rojiroti borrowers relative to control sites for important, but not all, variables. Comparison with more long-standing SHGs (at least 36 months) helps to explain how the borrowing patterns of poor and marginalized SHG members evolves.","PeriodicalId":39025,"journal":{"name":"Enterprise Development and Microfinance","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3362/1755-1986.17-00011","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47429194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 10
Economic empowerment for people with disabilities through the graduation approach: lessons from Guatemala, Nicaragua, and Mexico 通过毕业方式赋予残疾人经济权力:来自危地马拉、尼加拉瓜和墨西哥的经验
Enterprise Development and Microfinance Pub Date : 2018-03-01 DOI: 10.3362/1755-1986.17-00010
Jo Sanson, F. Bielsa, Saara Shanti Kumar
{"title":"Economic empowerment for people with disabilities through the graduation approach: lessons from Guatemala, Nicaragua, and Mexico","authors":"Jo Sanson, F. Bielsa, Saara Shanti Kumar","doi":"10.3362/1755-1986.17-00010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3362/1755-1986.17-00010","url":null,"abstract":"People with disabilities (PWDs) are overrepresented among those in extreme poverty. They are also often excluded, or self-exclude, from economic strengthening programmes. For the past six years, Trickle Up has had promising results in adapting graduation programmes to the needs of PWDs living in extreme poverty. Drawing upon mixed-method data analysis, participatory assessment, and case studies from six projects in Guatemala, Nicaragua, and Mexico involving 936 households with PWDs, this article discusses graduation programme design for PWDs in extreme poverty. This includes when and how to engage PWDs as primary programme participants, homogeneous versus integrated savings groups, the role of field staff in changing negative attitudes about disability in families, communities, and among PWDs themselves, and how ‘graduation’ itself should be conceptualized when working with specific vulnerabilities. Finally, consideration is given to the broader lessons for program designers and implementers engaging othe...","PeriodicalId":39025,"journal":{"name":"Enterprise Development and Microfinance","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44623144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 6
Changes in extreme poverty in Bangladesh (2000–2015): trend, dynamics, and implications for research and interventions 孟加拉国极端贫困的变化（2000-2005）：趋势、动态及其对研究和干预措施的影响
Enterprise Development and Microfinance Pub Date : 2018-03-01 DOI: 10.3362/1755-1986.18-00002
I. Matin, Atiya Rahman
{"title":"Changes in extreme poverty in Bangladesh (2000–2015): trend, dynamics, and implications for research and interventions","authors":"I. Matin, Atiya Rahman","doi":"10.3362/1755-1986.18-00002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3362/1755-1986.18-00002","url":null,"abstract":"Headcount extreme poverty in Bangladesh has been declining since 2000, but how has the profile and income distribution of the poorest changed and what do these mean for intervention design and directions for innovations? Using national and BRAC datasets, we find important changes among the extreme poor over time including their income distribution, which has become more dispersed with a stronger positive skew. The overall economic progress seems to be lifting all boats. However, most of the extreme poor remain trapped in chronic poverty. Long-term escape out of extreme poverty, even for well-designed and well-executed programmes such as BRAC’s Targeting the Ultra Poor (TUP) programme, remains modest, though the overall impact is extremely positive. We suggest a few directions for future design to accelerate progress. This will require a bolder knowledge partnership between researchers working on rigorous evidence using experimental methods and behavioural insights, and practitioners.","PeriodicalId":39025,"journal":{"name":"Enterprise Development and Microfinance","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3362/1755-1986.18-00002","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44758072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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